Question 1

Hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  are generally released into interstitial fluid. 
B)  help regulate the function of all the body systems. 
C)  influence the metabolism of cells. 
D)  are an essential component of the body's response to stress. 
E)  All of the answer choices accurately describe hormones. 
A)  are generally released into interstitial fluid. 
B)  help regulate the function of all the body systems. 
C)  influence the metabolism of cells. 
D)  are an essential component of the body's response to stress. 
E)  All of the answer choices accurately describe hormones. E

Question 2

In the following pairs, which lists the first messenger followed by a second messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin; glucagon 
B)  ACTH; cortisol 
C)  TSH; thyroxin 
D)  glucose; insulin 
E)  peptide hormone; cAMP 
A)  insulin; glucagon 
B)  ACTH; cortisol 
C)  TSH; thyroxin 
D)  glucose; insulin 
E)  peptide hormone; cAMP E

Question 3

Which of the following hormones is considered a mineralcorticoid?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  insulin 
C)  thyroxin 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  parathyroid hormone 
A)  cortisol 
B)  insulin 
C)  thyroxin 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  parathyroid hormone D

Question 4

In the past, the parathyroid glands were sometimes mistakenly removed during surgery when another part of the body was removed. Which part was intended to be removed?

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid 
B)  tonsils 
C)  adenoids 
D)  appendix 
E)  uterus 
A)  thyroid 
B)  tonsils 
C)  adenoids 
D)  appendix 
E)  uterus

Question 5

The thyroid is in the abdomen, on top of the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

List the six hormones produced by the anterior pituitary and indicate their primary function.

Accepted Answer

1. Thyroid-stimulating hormone: stimulat

Question 7

Which statement is correct about PTH?

Accepted Answer

A)  When calcium level rises, PTH secretion is activated. 
B)  When calcium level lowers, PTH secretion is stimulated. 
C)  PTH has the same effect as calcitonin. 
D)  PTH inhibits calcium absorption from the gut. 
E)  PTH decreases the activity of osteoclasts. 
A)  When calcium level rises, PTH secretion is activated. 
B)  When calcium level lowers, PTH secretion is stimulated. 
C)  PTH has the same effect as calcitonin. 
D)  PTH inhibits calcium absorption from the gut. 
E)  PTH decreases the activity of osteoclasts.

Question 8

Aspirin interferes with the synthesis of which molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  leptin 
B)  growth factors 
C)  prostaglandins 
D)  melatonin 
E)  thymosins 
A)  leptin 
B)  growth factors 
C)  prostaglandins 
D)  melatonin 
E)  thymosins

Question 9

The part of the brain controlling the anterior pituitary gland secretions is the

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  cerebral cortex. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
E)  cerebellum. 
A)  medulla. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  cerebral cortex. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
E)  cerebellum.

Question 10

Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

A)  are distributed by blood like other hormones. 
B)  cause muscles to relax. 
C)  alleviate pain. 
D)  are proteins produced in the brain. 
E)  act locally. 
A)  are distributed by blood like other hormones. 
B)  cause muscles to relax. 
C)  alleviate pain. 
D)  are proteins produced in the brain. 
E)  act locally.

Question 11

The beta cells of the pancreas produce somatostatin, the alpha cells produce glucagon, and the delta cells produce insulin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which group of pituitary hormones will act upon other endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

A)  TSH, ACTH, and gonadotropic hormones 
B)  TSH, ADH, and gonadotropic hormones 
C)  oxytocin, ACTH, and gonadotropic hormones 
D)  ADH, oxytocin, and gonadotropic hormones 
E)  PRL, MSH, and gonadotropic hormones 
A)  TSH, ACTH, and gonadotropic hormones 
B)  TSH, ADH, and gonadotropic hormones 
C)  oxytocin, ACTH, and gonadotropic hormones 
D)  ADH, oxytocin, and gonadotropic hormones 
E)  PRL, MSH, and gonadotropic hormones

Question 13

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of someone with Addison disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  cells unable to take up glucose 
B)  increased breakdown of fats and protein 
C)  frequent urination 
D)  sugar in the urine 
E)  bronzing of the skin 
A)  cells unable to take up glucose 
B)  increased breakdown of fats and protein 
C)  frequent urination 
D)  sugar in the urine 
E)  bronzing of the skin

Question 14

The role of the second messenger is to carry the message of the hormone on to surrounding cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which hormone is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroxin-thyroid 
B)  parathyroid-calcium 
C)  insulin-glucose 
D)  aldosterone-iodine 
E)  thymus-thymosin 
A)  thyroxin-thyroid 
B)  parathyroid-calcium 
C)  insulin-glucose 
D)  aldosterone-iodine 
E)  thymus-thymosin

Question 16

What is an endocrine function of the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pancreas secretes glucagon that stimulates the liver to break down glycogen to glucose. 
B)  The pancreas secretes glucagon that stimulates the liver to break down glucose into glycogen. 
C)  The pancreas secretes digestive juices into the small intestine. 
D)  The pancreas secretes digestive juices into the stomach. 
E)  The pancreas secretes digestive juices into the large intestine. 
A)  The pancreas secretes glucagon that stimulates the liver to break down glycogen to glucose. 
B)  The pancreas secretes glucagon that stimulates the liver to break down glucose into glycogen. 
C)  The pancreas secretes digestive juices into the small intestine. 
D)  The pancreas secretes digestive juices into the stomach. 
E)  The pancreas secretes digestive juices into the large intestine.

Question 17

Where are the adrenal glands located?

Accepted Answer

A)  near the thyroid gland 
B)  near the kidneys 
C)  near the posterior pituitary 
D)  near the pancreas 
E)  near the gonads 
A)  near the thyroid gland 
B)  near the kidneys 
C)  near the posterior pituitary 
D)  near the pancreas 
E)  near the gonads

Question 18

Leptin, growth factors, and prostaglandins are hormones produced in places other than the "glands."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The hypothalamus controls the anterior pituitary via

Accepted Answer

A)  nerve stimulation. 
B)  blood osmotic concentrations. 
C)  blood glucose concentrations. 
D)  sending hormones through a portal system. 
E)  ACTH. 
A)  nerve stimulation. 
B)  blood osmotic concentrations. 
C)  blood glucose concentrations. 
D)  sending hormones through a portal system. 
E)  ACTH.

Question 20

In contrast to most other hormones, oxytocin has what unique property?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxytocin only has one effect on one tissue. 
B)  Oxytocin is a sex hormone found in equal amounts in both males and females. 
C)  The action of oxytocin builds in a positive feedback loop, rather than maintaining an equilibrium. 
D)  Oxytocin affects all cells in the human body, not just one target tissue. 
E)  Oxytocin is produced by the embryo and transferred across the placenta to the mother. 
A)  Oxytocin only has one effect on one tissue. 
B)  Oxytocin is a sex hormone found in equal amounts in both males and females. 
C)  The action of oxytocin builds in a positive feedback loop, rather than maintaining an equilibrium. 
D)  Oxytocin affects all cells in the human body, not just one target tissue. 
E)  Oxytocin is produced by the embryo and transferred across the placenta to the mother.

Exam 20: Endocrine System

Hormones

In the following pairs, which lists the first messenger followed by a second messenger?

Which of the following hormones is considered a mineralcorticoid?

In the past, the parathyroid glands were sometimes mistakenly removed during surgery when another part of the body was removed. Which part was intended to be removed?

The thyroid is in the abdomen, on top of the kidneys.

List the six hormones produced by the anterior pituitary and indicate their primary function.

Which statement is correct about PTH?

Aspirin interferes with the synthesis of which molecule?

The part of the brain controlling the anterior pituitary gland secretions is the

Prostaglandins

The beta cells of the pancreas produce somatostatin, the alpha cells produce glucagon, and the delta cells produce insulin.

Which group of pituitary hormones will act upon other endocrine glands?

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of someone with Addison disease?

The role of the second messenger is to carry the message of the hormone on to surrounding cells.

Which hormone is mismatched?

What is an endocrine function of the pancreas?

Where are the adrenal glands located?

Leptin, growth factors, and prostaglandins are hormones produced in places other than the "glands."

The hypothalamus controls the anterior pituitary via

In contrast to most other hormones, oxytocin has what unique property?

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