Question 1

Enkephalins produce presynaptic inhibition in neurons transmitting pain signals. Increased levels of enkephalins will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase awareness of pain. 
B)  decrease awareness of pain. 
C)  increase amount of pain. 
D)  decrease amount of pain. 
E)  have no effect on awareness or amount of pain. 
A)  increase awareness of pain. 
B)  decrease awareness of pain. 
C)  increase amount of pain. 
D)  decrease amount of pain. 
E)  have no effect on awareness or amount of pain.

Question 2

The nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)  monitors internal and external stimuli. 
B)  transmits information in the form of action potentials. 
C)  interprets or assesses information. 
D)  maintains homeostasis. 
E)  All of these choices are correct. 
A)  monitors internal and external stimuli. 
B)  transmits information in the form of action potentials. 
C)  interprets or assesses information. 
D)  maintains homeostasis. 
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 3

Match the term with the correct definition.
-depolarization

Accepted Answer

A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential 
A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential

Question 4

The motor (efferent) division of the peripheral nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)  is a division of the CNS. 
B)  regulates the digestion of food. 
C)  transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscle. 
D)  has nerve cell bodies located in ganglia near the spinal cord and brain. 
E)  detects a stimulus. 
A)  is a division of the CNS. 
B)  regulates the digestion of food. 
C)  transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscle. 
D)  has nerve cell bodies located in ganglia near the spinal cord and brain. 
E)  detects a stimulus.

Question 5

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-requires ATP

Accepted Answer

A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels 
A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels

Question 6

Why isn't an action potential transmitted from a postsynaptic membrane to a presynaptic terminal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Presynaptic terminals have no acetylcholine receptors. 
B)  Presynaptic neurons do not have a resting membrane potential. 
C)  Acetylcholine can only diffuse in one direction across the synaptic cleft. 
D)  Synaptic vesicles in the postsynaptic membrane are inactive. 
E)  Acetylcholine is destroyed too fast. 
A)  Presynaptic terminals have no acetylcholine receptors. 
B)  Presynaptic neurons do not have a resting membrane potential. 
C)  Acetylcholine can only diffuse in one direction across the synaptic cleft. 
D)  Synaptic vesicles in the postsynaptic membrane are inactive. 
E)  Acetylcholine is destroyed too fast.

Question 7

Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is

Accepted Answer

A)  from node to node on a myelinated axon. 
B)  on a small diameter axon. 
C)  on an unmyelinated axon. 
D)  from internode to internode. 
E)  from internode to node on a myelinated axon. 
A)  from node to node on a myelinated axon. 
B)  on a small diameter axon. 
C)  on an unmyelinated axon. 
D)  from internode to internode. 
E)  from internode to node on a myelinated axon.

Question 8

Most unipolar neurons are ____________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most unipolar neurons are ____________ neurons....

Question 9

Match the term with the correct definition.
-Action Potential

Accepted Answer

A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential 
A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential

Question 10

The enteric nervous system consists of plexuses within the walls of the

Accepted Answer

A)  brain. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  digestive tract. 
D)  urinary bladder. 
A)  brain. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  digestive tract. 
D)  urinary bladder.

Question 11

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells....

Question 12

Local hyperpolarization in a synapse is called a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)  excitatory postsynaptic potential. 
B)  resting membrane potential. 
C)  inhibitory postsynaptic potential. 
D)  gap junction potential. 
E)  action potential. 
A)  excitatory postsynaptic potential. 
B)  resting membrane potential. 
C)  inhibitory postsynaptic potential. 
D)  gap junction potential. 
E)  action potential.

Question 13

Depolarization of the nerve cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow) of

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium ions. 
B)  chloride ions. 
C)  calcium ions. 
D)  sodium ions. 
E)  proteins. 
A)  potassium ions. 
B)  chloride ions. 
C)  calcium ions. 
D)  sodium ions. 
E)  proteins.

Question 14

Cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system are located in

Accepted Answer

A)  ganglia. 
B)  Schwann cells. 
C)  the motor division. 
D)  the sensory division. 
E)  nerves. 
A)  ganglia. 
B)  Schwann cells. 
C)  the motor division. 
D)  the sensory division. 
E)  nerves.

Question 15

Gray matter has little myelination, whereas white matter has abundant myelination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

-The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse. What does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  postsynaptic membrane 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  synaptic vesicle 
D)  voltage-gated calcium channel 
E)  presynaptic terminal 
A)  postsynaptic membrane 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  synaptic vesicle 
D)  voltage-gated calcium channel 
E)  presynaptic terminal

Question 17

Receptor molecules

Accepted Answer

A)  are nonspecific. 
B)  are always lipids. 
C)  attach to the synaptic cleft. 
D)  determine whether a neurotransmitter will be excitatory or inhibitory. 
E)  are not attached to ligand-gated channels. 
A)  are nonspecific. 
B)  are always lipids. 
C)  attach to the synaptic cleft. 
D)  determine whether a neurotransmitter will be excitatory or inhibitory. 
E)  are not attached to ligand-gated channels.

Question 18

Which of the following statements accurately describe events that occur as a result of a local potential reaching threshold?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to close. 
B)  Inactivation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to open. 
C)  A positive feedback cycle develops in which depolarization causes activation gates of Na+ ion channels to open. 
D)  K+ ion channels begin to close. 
E)  Inactivation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to open and a positive feedback cycle develops in which depolarization causes activation gates of Na+ ion channels to open. 
A)  Activation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to close. 
B)  Inactivation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to open. 
C)  A positive feedback cycle develops in which depolarization causes activation gates of Na+ ion channels to open. 
D)  K+ ion channels begin to close. 
E)  Inactivation gates of Na+ ion channels begin to open and a positive feedback cycle develops in which depolarization causes activation gates of Na+ ion channels to open.

Question 19

When two action potentials arrive simultaneously at two different presynaptic terminals that synapse with the same postsynaptic neuron,

Accepted Answer

A)  the direction of the action potential is reversed. 
B)  temporal summation occurs. 
C)  spatial summation occurs. 
D)  hyperpolarization occurs. 
E)  threshold is never reached. 
A)  the direction of the action potential is reversed. 
B)  temporal summation occurs. 
C)  spatial summation occurs. 
D)  hyperpolarization occurs. 
E)  threshold is never reached.

Question 20

Which of the following events is NOT a characteristic of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  The plasma membrane becomes highly permeable to sodium ions and depolarization results. 
B)  As sodium ions enter, the inside of the plasma membrane becomes more negative. 
C)  At the peak of depolarization, sodium channels begin to close and potassium channels open. 
D)  In repolarization, potassium ions flow out of the cell. 
E)  Action potentials occur according to the all-or-none principle. 
A)  The plasma membrane becomes highly permeable to sodium ions and depolarization results. 
B)  As sodium ions enter, the inside of the plasma membrane becomes more negative. 
C)  At the peak of depolarization, sodium channels begin to close and potassium channels open. 
D)  In repolarization, potassium ions flow out of the cell. 
E)  Action potentials occur according to the all-or-none principle.

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Enkephalins produce presynaptic inhibition in neurons transmitting pain signals. Increased levels of enkephalins will

The nervous system

Match the term with the correct definition. -depolarization

The motor (efferent) division of the peripheral nervous system

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -requires ATP

Why isn't an action potential transmitted from a postsynaptic membrane to a presynaptic terminal?

Action potentials are conducted more rapidly when transmission is

Most unipolar neurons are ____________ neurons.

Match the term with the correct definition. -Action Potential

The enteric nervous system consists of plexuses within the walls of the

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ____________ cells.

Local hyperpolarization in a synapse is called a(an)

Depolarization of the nerve cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow) of

Cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system are located in

Gray matter has little myelination, whereas white matter has abundant myelination.

-The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse. What does "E" represent?

Receptor molecules

Which of the following statements accurately describe events that occur as a result of a local potential reaching threshold?

When two action potentials arrive simultaneously at two different presynaptic terminals that synapse with the same postsynaptic neuron,

Which of the following events is NOT a characteristic of an action potential?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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