Question 1

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The end product of glycolysis is acetyl CoA. 
B)  The citric acid cycle begins and ends with pyruvate. 
C)  NADH2 will eventually produce three ATP molecules. 
D)  The aerobic respiration of glucose has one phase. 
E)  Aerobic respiration uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. 
A)  The end product of glycolysis is acetyl CoA. 
B)  The citric acid cycle begins and ends with pyruvate. 
C)  NADH2 will eventually produce three ATP molecules. 
D)  The aerobic respiration of glucose has one phase. 
E)  Aerobic respiration uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. C

Question 2

An acetyl group contains how many carbons?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
E)  six 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
E)  six B

Question 3

Fermentation is inefficient in using the energy found in food molecules and the resulting alcohol can be toxic to the organism producing it. Which of the following is a reason why an organism would utilize fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fermentation helps to recycle NAD+ molecules and allows glycolysis to proceed with ATP production. 
B)  The organism can survive short spells of anaerobic conditions and maintain growth and reproduction. 
C)  Fermentation can provide a rapid burst of ATP since it does not have to go through the full breakdown cycle. 
D)  For very small organisms, fermentation can be a simple process and is less complicated than cellular respiration. 
E)  All of the answer choices are reasons organisms would utilize fermentation. 
A)  Fermentation helps to recycle NAD+ molecules and allows glycolysis to proceed with ATP production. 
B)  The organism can survive short spells of anaerobic conditions and maintain growth and reproduction. 
C)  Fermentation can provide a rapid burst of ATP since it does not have to go through the full breakdown cycle. 
D)  For very small organisms, fermentation can be a simple process and is less complicated than cellular respiration. 
E)  All of the answer choices are reasons organisms would utilize fermentation. E

Question 4

Cellular respiration is organized into four phases so that

Accepted Answer

A)  the energy within the glucose molecule can be released in a stepwise fashion. 
B)  it can take place within different cells. 
C)  most of the energy can be released as body heat. 
D)  oxidation can occur without reduction. 
E)  the body can make energy from different substrates. 
A)  the energy within the glucose molecule can be released in a stepwise fashion. 
B)  it can take place within different cells. 
C)  most of the energy can be released as body heat. 
D)  oxidation can occur without reduction. 
E)  the body can make energy from different substrates.

Question 5

All of the ATP molecules formed by the complete oxidation of glucose result from the electron transfer chain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The molecule that is found at the beginning and end of the citric acid cycle is

Accepted Answer

A)  a C4 molecule. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  lactate. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  RuBP. 
A)  a C4 molecule. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  lactate. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  RuBP.

Question 7

Which pathway in cellular respiration will produce ATP, NADH2, and carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis 
B)  preparatory reaction 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  electron transport chain 
E)  photosynthesis 
A)  glycolysis 
B)  preparatory reaction 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  electron transport chain 
E)  photosynthesis

Question 8

Which of the following is a substrate of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  water 
C)  glucose 
D)  ATP 
E)  energy 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  water 
C)  glucose 
D)  ATP 
E)  energy

Question 9

What role does NAD+ play in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an electron carrier. 
B)  It produces the ATP. 
C)  It is an enzyme. 
D)  It provides the oxygen. 
E)  It provides the energy. 
A)  It is an electron carrier. 
B)  It produces the ATP. 
C)  It is an enzyme. 
D)  It provides the oxygen. 
E)  It provides the energy.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycolysis results in the release of carbon dioxide. 
B)  Glycolysis is a cyclical reaction. 
C)  Glycolysis is a reduction reaction where only glucose is reduced. 
D)  Glycolysis occurs twice per glucose molecule. 
E)  Glycolysis breaks glucose down to two pyruvate molecules. 
A)  Glycolysis results in the release of carbon dioxide. 
B)  Glycolysis is a cyclical reaction. 
C)  Glycolysis is a reduction reaction where only glucose is reduced. 
D)  Glycolysis occurs twice per glucose molecule. 
E)  Glycolysis breaks glucose down to two pyruvate molecules.

Question 11

Which stage(s) will produce carbon dioxide in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis 
B)  preparatory reaction 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  both glycolysis and the electron transport chain 
E)  both the preparatory reaction and the citric acid cycle 
A)  glycolysis 
B)  preparatory reaction 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  both glycolysis and the electron transport chain 
E)  both the preparatory reaction and the citric acid cycle

Question 12

Fermentation follows glycolysis in some cells if oxygen is not available.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

How efficient is the breakdown of one glucose molecule via cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  100% 
B)  58% 
C)  39% 
D)  20% 
E)  less than 10% 
A)  100% 
B)  58% 
C)  39% 
D)  20% 
E)  less than 10%

Question 14

If the carbons from glucose were radioactively labeled, which molecule(s) will ultimately end up with the label?

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvate 
B)  citric acid 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  NAD+ 
E)  pyruvate and carbon dioxide 
A)  pyruvate 
B)  citric acid 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  NAD+ 
E)  pyruvate and carbon dioxide

Question 15

Which of the following results from the lactate accumulation in the muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  It triggers ongoing heavier breathing to provide further oxygen for the muscles. 
B)  Much of the lactate is transported to the liver, where it is converted to pyruvate. 
C)  Some lactate converted to pyruvate is converted back to glucose. 
D)  Some lactate converted to pyruvate is then completely broken down. 
E)  All of the answer choices are accurate statements about the accumulation of lactate in muscle cells. 
A)  It triggers ongoing heavier breathing to provide further oxygen for the muscles. 
B)  Much of the lactate is transported to the liver, where it is converted to pyruvate. 
C)  Some lactate converted to pyruvate is converted back to glucose. 
D)  Some lactate converted to pyruvate is then completely broken down. 
E)  All of the answer choices are accurate statements about the accumulation of lactate in muscle cells.

Question 16

The largest number of ATP molecules is produced in which phase of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis 
B)  preparation reaction 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  electron transport chain 
E)  Calvin cycle 
A)  glycolysis 
B)  preparation reaction 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  electron transport chain 
E)  Calvin cycle

Question 17

Why do organisms without oxygen need to convert pyruvate to lactate?

Accepted Answer

A)  in order to regenerate NAD+ 
B)  because lactate is needed to produce ATP 
C)  because pyruvate is toxic to the cells 
D)  in order to use lactate in the citric acid cycle 
E)  because the conversion provides much more ATP for the cell 
A)  in order to regenerate NAD+ 
B)  because lactate is needed to produce ATP 
C)  because pyruvate is toxic to the cells 
D)  in order to use lactate in the citric acid cycle 
E)  because the conversion provides much more ATP for the cell

Question 18

Glycolysis is linked to the citric acid cycle when oxygen is not available.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Why does chemiosmosis require a membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  to anchor proteins within the mitochondria 
B)  because the phospholipids are involved in the electron transport chain 
C)  to separate two compartments of the cell to allow for gradient formation 
D)  to generate H+ from water 
E)  to provide a large surface area 
A)  to anchor proteins within the mitochondria 
B)  because the phospholipids are involved in the electron transport chain 
C)  to separate two compartments of the cell to allow for gradient formation 
D)  to generate H+ from water 
E)  to provide a large surface area

Question 20

Which of the following describes the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  It accepts two electrons plus a hydrogen ion. 
B)  It is a product of the citric acid cycle. 
C)  It is a product of glycolysis. 
D)  It is oxidized. 
E)  It provides the energy for the reaction. 
A)  It accepts two electrons plus a hydrogen ion. 
B)  It is a product of the citric acid cycle. 
C)  It is a product of glycolysis. 
D)  It is oxidized. 
E)  It provides the energy for the reaction.

Exam 7: Cellular Respiration

Which of the following statements is true?

An acetyl group contains how many carbons?

Fermentation is inefficient in using the energy found in food molecules and the resulting alcohol can be toxic to the organism producing it. Which of the following is a reason why an organism would utilize fermentation?

Cellular respiration is organized into four phases so that

All of the ATP molecules formed by the complete oxidation of glucose result from the electron transfer chain.

The molecule that is found at the beginning and end of the citric acid cycle is

Which pathway in cellular respiration will produce ATP, NADH2, and carbon dioxide?

Which of the following is a substrate of cellular respiration?

What role does NAD+ play in cellular respiration?

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?

Which stage(s) will produce carbon dioxide in cellular respiration?

Fermentation follows glycolysis in some cells if oxygen is not available.

How efficient is the breakdown of one glucose molecule via cellular respiration?

If the carbons from glucose were radioactively labeled, which molecule(s) will ultimately end up with the label?

Which of the following results from the lactate accumulation in the muscles?

The largest number of ATP molecules is produced in which phase of cellular respiration?

Why do organisms without oxygen need to convert pyruvate to lactate?

Glycolysis is linked to the citric acid cycle when oxygen is not available.

Why does chemiosmosis require a membrane?

Which of the following describes the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

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Which pathway in cellular respiration will produce ATP, NADH₂, and carbon dioxide?

What role does NAD⁺ play in cellular respiration?

Which of the following describes the role of NAD⁺ in cellular respiration?