Question 1

-The diagram illustrates the major regulatory mechanisms of ventilation. What mechanism does "D" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hering-Breuer reflex 
B)  receptors for touch, temperature, pain stimuli 
C)  medullary chemoreceptors 
D)  carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors 
E)  proprioceptors 
A)  Hering-Breuer reflex 
B)  receptors for touch, temperature, pain stimuli 
C)  medullary chemoreceptors 
D)  carotid and aortic body chemoreceptors 
E)  proprioceptors

Question 2

Which of the following events in the chloride shift occurs last?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide diffuses into a red blood cell. 
B)  Carbonic acid dissociates to form bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. 
C)  Bicarbonate ions diffuse into the plasma. 
D)  CO2 and H2O $\rightarrow$ H2CO3 
E)  Carbonic acid dissociates to form water and carbon dioxide. 
A)  Carbon dioxide diffuses into a red blood cell. 
B)  Carbonic acid dissociates to form bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. 
C)  Bicarbonate ions diffuse into the plasma. 
D)  CO2 and H2O $\rightarrow$ H2CO3 
E)  Carbonic acid dissociates to form water and carbon dioxide.

Question 3

From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli. 
B)  bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli. 
C)  alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi. 
D)  bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli. 
E)  terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli. 
A)  bronchi, bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, alveoli. 
B)  bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli. 
C)  alveoli, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi. 
D)  bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli. 
E)  terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli.

Question 4

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description.
-nasopharynx
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity 
A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity

Question 5

Oxygenated blood is carried to the tissues of the lungs via the

Accepted Answer

A)  pulmonary veins. 
B)  bronchial arteries. 
C)  pulmonary artery. 
D)  abdominal aorta. 
E)  pleural arteries. 
A)  pulmonary veins. 
B)  bronchial arteries. 
C)  pulmonary artery. 
D)  abdominal aorta. 
E)  pleural arteries.

Question 6

Use the following key to determine the best answer.
-(1) PO2 of arterial blood;
(2) PO2 of intracellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) Choose this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Choose this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Choose this if the first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A) Choose this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Choose this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Choose this if the first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 7

Whose law explains that an increase in volume causes a decrease in pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Henry's Law 
B)  Dalton's Law 
C)  Charles Law 
D)  Boyles Law 
A)  Henry's Law 
B)  Dalton's Law 
C)  Charles Law 
D)  Boyles Law

Question 8

Most oxygen is carried in the blood ______; but most carbon dioxide is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolved in plasma; associated with salt or acid 
B)  bound to hemoglobin; associated with bicarbonate ions in the plasma 
C)  combined with albumin; associated with carbonic acid 
D)  bound to hemoglobin; bound to albumin 
E)  bound to plasma proteins; carried as carbon dioxide 
A)  dissolved in plasma; associated with salt or acid 
B)  bound to hemoglobin; associated with bicarbonate ions in the plasma 
C)  combined with albumin; associated with carbonic acid 
D)  bound to hemoglobin; bound to albumin 
E)  bound to plasma proteins; carried as carbon dioxide

Question 9

-The diagram illustrates the respiratory membrane. What layer is "C"?

Accepted Answer

A)  basement membrane of capillary endothelium 
B)  capillary endothelium 
C)  alveolar epithelium 
D)  alveolar fluid 
E)  basement of alveolar epithelium 
A)  basement membrane of capillary endothelium 
B)  capillary endothelium 
C)  alveolar epithelium 
D)  alveolar fluid 
E)  basement of alveolar epithelium

Question 10

-Which of the patients above might have a depression of the respiratory center due to drugs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
-Which of the patients above might...

Question 11

-What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  larynx 
B)  lungs 
C)  trachea 
D)  pharynx 
E)  bronchi 
A)  larynx 
B)  lungs 
C)  trachea 
D)  pharynx 
E)  bronchi

Question 12

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description.
-hard palate
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity 
A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity

Question 13

The chloride shift refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  effect of chloride ions on the oxygen dissociation curve. 
B)  exchange of chloride ions for bicarbonate ions across the red blood cell membrane. 
C)  exchange of chloride ions for carbon dioxide across alveolar cell membranes. 
D)  effect of chloride ions on hydrogen ion diffusion from red blood cells. 
E)  exchange of chloride ions for hemoglobin across the RBC membrane. 
A)  effect of chloride ions on the oxygen dissociation curve. 
B)  exchange of chloride ions for bicarbonate ions across the red blood cell membrane. 
C)  exchange of chloride ions for carbon dioxide across alveolar cell membranes. 
D)  effect of chloride ions on hydrogen ion diffusion from red blood cells. 
E)  exchange of chloride ions for hemoglobin across the RBC membrane.

Question 14

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood

Accepted Answer

A)  in the form of bicarbonate ions. 
B)  bound to hemoglobin. 
C)  dissolved in the plasma. 
D)  by the leukocytes. 
E)  in the form of carbonic acid. 
A)  in the form of bicarbonate ions. 
B)  bound to hemoglobin. 
C)  dissolved in the plasma. 
D)  by the leukocytes. 
E)  in the form of carbonic acid.

Question 15

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description.
-external nares
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity 
A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity

Question 16

The __________ zone extends from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________ zone extends from the trachea...

Question 17

Use the following two choices.
-decrease blood pH

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left 
A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left

Question 18

Use the following two choices.
-decrease in carbon dioxide

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left 
A) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the right 
B) oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts to the left

Question 19

Calculate the alveolar ventilation if the tidal volume is 500 ml., the respiratory rate is 12/minute, and the anatomical dead space is 100 ml.

Accepted Answer

A)  1200 ml 
B)  1800 ml 
C)  4800 ml 
D)  6000 ml 
E)  7200 ml 
A)  1200 ml 
B)  1800 ml 
C)  4800 ml 
D)  6000 ml 
E)  7200 ml

Question 20

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description.
-internal nares
"Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Accepted Answer

A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity 
A) the floor of the nasal cavity 
B) superior portion of pharynx 
C) a soft process that extends inferiorly from the posterior edge of the soft palate 
D) the opening of the nasal cavity into the pharynx 
E) external openings of the nasal cavity

Exam 23: Respiratory System

-The diagram illustrates the major regulatory mechanisms of ventilation. What mechanism does "D" represent?

Which of the following events in the chloride shift occurs last?

From largest to smallest, the correct sequence for the following passageways is

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description. -nasopharynx "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

Oxygenated blood is carried to the tissues of the lungs via the

Use the following key to determine the best answer. -(1) PO2 of arterial blood; (2) PO2 of intracellular fluid.

Whose law explains that an increase in volume causes a decrease in pressure?

Most oxygen is carried in the blood ______; but most carbon dioxide is ________.

-The diagram illustrates the respiratory membrane. What layer is "C"?

-Which of the patients above might have a depression of the respiratory center due to drugs?

-What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description. -hard palate "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

The chloride shift refers to the

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the blood

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description. -external nares "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

The __________ zone extends from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles.

Use the following two choices. -decrease blood pH

Use the following two choices. -decrease in carbon dioxide

Calculate the alveolar ventilation if the tidal volume is 500 ml., the respiratory rate is 12/minute, and the anatomical dead space is 100 ml.

Match the term with the appropriate description, answer with the letter preceding the description. -internal nares "Enter the letter of the correct description below"

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

Use the following key to determine the best answer. -(1) PO₂ of arterial blood; (2) PO₂ of intracellular fluid.

Most oxygen is carried in the blood ; but most carbon dioxide is __.