Exam 1: What Is Psychology

A difference between basic research and applied research is that

Which of the following is true about the professional activities of psychologists?

Dennis believes that women are worse drivers than men.He always notices examples of poor women drivers,but ignores evidence to the contrary,such as poor male drivers or good female drivers.Dennis's behavior is an example of

Phrenologists suggested that specific character and personality traits could be read from bumps on the head.

To most people,the word psychologist conjures up an image of a therapist listening intently to a client,but not all psychologists do clinical work.Describe the different professional activities of psychologists with doctorates.Include examples of work in each of the three general categories.

Why is "tolerating uncertainty" considered an important skill for critical thinking?

Observational studies are more useful for describing behavior than for explaining behavior.

Dawn is systematically recording behaviors at a nursery school,making sure that she doesn't interfere with the behaviors.Dawn is engaged in

The ability of a test to measure what it is designed to measure is called reliability.

Which of the following statements about the coefficient of correlation is true?

If a test measures what it is supposed to measure it is

When researchers visited 32 pubs in one city to study drinking habits,they recorded their observations on napkins and pieces of newspaper.The reason they kept records in this way was

Graphology,or handwriting analysis,uses precise measurements in order to determine personality characteristics from a sample of one's handwriting.However,there is little empirical evidence to suggest that graphology is accurate in determining one's personality from a handwriting sample.Graphology is an example of

The psychology that is studied in this textbook bears little relation to the "pop psych" found in self-help books.In our textbook,the psychological information is based on

Which of the following terms refers to the idea that people who participate in research studies must do so voluntarily and must be given enough information to make an intelligent decision about whether to participate?

Psychology is defined generally as

Argument by anecdote occurs when a person generalizes from a personal experience to everyone.

Sheila's psychology professor uses the term "psychobabble" in class one day.The professor is referring to

An obscure neurologist in Vienna,Austria,came to the conclusion that his patient's symptoms had mental rather than physical causes.From this insight,his broad theory of personality evolved.The neurologist was

Which of the following is a theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy emphasizing unconscious motives and conflicts?