Question 1

Which type of receptor found in the skin is comprised of free nerve endings?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature 
B)  Merkel disks 
C)  Krause end bulbs 
D)  Meissner corpuscles 
E)  Pacinian corpuscles 
A)  temperature 
B)  Merkel disks 
C)  Krause end bulbs 
D)  Meissner corpuscles 
E)  Pacinian corpuscles A

Question 2

A lack of hair cells within your inner ear would result in deafness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Interoceptors are regulated by a positive feedback mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

If light rays are not focused evenly on the retina, a fuzzy image is formed. This condition is called

Accepted Answer

A)  nearsightedness. 
B)  farsightedness. 
C)  astigmatism. 
D)  cataracts. 
E)  conduction deafness. 
A)  nearsightedness. 
B)  farsightedness. 
C)  astigmatism. 
D)  cataracts. 
E)  conduction deafness.

Question 5

What structures are responsible for detecting odor?

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor proteins on the olfactory cells 
B)  receptor lipids on the olfactory cells 
C)  receptor carbohydrates on the olfactory cells 
D)  receptor proteins on the sclera 
E)  receptor proteins on the ossicles 
A)  receptor proteins on the olfactory cells 
B)  receptor lipids on the olfactory cells 
C)  receptor carbohydrates on the olfactory cells 
D)  receptor proteins on the sclera 
E)  receptor proteins on the ossicles

Question 6

The sense of rotational equilibrium is accomplished by hair cells found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cochlear duct. 
B)  outer ear. 
C)  middle ear. 
D)  ampullae. 
E)  cochlea (organ of Corti). 
A)  cochlear duct. 
B)  outer ear. 
C)  middle ear. 
D)  ampullae. 
E)  cochlea (organ of Corti).

Question 7

What determines "loudness"?

Accepted Answer

A)  the wave frequency or number of vibrations per second 
B)  As the fluid in the cochlea vibrates with more force, the basilar membrane moves with greater force. 
C)  the number of hair cells that are stimulated 
D)  As the noise gets louder, the auditory tube expands. 
E)  The auditory cortex assigns greater volume to sounds coming from sources that are visually recognized as being louder. 
A)  the wave frequency or number of vibrations per second 
B)  As the fluid in the cochlea vibrates with more force, the basilar membrane moves with greater force. 
C)  the number of hair cells that are stimulated 
D)  As the noise gets louder, the auditory tube expands. 
E)  The auditory cortex assigns greater volume to sounds coming from sources that are visually recognized as being louder.

Question 8

Which type(s) of receptor is(are) found in the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  rods and cones 
B)  organ of Corti 
C)  muscle spindles 
D)  olfactory cells 
E)  hair cells in ampullae 
A)  rods and cones 
B)  organ of Corti 
C)  muscle spindles 
D)  olfactory cells 
E)  hair cells in ampullae

Question 9

Which taste receptors are capable of detecting certain amino acids, particularly glutamate?

Accepted Answer

A)  salty 
B)  umami 
C)  sour 
D)  sweet 
E)  bitter 
A)  salty 
B)  umami 
C)  sour 
D)  sweet 
E)  bitter

Question 10

Stereocilia on hair cells are involved in both our rotational and our gravitational sense of equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The order in which light reaches the lens of a human eye is

Accepted Answer

A)  pupil → cornea → aqueous humor → lens. 
B)  lens → aqueous humor → pupil → cornea. 
C)  cornea → aqueous humor → pupil → lens. 
D)  cornea → pupil → aqueous humor → lens. 
E)  cornea → vitreous humor → pupil → lens. 
A)  pupil → cornea → aqueous humor → lens. 
B)  lens → aqueous humor → pupil → cornea. 
C)  cornea → aqueous humor → pupil → lens. 
D)  cornea → pupil → aqueous humor → lens. 
E)  cornea → vitreous humor → pupil → lens.

Question 12

Color vision depends on three types of cones that contain pigments known as

Accepted Answer

A)  B, G, and R. 
B)  R, G, and O. 
C)  R, Y, and B. 
D)  R, W, and B. 
E)  G, B, and Y. 
A)  B, G, and R. 
B)  R, G, and O. 
C)  R, Y, and B. 
D)  R, W, and B. 
E)  G, B, and Y.

Question 13

Senses whose receptors are associated with the skin, muscles, joints, and viscera are called internal senses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

From what you currently know, in a spacecraft at a point of weightlessness, which effect is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rotational equilibrium would be lacking and you could not detect head movement. 
B)  Gravitational equilibrium would be altered since the otoliths would not be pulled down by gravity. 
C)  Without gravity, there would be no vertigo. 
D)  All balance systems would work similar to being on Earth with normal gravity. 
E)  There would be absolutely no sense of balance signals of either type without gravity. 
A)  Rotational equilibrium would be lacking and you could not detect head movement. 
B)  Gravitational equilibrium would be altered since the otoliths would not be pulled down by gravity. 
C)  Without gravity, there would be no vertigo. 
D)  All balance systems would work similar to being on Earth with normal gravity. 
E)  There would be absolutely no sense of balance signals of either type without gravity.

Question 15

Which of the following is a true statement about the rod photoreceptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  They contain the pigment rhodopsin. 
B)  They are functional only in dim light. 
C)  The stimulus formed results from the breakdown of rhodopsin. 
D)  They detect even the slightest motion. 
E)  All of the answer choices are true. 
A)  They contain the pigment rhodopsin. 
B)  They are functional only in dim light. 
C)  The stimulus formed results from the breakdown of rhodopsin. 
D)  They detect even the slightest motion. 
E)  All of the answer choices are true.

Question 16

It is very hot in the room but Jamie does not seem to notice. Her exteroreceptors have detected the heat and sent the message to her brain, but her brain has not correctly determined the message. What does Jamie have a problem with?

Accepted Answer

A)  exteroreceptors 
B)  detection 
C)  sensation 
D)  perception 
E)  thermoreceptors 
A)  exteroreceptors 
B)  detection 
C)  sensation 
D)  perception 
E)  thermoreceptors

Question 17

From your understanding of the anatomy of the ear, what is the most likely explanation for a dog's ability to hear higher frequencies (pitch)?

Accepted Answer

A)  more ear bones for greater amplification 
B)  larger outer ears 
C)  a thinner and therefore more sensitive tympanic membrane (eardrum) 
D)  a wider range to the tectorial membrane and hair cells 
E)  a more advanced brain section devoted to hearing 
A)  more ear bones for greater amplification 
B)  larger outer ears 
C)  a thinner and therefore more sensitive tympanic membrane (eardrum) 
D)  a wider range to the tectorial membrane and hair cells 
E)  a more advanced brain section devoted to hearing

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of sensory adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The act of trying to read a book while riding in a car causes eyestrain. 
B)  When it is totally dark, the rods and cones of the eyes do not send any visual impulses. 
C)  After the wound healed, the pain also went away. 
D)  You notice the smell of liver and onions cooking when you enter the kitchen, but soon you do not notice the odor although they are still cooking. 
E)  At first you did not like rock music but as you became older, you found you liked it. 
A)  The act of trying to read a book while riding in a car causes eyestrain. 
B)  When it is totally dark, the rods and cones of the eyes do not send any visual impulses. 
C)  After the wound healed, the pain also went away. 
D)  You notice the smell of liver and onions cooking when you enter the kitchen, but soon you do not notice the odor although they are still cooking. 
E)  At first you did not like rock music but as you became older, you found you liked it.

Question 19

How does the lens change shape when focusing on an image that is close?

Accepted Answer

A)  The lens becomes rounded in order to bring the image to focus on the retina. 
B)  The lens will flatten out in order to bring the image to focus on the retina. 
C)  The lens becomes rounded in order to bring the image to focus on the sclera. 
D)  The lens will flatten out in order to bring the image to focus on the sclera. 
E)  The lens does not change shape in order to focus on an image that is close up. 
A)  The lens becomes rounded in order to bring the image to focus on the retina. 
B)  The lens will flatten out in order to bring the image to focus on the retina. 
C)  The lens becomes rounded in order to bring the image to focus on the sclera. 
D)  The lens will flatten out in order to bring the image to focus on the sclera. 
E)  The lens does not change shape in order to focus on an image that is close up.

Question 20

Where are the photoreceptors of the eye located?

Accepted Answer

A)  retina 
B)  optic nerve 
C)  choroid layer 
D)  sclera 
E)  organ of Corti 
A)  retina 
B)  optic nerve 
C)  choroid layer 
D)  sclera 
E)  organ of Corti

Exam 18: Senses

Which type of receptor found in the skin is comprised of free nerve endings?

A lack of hair cells within your inner ear would result in deafness.

Interoceptors are regulated by a positive feedback mechanism.

If light rays are not focused evenly on the retina, a fuzzy image is formed. This condition is called

What structures are responsible for detecting odor?

The sense of rotational equilibrium is accomplished by hair cells found in the

What determines "loudness"?

Which type(s) of receptor is(are) found in the retina?

Which taste receptors are capable of detecting certain amino acids, particularly glutamate?

Stereocilia on hair cells are involved in both our rotational and our gravitational sense of equilibrium.

The order in which light reaches the lens of a human eye is

Color vision depends on three types of cones that contain pigments known as

Senses whose receptors are associated with the skin, muscles, joints, and viscera are called internal senses.

From what you currently know, in a spacecraft at a point of weightlessness, which effect is most likely?

Which of the following is a true statement about the rod photoreceptors?

It is very hot in the room but Jamie does not seem to notice. Her exteroreceptors have detected the heat and sent the message to her brain, but her brain has not correctly determined the message. What does Jamie have a problem with?

From your understanding of the anatomy of the ear, what is the most likely explanation for a dog's ability to hear higher frequencies (pitch)?

Which of the following is an example of sensory adaptation?

How does the lens change shape when focusing on an image that is close?

Where are the photoreceptors of the eye located?

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