Exam 2: Theories of Personality

As an infant,Melanie would lie in her crib without fussing and would rarely cry.As a toddler,she was curious and fairly extroverted.Melanie would most likely be classified as a ___________ child.

Three crucial aspects of the environment are parents,peers,and particular situations.How much,and in what ways,does each of these aspects contribute to personality?

_______________ describes whether people are steadfast and persevering,or fickle and careless.

Neuroticism is one of the Big Five personality traits.Compare the specific qualities of an individual who scores high in neuroticism with the qualities found in an emotionally stable person.

After twelve years of attending the same schools,Holly and Amy chose to attend colleges in different states.Holly remembered Amy as a shy but friendly girl who rarely took risks,and so Holly was surprised when her friend sent an e-mail describing the thrill of sky-diving.Holly's surprise occurred because Amy's behaviors don't match the _______________ that Holly had observed in high school.

Which type of research is likely to create an illusion of causality?

According to Freud,personality develops through a series of psychosexual stages.The stage that occurs during the first year of life is called the __________ stage.

Studies of altruistic behavior found that children from _______________ were the least altruistic and most egoistic of those studied.

The "objects" in the object-relations school of thought refers to

The personality theorist who described the importance of peak experiences was

Humanist psychology emphasizes the scientific understanding and assessment of human behavior.

When parents value academic achievement but the child's peers do not,the child usually follows the parental lead and values academic achievement.

Members of individualist cultures

According to Freud,when the Oedipus complex is resolved by about age 5 or 6,the child's fundamental personality patterns are formed.

Cassandra visits a fortune-teller.She is surprised that many of the things the fortune-teller tells her about herself are accurate.What is the most likely reason for this?

Latasha sees a cell phone sitting on a park bench.If her superego had a voice,it would probably tell her

Which component of personality is present at birth and is the reservoir of unconscious psychological energies and the motives to avoid pain and obtain pleasure?

If you do not want to be taken in by the Barnum effect,beware of your selective perceptions.

Which of the following is true of an individualist culture?

In the 1960s,a group of psychologists argued that it was time for a "third force" in psychology.What were the first two forces that were perceived as inadequate? What alternate perspective would be taken by the "third force" in describing human personality?