Question 1

Which of these combinations would be found in a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A)  base-acid-salt 
B)  adenine-thymine-uracil 
C)  base-sugar-phosphate 
D)  DNA-RNA-nucleus 
E)  sugar-protein-fat 
A)  base-acid-salt 
B)  adenine-thymine-uracil 
C)  base-sugar-phosphate 
D)  DNA-RNA-nucleus 
E)  sugar-protein-fat

Question 2

The water strider is an insect that skates across the water without sinking. The tips of its feet must be coated with molecules that are

Accepted Answer

A)  ions. 
B)  hydrophilic. 
C)  hydrophobic. 
D)  basic. 
E)  acidic. 
A)  ions. 
B)  hydrophilic. 
C)  hydrophobic. 
D)  basic. 
E)  acidic.

Question 3

Briefly describe how ATP is broken down and turned into ADP.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should include the

Question 4

If neutral atoms become positive ions, they

Accepted Answer

A)  gain electrons. 
B)  lose electrons. 
C)  gain protons. 
D)  lose protons. 
E)  do not change. 
A)  gain electrons. 
B)  lose electrons. 
C)  gain protons. 
D)  lose protons. 
E)  do not change.

Question 5

Determine what would happen to an individual's proteins if they developed a fever of 103o F for several days.

Accepted Answer

A)  The proteins would denature due to the increase in body temperature and would become unable to function correctly. 
B)  The proteins would increase in their ability to perform their functions because of the increase in body temperature. 
C)  Nothing would happen to the proteins as a result of the increase in temperature. 
D)  The proteins would denature due to the increase in body temperature and would increase in their ability to function correctly. 
E)  One protein would alter in shape, which would then cause the next protein to alter in shape which would cause a third protein to alter in shape and so forth until all of the proteins were altered in shape. 
A)  The proteins would denature due to the increase in body temperature and would become unable to function correctly. 
B)  The proteins would increase in their ability to perform their functions because of the increase in body temperature. 
C)  Nothing would happen to the proteins as a result of the increase in temperature. 
D)  The proteins would denature due to the increase in body temperature and would increase in their ability to function correctly. 
E)  One protein would alter in shape, which would then cause the next protein to alter in shape which would cause a third protein to alter in shape and so forth until all of the proteins were altered in shape.

Question 6

The chemical reactivity of an element is dependent on

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of protons. 
B)  the arrangement of neutrons. 
C)  the number of electrons in the outermost shell. 
D)  the number of protons and neutrons. 
E)  the number of electrons in the inner shell. 
A)  the number of protons. 
B)  the arrangement of neutrons. 
C)  the number of electrons in the outermost shell. 
D)  the number of protons and neutrons. 
E)  the number of electrons in the inner shell.

Question 7

Isotopes of a given element have

Accepted Answer

A)  the same number of protons but differ in atomic mass. 
B)  the same atomic mass but a different number of protons. 
C)  a different number of electrons. 
D)  the same number of protons and atomic mass. 
E)  the same number of neutrons. 
A)  the same number of protons but differ in atomic mass. 
B)  the same atomic mass but a different number of protons. 
C)  a different number of electrons. 
D)  the same number of protons and atomic mass. 
E)  the same number of neutrons.

Question 8

Hydrogen bonding produces which of the following properties of water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water boils at a lower temperature than expected. 
B)  Ice is less dense than liquid water. 
C)  Water absorbs heat with a large change in temperature. 
D)  Water releases heat with a large change in temperature. 
E)  Land areas with an abundance of water have more extreme temperatures than land areas that are lacking water. 
A)  Water boils at a lower temperature than expected. 
B)  Ice is less dense than liquid water. 
C)  Water absorbs heat with a large change in temperature. 
D)  Water releases heat with a large change in temperature. 
E)  Land areas with an abundance of water have more extreme temperatures than land areas that are lacking water.

Question 9

A long chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached, ending in the acidic group -COOH would be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  triglyceride. 
B)  amino acid. 
C)  fatty acid. 
D)  nucleic acid. 
E)  monosaccharide. 
A)  triglyceride. 
B)  amino acid. 
C)  fatty acid. 
D)  nucleic acid. 
E)  monosaccharide.

Question 10

When two glucose molecules combine, they form a disaccharide molecule and

Accepted Answer

A)  another glucose molecule. 
B)  another disaccharide molecule. 
C)  a dipeptide molecule. 
D)  a lipid molecule. 
E)  a water molecule. 
A)  another glucose molecule. 
B)  another disaccharide molecule. 
C)  a dipeptide molecule. 
D)  a lipid molecule. 
E)  a water molecule.

Question 11

Polar covalent bonds result from

Accepted Answer

A)  unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond. 
B)  equal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond. 
C)  equal sharing of electrons in an ionic bond. 
D)  unequal sharing of electrons in an ionic bond. 
E)  hydrogen bonding between molecules. 
A)  unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond. 
B)  equal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond. 
C)  equal sharing of electrons in an ionic bond. 
D)  unequal sharing of electrons in an ionic bond. 
E)  hydrogen bonding between molecules.

Question 12

Briefly describe the major functions of lipids in the human body.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary, but should include th

Question 13

The two isotopes shown below differ in the number of $${ } _ { 6 } ^ { 12 } \text { C } { } _ { 6 } ^ { 14 } \text { C }$$

Accepted Answer

A)  electrons. 
B)  protons. 
C)  neutrons. 
D)  carbon atoms. 
E)  ionic bonds. 
A)  electrons. 
B)  protons. 
C)  neutrons. 
D)  carbon atoms. 
E)  ionic bonds.

Question 14

The isotope shown below has $${ } _ { 6 } ^ { 14 } \mathrm { C }$$

Accepted Answer

A)  14 electrons. 
B)  6 neutrons. 
C)  8 protons. 
D)  8 neutrons. 
E)  8 electrons. 
A)  14 electrons. 
B)  6 neutrons. 
C)  8 protons. 
D)  8 neutrons. 
E)  8 electrons.

Question 15

Which of the following subatomic particles will be found orbiting the nucleus of the atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  protons and neutrons 
B)  only electrons 
C)  electrons and neutrons 
D)  only neutrons 
E)  only protons 
A)  protons and neutrons 
B)  only electrons 
C)  electrons and neutrons 
D)  only neutrons 
E)  only protons

Question 16

Calcium chloride, CaCl2, is an ionic compound in which

Accepted Answer

A)  one chlorine atom transferred an electron to the other chlorine atom. 
B)  each chlorine atom has lost electrons. 
C)  calcium has two extra electrons in its innermost shell. 
D)  calcium has gained two electrons. 
E)  calcium has lost two electrons. 
A)  one chlorine atom transferred an electron to the other chlorine atom. 
B)  each chlorine atom has lost electrons. 
C)  calcium has two extra electrons in its innermost shell. 
D)  calcium has gained two electrons. 
E)  calcium has lost two electrons.

Question 17

Maltose is classified as a

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid. 
B)  fatty acid. 
C)  protein. 
D)  carbohydrate. 
E)  lipid. 
A)  nucleic acid. 
B)  fatty acid. 
C)  protein. 
D)  carbohydrate. 
E)  lipid.

Question 18

The backbone of a nucleic acid strand is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  glycerol. 
B)  R groups. 
C)  nitrogenous bases. 
D)  alternating pentose sugars and phosphate groups. 
E)  alternating adenines and thymines. 
A)  glycerol. 
B)  R groups. 
C)  nitrogenous bases. 
D)  alternating pentose sugars and phosphate groups. 
E)  alternating adenines and thymines.

Question 19

If an element has an atomic number of 12, how many electrons are in its outermost shell?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  10 
C)  8 
D)  2 
E)  12 
A)  1 
B)  10 
C)  8 
D)  2 
E)  12

Question 20

During the formation of a polymer, two monomers are joined by the removal of

Accepted Answer

A)  OH and H. 
B)  OH and SH. 
C)  H and COH. 
D)  COOH and SH. 
E)  NHH and COOH. 
A)  OH and H. 
B)  OH and SH. 
C)  H and COH. 
D)  COOH and SH. 
E)  NHH and COOH.

Exam 2: The Molecules of Cells

Which of these combinations would be found in a nucleotide?

The water strider is an insect that skates across the water without sinking. The tips of its feet must be coated with molecules that are

Briefly describe how ATP is broken down and turned into ADP.

If neutral atoms become positive ions, they

Determine what would happen to an individual's proteins if they developed a fever of 103o F for several days.

The chemical reactivity of an element is dependent on

Isotopes of a given element have

Hydrogen bonding produces which of the following properties of water?

A long chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached, ending in the acidic group -COOH would be a(n)

When two glucose molecules combine, they form a disaccharide molecule and

Polar covalent bonds result from

Briefly describe the major functions of lipids in the human body.

The two isotopes shown below differ in the number of 612 C 614 C { } _ { 6 } ^ { 12 } \text { C } { } _ { 6 } ^ { 14 } \text { C }612​ C 614​ C

The isotope shown below has 614C{ } _ { 6 } ^ { 14 } \mathrm { C }614​C

Which of the following subatomic particles will be found orbiting the nucleus of the atom?

Calcium chloride, CaCl2, is an ionic compound in which

Maltose is classified as a

The backbone of a nucleic acid strand is composed of

If an element has an atomic number of 12, how many electrons are in its outermost shell?

During the formation of a polymer, two monomers are joined by the removal of

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Filters

Determine what would happen to an individual's proteins if they developed a fever of 103^o F for several days.

The two isotopes shown below differ in the number of ${ } _ { 6 } ^ { 12 } \text { C } { } _ { 6 } ^ { 14 } \text { C }$

The isotope shown below has ${ } _ { 6 } ^ { 14 } \mathrm { C }$

Calcium chloride, CaCl₂, is an ionic compound in which