Question 1

What factors are responsible for the decrease in the volume of the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

A)  compliance and lung recoil 
B)  lung recoil and surface tension of water 
C)  compliance and surface tension of water 
D)  perfusion and lung recoil 
A)  compliance and lung recoil 
B)  lung recoil and surface tension of water 
C)  compliance and surface tension of water 
D)  perfusion and lung recoil

Question 2

A patient has severe pneumonia, which has thickened the respiratory membrane. Despite oxygen therapy, he still has rapid respiration and feels as if he is not getting enough air. This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  the oxygen increases the stimulation of the carotid and aortic bodies. 
B)  the oxygen stimulates the respiratory center to increase the respiratory rate. 
C)  his blood pH increased and stimulated an increase in his respiratory rate. 
D)  even though he is receiving enough oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions accumulate in his blood and cause the respiratory rate to continue to increase. 
E)  oxygen cannot diffuse across the thickened membrane. 
A)  the oxygen increases the stimulation of the carotid and aortic bodies. 
B)  the oxygen stimulates the respiratory center to increase the respiratory rate. 
C)  his blood pH increased and stimulated an increase in his respiratory rate. 
D)  even though he is receiving enough oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions accumulate in his blood and cause the respiratory rate to continue to increase. 
E)  oxygen cannot diffuse across the thickened membrane.

Question 3

Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than is oxygen. Which gas has the higher rate of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  oxygen 
C)  Both will have the same rate of diffusion 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  oxygen 
C)  Both will have the same rate of diffusion

Question 4

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition.
-residual volume
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes 
B) volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes 
E) the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume 
A) sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes 
B) volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes 
E) the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume

Question 5

A baby holding its breath will

Accepted Answer

A)  be termed a "blue baby". 
B)  have brain cells damaged because of low blood oxygen levels. 
C)  suffer heart damage because of increased pressure in the aorta. 
D)  automatically start to breathe when the CO2 levels in the blood reach a high enough value. 
E)  automatically start to breathe when oxygen levels decrease slightly. 
A)  be termed a "blue baby". 
B)  have brain cells damaged because of low blood oxygen levels. 
C)  suffer heart damage because of increased pressure in the aorta. 
D)  automatically start to breathe when the CO2 levels in the blood reach a high enough value. 
E)  automatically start to breathe when oxygen levels decrease slightly.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a respiratory adaptation to exercise training?

Accepted Answer

A)  vital capacity increases 
B)  tidal volume at maximal exercise will increase 
C)  increased minute ventilation after training 
D)  after training, respiratory rate at rest is lower 
A)  vital capacity increases 
B)  tidal volume at maximal exercise will increase 
C)  increased minute ventilation after training 
D)  after training, respiratory rate at rest is lower

Question 7

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchitis - inflammation of the bronchi 
B)  emphysema - destruction of the alveolar walls 
C)  pulmonary fibrosis - loss of elastic recoil in the lung 
D)  cystic fibrosis - replacement of lung tissue with fibrous connective tissue 
E)  smokers - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 
A)  bronchitis - inflammation of the bronchi 
B)  emphysema - destruction of the alveolar walls 
C)  pulmonary fibrosis - loss of elastic recoil in the lung 
D)  cystic fibrosis - replacement of lung tissue with fibrous connective tissue 
E)  smokers - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 8

The ring of cartilage that forms the base of the larynx is the

Accepted Answer

A)  epiglottis. 
B)  thyroid cartilage. 
C)  cricoid cartilage. 
D)  arytenoid cartilage. 
E)  cuneiform cartilage. 
A)  epiglottis. 
B)  thyroid cartilage. 
C)  cricoid cartilage. 
D)  arytenoid cartilage. 
E)  cuneiform cartilage.

Question 9

The Hering-Breuer reflex

Accepted Answer

A)  causes erratic respirations. 
B)  helps prevent overinflation of the lungs. 
C)  has its sensory components in the sympathetic nerves. 
D)  is a normal response to increased oxygen content in the blood. 
E)  limits how much air a person can expire. 
A)  causes erratic respirations. 
B)  helps prevent overinflation of the lungs. 
C)  has its sensory components in the sympathetic nerves. 
D)  is a normal response to increased oxygen content in the blood. 
E)  limits how much air a person can expire.

Question 10

Which of the following laryngeal cartilages are paired? (1) epiglottis
(2) thyroid cartilage
(3) corniculate cartilage
(4) arytenoid cartilage
(5) cuneiform cartilage
(6) cricoid cartilage

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 6 
B)  3, 5, 6 
C)  2, 4, 5 
D)  3, 4, 5 
E)  2, 3, 4 
A)  1, 2, 6 
B)  3, 5, 6 
C)  2, 4, 5 
D)  3, 4, 5 
E)  2, 3, 4

Question 11

-What does "C" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  larynx 
B)  lungs 
C)  trachea 
D)  pharynx 
E)  bronchi 
A)  larynx 
B)  lungs 
C)  trachea 
D)  pharynx 
E)  bronchi

Question 12

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition.
-expiratory reserve volume
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes 
B) volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes 
E) the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume 
A) sum of the inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, tidal, and residual volumes 
B) volume of air inspired during a normal inspiration 
C) volume of air remaining in lungs after the most forceful expiration 
D) sum of the expiratory reserve, inspiratory reserve, and tidal volumes 
E) the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the normal tidal volume

Question 13

Contraction of the _______ will increase the superior-inferior dimension of the thoracic cavity.

Accepted Answer

A)  rectus abdominis 
B)  internal intercostals 
C)  diaphragm 
D)  external intercostals 
E)  sternocleidomastoid 
A)  rectus abdominis 
B)  internal intercostals 
C)  diaphragm 
D)  external intercostals 
E)  sternocleidomastoid

Question 14

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged across the respiratory membrane by the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport. 
B)  diffusion. 
C)  filtration. 
D)  osmosis. 
E)  cotransport. 
A)  active transport. 
B)  diffusion. 
C)  filtration. 
D)  osmosis. 
E)  cotransport.

Question 15

Mr. Huff and Puff is getting ready to blow up a pool float because he can't find the air pump. He takes a big breath in after exhaling normally. The air he takes in is the

Accepted Answer

A)  inspiratory reserve volume. 
B)  vital capacity. 
C)  inspiratory capacity. 
D)  tidal volume. 
A)  inspiratory reserve volume. 
B)  vital capacity. 
C)  inspiratory capacity. 
D)  tidal volume.

Question 16

The Bohr effect refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanism involved in diffusion of nitrogen into the blood. 
B)  physical laws governing the solubility of gases in fluids. 
C)  effect of pH on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve. 
D)  chemical equilibrium between carbonic acid and bicarbonate in the blood. 
E)  effect of temperature on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve. 
A)  mechanism involved in diffusion of nitrogen into the blood. 
B)  physical laws governing the solubility of gases in fluids. 
C)  effect of pH on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve. 
D)  chemical equilibrium between carbonic acid and bicarbonate in the blood. 
E)  effect of temperature on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.

Question 17

Use the following two choices.
-increase in body temperature

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left 
A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left

Question 18

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description.
-uvula
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity 
A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity

Question 19

Use the following two choices.
-increase in pH

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left 
A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left

Question 20

Of the following structures, the largest in diameter is the

Accepted Answer

A)  primary bronchus. 
B)  secondary bronchus. 
C)  respiratory bronchiole. 
D)  trachea. 
E)  tertiary bronchus. 
A)  primary bronchus. 
B)  secondary bronchus. 
C)  respiratory bronchiole. 
D)  trachea. 
E)  tertiary bronchus.

Exam 23: Respiratory System

What factors are responsible for the decrease in the volume of the alveoli?

A patient has severe pneumonia, which has thickened the respiratory membrane. Despite oxygen therapy, he still has rapid respiration and feels as if he is not getting enough air. This is because

Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than is oxygen. Which gas has the higher rate of diffusion?

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition. -residual volume "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

A baby holding its breath will

Which of the following is NOT a respiratory adaptation to exercise training?

Which of the following is mismatched?

The ring of cartilage that forms the base of the larynx is the

The Hering-Breuer reflex

Which of the following laryngeal cartilages are paired? (1) epiglottis (2) thyroid cartilage (3) corniculate cartilage (4) arytenoid cartilage (5) cuneiform cartilage (6) cricoid cartilage

-What does "C" represent on the diagram?

Match the term with the appropriate description or definition. -expiratory reserve volume "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Contraction of the _______ will increase the superior-inferior dimension of the thoracic cavity.

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged across the respiratory membrane by the process of

Mr. Huff and Puff is getting ready to blow up a pool float because he can't find the air pump. He takes a big breath in after exhaling normally. The air he takes in is the

The Bohr effect refers to the

Use the following two choices. -increase in body temperature

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description. -uvula "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Use the following two choices. -increase in pH

Of the following structures, the largest in diameter is the

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