Question 1

Which of the following can lead to systematic errors that affect the quality, and perhaps ethical implications, of any decision that is made?

Accepted Answer

A)  Disciplines 
B)  Regulations 
C)  Heuristics 
D)  Rules 
E)  Codes 
A)  Disciplines 
B)  Regulations 
C)  Heuristics 
D)  Rules 
E)  Codes

Question 2

Uncertain environments exist when information is sufficient to predict the results of each alternative in advance of implementation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What is the first step in the rational decision model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Choosing a preferred course of action 
B)  Recognizing and defining the problem or opportunity 
C)  Identifying the alternative courses of action 
D)  Evaluating the results 
E)  Implementing the preferred course of action 
A)  Choosing a preferred course of action 
B)  Recognizing and defining the problem or opportunity 
C)  Identifying the alternative courses of action 
D)  Evaluating the results 
E)  Implementing the preferred course of action

Question 4

Which of the following statements pertaining to intuition is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  A key element in Decision-Making under certainty is intuition. 
B)  Intuition is the ability to know or recognize quickly and readily the possibilities of a given situation. 
C)  Intuition adds elements of flexibility to Decision-Making. 
D)  Intuition adds elements of spontaneity to Decision-Making. 
E)  Intuition offers potential for creativity and innovation. 
A)  A key element in Decision-Making under certainty is intuition. 
B)  Intuition is the ability to know or recognize quickly and readily the possibilities of a given situation. 
C)  Intuition adds elements of flexibility to Decision-Making. 
D)  Intuition adds elements of spontaneity to Decision-Making. 
E)  Intuition offers potential for creativity and innovation.

Question 5

Certainty is a less than ideal condition for managerial problem solving and decision-making.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The generation of a novel idea or unique approach to solving performance problems or exploiting performance opportunities is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The generation of a novel idea or...

Question 7

The __________ is the tendency to seek confirmation for what is already thought to be true and to neglect opportunities to acknowledge or find disconfirming information.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________ is the tendency to seek...

Question 8

Crisis environments exist when decision makers lack complete certainty regarding the outcomes of various courses of action, but they are aware of the probabilities associated with their occurrence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Creativity is more likely to occur when a person has little task expertise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A form of selective perception, the __________ involves seeking only those cues in a situation that support a preexisting opinion.

Accepted Answer

A)  documentation trap 
B)  confirmation error 
C)  validation pitfall 
D)  authentication trap 
E)  affirmation pitfall 
A)  documentation trap 
B)  confirmation error 
C)  validation pitfall 
D)  authentication trap 
E)  affirmation pitfall

Question 11

All of the following are ways to avoid getting trapped in escalating commitments EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  setting limits in advance on your involvement and commitment to a particular course of action. 
B)  making your own decisions. 
C)  carefully determining just why you are continuing a course of action. 
D)  reminding yourself of the costs of a course of action. 
E)  All of the above are ways to avoid getting trapped in escalating commitments. 
A)  setting limits in advance on your involvement and commitment to a particular course of action. 
B)  making your own decisions. 
C)  carefully determining just why you are continuing a course of action. 
D)  reminding yourself of the costs of a course of action. 
E)  All of the above are ways to avoid getting trapped in escalating commitments.

Question 12

A decision maker tells subordinates that lunch schedule is needed and asks them when they would like to schedule their lunch and why before making a decision. This is an example of a ________________ decision.

Accepted Answer

A)  groupthink 
B)  authority 
C)  consultative 
D)  strategic 
E)  minority 
A)  groupthink 
B)  authority 
C)  consultative 
D)  strategic 
E)  minority

Question 13

The process of choosing a course of action for dealing with a problem or opportunity is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of choosing a course of...

Question 14

Which of the following is consistent with the rational model where a decision is approached in a step-by-step and analytical fashion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scientific thinking 
B)  Strategic thinking 
C)  Systematic thinking 
D)  Irrational thinking 
E)  Satisficing 
A)  Scientific thinking 
B)  Strategic thinking 
C)  Systematic thinking 
D)  Irrational thinking 
E)  Satisficing

Question 15

Behavioral scientists are cautious about applying classical decision theory to many decision situations because they recognize that human beings have __________ limitations that restrict their information-processing capabilities.

Accepted Answer

A)  sociological 
B)  cognitive 
C)  subjective 
D)  emotional 
E)  psychological 
A)  sociological 
B)  cognitive 
C)  subjective 
D)  emotional 
E)  psychological

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic steps involved in the rational decision model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Recognize and define the problem or opportunity 
B)  Identify and analyze alternative courses of action, and estimate their effects on the problem or opportunity 
C)  Choose a preferred course of action 
D)  Conduct a stakeholders needs analysis 
E)  Implement the preferred course of action 
A)  Recognize and define the problem or opportunity 
B)  Identify and analyze alternative courses of action, and estimate their effects on the problem or opportunity 
C)  Choose a preferred course of action 
D)  Conduct a stakeholders needs analysis 
E)  Implement the preferred course of action

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT one of Cavanagh's criteria questions for assessing ethics in decision-making?

Accepted Answer

A)  Does the decision satisfy all constituents or stakeholders? 
B)  Does the decision respect the rights of everyone? 
C)  Is the decision consistent with the canons of justice? 
D)  Does the decision make sense? 
E)  Is the decision consistent with my responsibility to care? 
A)  Does the decision satisfy all constituents or stakeholders? 
B)  Does the decision respect the rights of everyone? 
C)  Is the decision consistent with the canons of justice? 
D)  Does the decision make sense? 
E)  Is the decision consistent with my responsibility to care?

Question 18

The __________ involves assessing a current event based on past occurrences that are easily available in one's memory.

Accepted Answer

availabili

Question 19

_________ risks are threats to overall business success.

Accepted Answer

A)  Strategic 
B)  Operational 
C)  Financial 
D)  Reputation 
E)  Functional 
A)  Strategic 
B)  Operational 
C)  Financial 
D)  Reputation 
E)  Functional

Question 20

Many managers use simplifying strategies or "rules of thumb" as a means of making it easier to deal with uncertainty and limited information in problem situations. These simplifying strategies are called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many managers use simplifying strategies or "rules...

Which of the following can lead to systematic errors that affect the quality, and perhaps ethical implications, of any decision that is made?

Uncertain environments exist when information is sufficient to predict the results of each alternative in advance of implementation.

What is the first step in the rational decision model?

Which of the following statements pertaining to intuition is incorrect?

Certainty is a less than ideal condition for managerial problem solving and decision-making.

The generation of a novel idea or unique approach to solving performance problems or exploiting performance opportunities is known as __________.

The __________ is the tendency to seek confirmation for what is already thought to be true and to neglect opportunities to acknowledge or find disconfirming information.

Crisis environments exist when decision makers lack complete certainty regarding the outcomes of various courses of action, but they are aware of the probabilities associated with their occurrence.

Creativity is more likely to occur when a person has little task expertise.

A form of selective perception, the __________ involves seeking only those cues in a situation that support a preexisting opinion.

All of the following are ways to avoid getting trapped in escalating commitments EXCEPT:

A decision maker tells subordinates that lunch schedule is needed and asks them when they would like to schedule their lunch and why before making a decision. This is an example of a ________________ decision.

The process of choosing a course of action for dealing with a problem or opportunity is called __________.

Which of the following is consistent with the rational model where a decision is approached in a step-by-step and analytical fashion?

Behavioral scientists are cautious about applying classical decision theory to many decision situations because they recognize that human beings have __________ limitations that restrict their information-processing capabilities.

Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic steps involved in the rational decision model?

Which of the following is NOT one of Cavanagh's criteria questions for assessing ethics in decision-making?

The __________ involves assessing a current event based on past occurrences that are easily available in one's memory.

_________ risks are threats to overall business success.

Many managers use simplifying strategies or "rules of thumb" as a means of making it easier to deal with uncertainty and limited information in problem situations. These simplifying strategies are called __________.

Introducing Organizational Behavior

Diversity, Personality, and Values

Perception, Attribution, and Learning

Emotions, Attitudes, and Job Satisfaction

Motivation

Motivation and Performance

The Nature of Teams

Teamwork and Performance

Conflict and Negotiation

Communication

Power and Politics

The Leadership Process

Leadership Traits and Behavioral Styles

Organizational Culture

Organizational Structures

Filters

Exam 9: Decision Making and Creativity

Which of the following can lead to systematic errors that affect the quality, and perhaps ethical implications, of any decision that is made?

Uncertain environments exist when information is sufficient to predict the results of each alternative in advance of implementation.

What is the first step in the rational decision model?

Which of the following statements pertaining to intuition is incorrect?

Certainty is a less than ideal condition for managerial problem solving and decision-making.

The generation of a novel idea or unique approach to solving performance problems or exploiting performance opportunities is known as __________.

The __________ is the tendency to seek confirmation for what is already thought to be true and to neglect opportunities to acknowledge or find disconfirming information.

Crisis environments exist when decision makers lack complete certainty regarding the outcomes of various courses of action, but they are aware of the probabilities associated with their occurrence.

Creativity is more likely to occur when a person has little task expertise.

A form of selective perception, the __________ involves seeking only those cues in a situation that support a preexisting opinion.

All of the following are ways to avoid getting trapped in escalating commitments EXCEPT:

A decision maker tells subordinates that lunch schedule is needed and asks them when they would like to schedule their lunch and why before making a decision. This is an example of a ________________ decision.

The process of choosing a course of action for dealing with a problem or opportunity is called __________.

Which of the following is consistent with the rational model where a decision is approached in a step-by-step and analytical fashion?

Behavioral scientists are cautious about applying classical decision theory to many decision situations because they recognize that human beings have __________ limitations that restrict their information-processing capabilities.

Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic steps involved in the rational decision model?

Which of the following is NOT one of Cavanagh's criteria questions for assessing ethics in decision-making?

The __________ involves assessing a current event based on past occurrences that are easily available in one's memory.

_________ risks are threats to overall business success.

Many managers use simplifying strategies or "rules of thumb" as a means of making it easier to deal with uncertainty and limited information in problem situations. These simplifying strategies are called __________.

Introducing Organizational Behavior

Diversity, Personality, and Values

Perception, Attribution, and Learning

Emotions, Attitudes, and Job Satisfaction

Motivation

Motivation and Performance

The Nature of Teams

Teamwork and Performance

Conflict and Negotiation

Communication

Power and Politics

The Leadership Process

Leadership Traits and Behavioral Styles

Organizational Culture

Organizational Structures

Filters