Question 1

​Toxicology is a science devoted to the study of risks to human life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

​Single cell organisms that are found everywhere and can multiply rapidly on their own are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​carcinogens 
B)  ​mutagens 
C)  parasites 
D)  ​bacteria 
E)  ​viruses 
A)  ​carcinogens 
B)  ​mutagens 
C)  parasites 
D)  ​bacteria 
E)  ​viruses

Question 3

Most case reports are highly reliable sources for estimating toxicity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

​Ecological medicine is a relatively new field of study devoted to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​finding a cure for AIDS 
B)  ​the ecology of sick people 
C)  ​tracking disease connections that are transmitted from animal species to humans 
D)  ​international diseases such as Avian flu 
E)  ​the illegal international trade in wild species 
A)  ​finding a cure for AIDS 
B)  ​the ecology of sick people 
C)  ​tracking disease connections that are transmitted from animal species to humans 
D)  ​international diseases such as Avian flu 
E)  ​the illegal international trade in wild species

Question 5

The overuse of ____________________ can cause bacteria to develop genetic resistance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The overuse of ____________________ can cause bacteria...

Question 6

The chemicals PCBs,arsenic,and lead are all examples of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemicals PCBs,arsenic,and lead are all examples...

Question 7

​The third largest viral killer in the world is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

hepatitis

Question 8

It is estimated that approximately one of every 12 women of childbearing age in the United States has enough ____________________ in her blood to harm a developing fetus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is estimated that approximately one of...

Question 9

Although it has been largely phased out in most countries,the World Health Organization (WHO)supports the limited use of ____________________ to control the spread of malaria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although it has been largely phased out...

Question 10

​Why has effectively combating the spread of malaria become more challenging since the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Anti-malarial drugs cost too much to be used widely in the less-developed countries where malaria infections are widespread. 
B)  ​During this century,the average atmospheric temperature had risen,thus causing populations of malaria-carrying mosquitoes to spread from tropical areas to warmer temperate areas of the earth. 
C)  ​The vaccine that can prevent this disease is expensive. 
D)  ​The parasite infects and destroys its victim's red blood cells,causing intense fever,chills,drenching sweats,severe abdominal pain,vomiting,headaches,and increased susceptibility to other diseases. 
E)  ​Most species of the Anopheles mosquito have become genetically resistant to most insecticides and the Plasmodium parasites have become genetically resistant to common antimalarial drugs. 
A)  ​Anti-malarial drugs cost too much to be used widely in the less-developed countries where malaria infections are widespread. 
B)  ​During this century,the average atmospheric temperature had risen,thus causing populations of malaria-carrying mosquitoes to spread from tropical areas to warmer temperate areas of the earth. 
C)  ​The vaccine that can prevent this disease is expensive. 
D)  ​The parasite infects and destroys its victim's red blood cells,causing intense fever,chills,drenching sweats,severe abdominal pain,vomiting,headaches,and increased susceptibility to other diseases. 
E)  ​Most species of the Anopheles mosquito have become genetically resistant to most insecticides and the Plasmodium parasites have become genetically resistant to common antimalarial drugs.

Question 11

An alternative approach to combating _____________ is to provide free or inexpensive insecticide-treated bed nets to poor people in the regions most affected.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An alternative approach to combating _____________ is...

Question 12

​What is a chemical's median lethal dose?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​This is the dose where an animal would be expected to show an acute response. 
B)  ​This corresponds to the highest point on a dose-response curve. 
C)  ​This is the level that a chemical becomes slightly toxic. 
D)  ​This is the dose that can kill 50% of the animals in a test population within a given time period. 
E)  ​This is the dose that will kill most of the medium sized animals in a test population. 
A)  ​This is the dose where an animal would be expected to show an acute response. 
B)  ​This corresponds to the highest point on a dose-response curve. 
C)  ​This is the level that a chemical becomes slightly toxic. 
D)  ​This is the dose that can kill 50% of the animals in a test population within a given time period. 
E)  ​This is the dose that will kill most of the medium sized animals in a test population.

Question 13

​What has played an important role in the 30-year increase in life expectancy since 1950?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​reduced poverty and malnutrition 
B)  ​improved drinking water quality 
C)  ​risk management 
D)  ​risk assessment 
E)  antibiotics 
A)  ​reduced poverty and malnutrition 
B)  ​improved drinking water quality 
C)  ​risk management 
D)  ​risk assessment 
E)  antibiotics

Question 14

Epidemiological studies can be used to effectively evaluate hazards from new technologies and new chemicals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

​A reason that mercury is so persistent in the environment or living organisms is that it is an element and thus cannot be broken down or degraded.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

​Biological hazards can be caused by one of the more than 1,400 ____ that can cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​parasites 
B)  ​cultural hazards 
C)  ​viruses 
D)  ​mutagens 
E)  ​pathogens 
A)  ​parasites 
B)  ​cultural hazards 
C)  ​viruses 
D)  ​mutagens 
E)  ​pathogens

Question 17

​Some researchers estimate that one out of every five people infected with ____ are not aware of the infection.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​E.coli 
B)  ​Influenza 
C)  ​Malaria 
D)  ​HIV 
E)  ​HBV 
A)  ​E.coli 
B)  ​Influenza 
C)  ​Malaria 
D)  ​HIV 
E)  ​HBV

Question 18

​You are an aquatic biologist studying a small lake.The stream that drains into this lake runs by croplands.You are detecting a pesticide called atrazine in the insects and worms that live in the lake.The predatory birds such as herons and egrets have very high concentrations of atrazine in their blood.The birds prey on the frogs and small fish.What condition best explains the high atrazine level in the birds?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​acute effects experienced by the birds 
B)  ​consumption in amounts larger than the lethal dose 
C)  ​chronic residual effects in the birds 
D)  ​biological accumulation and magnification 
E)  ​an increase in ecological toxicity 
A)  ​acute effects experienced by the birds 
B)  ​consumption in amounts larger than the lethal dose 
C)  ​chronic residual effects in the birds 
D)  ​biological accumulation and magnification 
E)  ​an increase in ecological toxicity

Question 19

All chemicals in commercial use were screened for toxicity before they were made available to the public.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A global-scale outbreak of an infectious disease such as tuberculosis or AIDS is called a(n)______________________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A global-scale outbreak of an infectious disease...

Toxicology is a science devoted to the study of risks to human life.

Single cell organisms that are found everywhere and can multiply rapidly on their own are called ____.

Most case reports are highly reliable sources for estimating toxicity.

Ecological medicine is a relatively new field of study devoted to ____.

The overuse of ____________________ can cause bacteria to develop genetic resistance.

The chemicals PCBs,arsenic,and lead are all examples of ____________________.

The third largest viral killer in the world is ____________________.

It is estimated that approximately one of every 12 women of childbearing age in the United States has enough ____________________ in her blood to harm a developing fetus.

Although it has been largely phased out in most countries,the World Health Organization (WHO)supports the limited use of ____________________ to control the spread of malaria.

Why has effectively combating the spread of malaria become more challenging since the 1970s?

An alternative approach to combating _____________ is to provide free or inexpensive insecticide-treated bed nets to poor people in the regions most affected.

What is a chemical's median lethal dose?

What has played an important role in the 30-year increase in life expectancy since 1950?

Epidemiological studies can be used to effectively evaluate hazards from new technologies and new chemicals.

A reason that mercury is so persistent in the environment or living organisms is that it is an element and thus cannot be broken down or degraded.

Biological hazards can be caused by one of the more than 1,400 ____ that can cause disease.

Some researchers estimate that one out of every five people infected with ____ are not aware of the infection.

All chemicals in commercial use were screened for toxicity before they were made available to the public.

A global-scale outbreak of an infectious disease such as tuberculosis or AIDS is called a(n)______________________________.

Environmental Problems - Their Causes - and Sustainability

Science - Matter - and Energy

Ecosystems - What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity and Evolution

Biodiversity - Species Interactions - and Population Control

The Human Population and Urbanization

Climate and Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity - the Species Approach

Sustaining Biodiversity - the Ecosystem Approach

Food - Soil - and Pest Management

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Geology and Nonrenewable Minerals

Energy

Air Pollution Climate Change and Ozone Depletion

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Environmental Economics Politics and Worldviews

Filters

Exam 14: Environmental Hazards and Human Health

​Toxicology is a science devoted to the study of risks to human life.

​Single cell organisms that are found everywhere and can multiply rapidly on their own are called ____.

Most case reports are highly reliable sources for estimating toxicity.

​Ecological medicine is a relatively new field of study devoted to ____.

The overuse of ____________________ can cause bacteria to develop genetic resistance.

The chemicals PCBs,arsenic,and lead are all examples of ____________________.

​The third largest viral killer in the world is ____________________.

It is estimated that approximately one of every 12 women of childbearing age in the United States has enough ____________________ in her blood to harm a developing fetus.

Although it has been largely phased out in most countries,the World Health Organization (WHO)supports the limited use of ____________________ to control the spread of malaria.

​Why has effectively combating the spread of malaria become more challenging since the 1970s?

An alternative approach to combating _____________ is to provide free or inexpensive insecticide-treated bed nets to poor people in the regions most affected.

​What is a chemical's median lethal dose?

​What has played an important role in the 30-year increase in life expectancy since 1950?

Epidemiological studies can be used to effectively evaluate hazards from new technologies and new chemicals.

​A reason that mercury is so persistent in the environment or living organisms is that it is an element and thus cannot be broken down or degraded.

​Biological hazards can be caused by one of the more than 1,400 ____ that can cause disease.

​Some researchers estimate that one out of every five people infected with ____ are not aware of the infection.

All chemicals in commercial use were screened for toxicity before they were made available to the public.

A global-scale outbreak of an infectious disease such as tuberculosis or AIDS is called a(n)______________________________.

Environmental Problems - Their Causes - and Sustainability

Science - Matter - and Energy

Ecosystems - What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity and Evolution

Biodiversity - Species Interactions - and Population Control

The Human Population and Urbanization

Climate and Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity - the Species Approach

Sustaining Biodiversity - the Ecosystem Approach

Food - Soil - and Pest Management

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Geology and Nonrenewable Minerals

Energy

Air Pollution Climate Change and Ozone Depletion

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Environmental Economics Politics and Worldviews

Filters

Toxicology is a science devoted to the study of risks to human life.

Single cell organisms that are found everywhere and can multiply rapidly on their own are called ____.

Ecological medicine is a relatively new field of study devoted to ____.

The third largest viral killer in the world is ____________________.

Why has effectively combating the spread of malaria become more challenging since the 1970s?

What is a chemical's median lethal dose?

What has played an important role in the 30-year increase in life expectancy since 1950?

A reason that mercury is so persistent in the environment or living organisms is that it is an element and thus cannot be broken down or degraded.

Biological hazards can be caused by one of the more than 1,400 ____ that can cause disease.

Some researchers estimate that one out of every five people infected with ____ are not aware of the infection.