Question 1

Empirical findings are those that

Accepted Answer

A) rely on observation,experimentation,or measurement. 
B) characterize an entire set of research data. 
C) are conducted in a field setting outside of a laboratory. 
D) compare subjects of different ages at a given time. 
A) rely on observation,experimentation,or measurement. 
B) characterize an entire set of research data. 
C) are conducted in a field setting outside of a laboratory. 
D) compare subjects of different ages at a given time.

Question 2

Which modern psychological perspective focuses on how our behavior is influenced by the other people in our environment?

Accepted Answer

A) sociocultural 
B) learning 
C) cognitive 
D) psychodynamic 
A) sociocultural 
B) learning 
C) cognitive 
D) psychodynamic

Question 3

A psychologist who accepts the cognitive perspective would be most interested in

Accepted Answer

A) how punishments and rewards affect behavior. 
B) different cultural environments. 
C) unconscious conflicts. 
D) how people think. 
A) how punishments and rewards affect behavior. 
B) different cultural environments. 
C) unconscious conflicts. 
D) how people think.

Question 4

How do the learning perspective and the cognitive perspective differ?

Accepted Answer

The learning perspective is co

Question 5

Which school of thought in psychology was influenced by the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin?

Accepted Answer

A) phrenology 
B) cognitive 
C) functionalism 
D) psychoanalysis 
A) phrenology 
B) cognitive 
C) functionalism 
D) psychoanalysis

Question 6

Techniques such as meta-analysis are useful in psychology because

Accepted Answer

A) they help reduce unintended changes in subjects' behavior due to cues given by the experimenter. 
B) they allow for the careful study of behavior in schools,workplaces,and other natural contexts. 
C) they include subjects who are exposed to experimental conditions that do not include the independent variable. 
D) rarely does one study prove anything and this technique analyzes data from many studies. 
A) they help reduce unintended changes in subjects' behavior due to cues given by the experimenter. 
B) they allow for the careful study of behavior in schools,workplaces,and other natural contexts. 
C) they include subjects who are exposed to experimental conditions that do not include the independent variable. 
D) rarely does one study prove anything and this technique analyzes data from many studies.

Question 7

Ideally,the _______________ is the only thing that is not held constant for all participants in an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) inferential statistic 
B) coefficient of correlation 
C) independent variable 
D) hypothesis 
A) inferential statistic 
B) coefficient of correlation 
C) independent variable 
D) hypothesis

Question 8

Which school of thought in psychology evolved into an elaborate theory of personality and method of psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

A) phrenology 
B) introspection 
C) functionalism 
D) psychoanalysis 
A) phrenology 
B) introspection 
C) functionalism 
D) psychoanalysis

Question 9

Rarely does a psychological study have completely straightforward results.Usually there is some possibility that the difference between two groups could be due to chance.Explain how inferential statistics help us determine how statistically meaningful a study's results are.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 10

Two separate studies investigated the relationship between age and religiousness.A cross-sectional study found that older Americans were more religious,but a longitudinal study found no relationship between the participants' ages and their religiousness.This difference is most likely because

Accepted Answer

A) longitudinal studies measure generational differences. 
B) cross-sectional studies measure generational differences. 
C) one of the studies was poorly conducted. 
D) the results of one of the studies was misinterpreted. 
A) longitudinal studies measure generational differences. 
B) cross-sectional studies measure generational differences. 
C) one of the studies was poorly conducted. 
D) the results of one of the studies was misinterpreted.

Question 11

A(n)__________ psychologist studies how genetically influenced behavior that was functional or adaptive during our species' past may be reflected in the present behaviors,mental processes,and traits of modern humans.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive 
B) psychodynamic 
C) sociocultural 
D) evolutionary 
A) cognitive 
B) psychodynamic 
C) sociocultural 
D) evolutionary

Question 12

The principle of falsifiability means that

Accepted Answer

A) scientists must be careful not to falsify their results. 
B) scientists,as well as people in general,tend to accept false information when it is endorsed by an authority. 
C) a scientist must state an idea in such a way that it can be refuted or disproved by counterevidence. 
D) theories that have not been proven are considered falsified. 
A) scientists must be careful not to falsify their results. 
B) scientists,as well as people in general,tend to accept false information when it is endorsed by an authority. 
C) a scientist must state an idea in such a way that it can be refuted or disproved by counterevidence. 
D) theories that have not been proven are considered falsified.

Question 13

Every experiment has _________________ dependent variable(s).

Accepted Answer

A) zero 
B) exactly one 
C) one or more 
D) more than one 
A) zero 
B) exactly one 
C) one or more 
D) more than one

Question 14

Which of the following is an advantage of case studies?

Accepted Answer

A) Case studies produce a more detailed picture of an individual than other methods do. 
B) Information is often missing or hard to interpret. 
C) An individual case may not be representative of others. 
D) The observer may have biases that influence which facts are observed and which are ignored. 
A) Case studies produce a more detailed picture of an individual than other methods do. 
B) Information is often missing or hard to interpret. 
C) An individual case may not be representative of others. 
D) The observer may have biases that influence which facts are observed and which are ignored.

Question 15

An experiment is conducted to test a new antianxiety drug.After taking the drug,35 percent of the participants receiving the medication report less anxiety,compared to 36 percent of those taking a placebo.The researchers should conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) participants knew which group they were in. 
B) the medication itself probably has no real effect on anxiety. 
C) the placebo is a better medication than the drug. 
D) the drug is an effective treatment for anxiety. 
A) participants knew which group they were in. 
B) the medication itself probably has no real effect on anxiety. 
C) the placebo is a better medication than the drug. 
D) the drug is an effective treatment for anxiety.

Question 16

Critical thinking may be defined as

Accepted Answer

A) negative thinking when trying to solve a problem. 
B) using insight to assess claims made by researchers. 
C) using evidence to make objective judgments. 
D) detecting emotional cues to find hidden agendas. 
A) negative thinking when trying to solve a problem. 
B) using insight to assess claims made by researchers. 
C) using evidence to make objective judgments. 
D) detecting emotional cues to find hidden agendas.

Question 17

The psychology that you study in the textbook closely resembles the popular psychology found in self-help
books.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The _______________ in an experiment is a comparison condition in which subjects are not exposed to the same treatment as in the experimental condition.

Accepted Answer

A) double-blind condition 
B) control condition 
C) single-blind condition 
D) criterion validity 
A) double-blind condition 
B) control condition 
C) single-blind condition 
D) criterion validity

Question 19

Researchers use descriptive statistics when they want to

Accepted Answer

A) draw inferences about how statistically meaningful a study's results are. 
B) organize and summarize research data. 
C) combine and analyze data from many studies. 
D) assess how likely it is that a study's results occurred merely by chance. 
A) draw inferences about how statistically meaningful a study's results are. 
B) organize and summarize research data. 
C) combine and analyze data from many studies. 
D) assess how likely it is that a study's results occurred merely by chance.

Question 20

Shannon reads in a news magazine that people who are chronically depressed are more likely than nondepressed people to develop cancer.From this article,Shannon would be able to determine that

Accepted Answer

A) chronic depression causes cancer. 
B) early,undetected cancer causes depression. 
C) depressed people tend to smoke,causing cancer. 
D) chronic depression and cancer are related to one another. 
A) chronic depression causes cancer. 
B) early,undetected cancer causes depression. 
C) depressed people tend to smoke,causing cancer. 
D) chronic depression and cancer are related to one another.

Empirical findings are those that

Which modern psychological perspective focuses on how our behavior is influenced by the other people in our environment?

A psychologist who accepts the cognitive perspective would be most interested in

How do the learning perspective and the cognitive perspective differ?

Which school of thought in psychology was influenced by the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin?

Techniques such as meta-analysis are useful in psychology because

Ideally,the _______________ is the only thing that is not held constant for all participants in an experiment.

Which school of thought in psychology evolved into an elaborate theory of personality and method of psychotherapy?

Rarely does a psychological study have completely straightforward results.Usually there is some possibility that the difference between two groups could be due to chance.Explain how inferential statistics help us determine how statistically meaningful a study's results are.

Two separate studies investigated the relationship between age and religiousness.A cross-sectional study found that older Americans were more religious,but a longitudinal study found no relationship between the participants' ages and their religiousness.This difference is most likely because

A(n)__________ psychologist studies how genetically influenced behavior that was functional or adaptive during our species' past may be reflected in the present behaviors,mental processes,and traits of modern humans.

The principle of falsifiability means that

Every experiment has _________________ dependent variable(s).

Which of the following is an advantage of case studies?

An experiment is conducted to test a new antianxiety drug.After taking the drug,35 percent of the participants receiving the medication report less anxiety,compared to 36 percent of those taking a placebo.The researchers should conclude that

Critical thinking may be defined as

The psychology that you study in the textbook closely resembles the popular psychology found in self-help books.

The _______________ in an experiment is a comparison condition in which subjects are not exposed to the same treatment as in the experimental condition.

Researchers use descriptive statistics when they want to

Shannon reads in a news magazine that people who are chronically depressed are more likely than nondepressed people to develop cancer.From this article,Shannon would be able to determine that

Theories of Personality

Development Over the Life Span

Neurons, Hormones, and the Brain

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Emotion, Stress, and Health

The Major Motives of Life: Food, Love, Sex, and Work

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Exam 1: What Is Psychology

Empirical findings are those that

Which modern psychological perspective focuses on how our behavior is influenced by the other people in our environment?

A psychologist who accepts the cognitive perspective would be most interested in

How do the learning perspective and the cognitive perspective differ?

Which school of thought in psychology was influenced by the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin?

Techniques such as meta-analysis are useful in psychology because

Ideally,the _______________ is the only thing that is not held constant for all participants in an experiment.

Which school of thought in psychology evolved into an elaborate theory of personality and method of psychotherapy?

Rarely does a psychological study have completely straightforward results.Usually there is some possibility that the difference between two groups could be due to chance.Explain how inferential statistics help us determine how statistically meaningful a study's results are.

Two separate studies investigated the relationship between age and religiousness.A cross-sectional study found that older Americans were more religious,but a longitudinal study found no relationship between the participants' ages and their religiousness.This difference is most likely because

A(n)__________ psychologist studies how genetically influenced behavior that was functional or adaptive during our species' past may be reflected in the present behaviors,mental processes,and traits of modern humans.

The principle of falsifiability means that

Every experiment has _________________ dependent variable(s).

Which of the following is an advantage of case studies?

An experiment is conducted to test a new antianxiety drug.After taking the drug,35 percent of the participants receiving the medication report less anxiety,compared to 36 percent of those taking a placebo.The researchers should conclude that

Critical thinking may be defined as

The psychology that you study in the textbook closely resembles the popular psychology found in self-help books.

The _______________ in an experiment is a comparison condition in which subjects are not exposed to the same treatment as in the experimental condition.

Researchers use descriptive statistics when they want to

Shannon reads in a news magazine that people who are chronically depressed are more likely than nondepressed people to develop cancer.From this article,Shannon would be able to determine that

Theories of Personality

Development Over the Life Span

Neurons, Hormones, and the Brain

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Emotion, Stress, and Health

The Major Motives of Life: Food, Love, Sex, and Work

Filters