Exam 2: Theories of Personality

Rene is 85 years old.It is most likely that he has become __________ open to new experiences and _________ extroverted over the last few decades.

Early philosophers suggested that human personality is based on

Making a vow of celibacy was difficult for Andrew when he became a priest,but he remained true to his vow.On his 25th anniversary,the congregation held a reception and displayed several pieces of liturgical art that Andrew had created over the past two decades.According to Freud,Andrew's artistic creations might be the result of

Karen reads a study that estimates the heritability of intelligence at .6.She tells a friend that,according to the article she just read,that 60 percent of her intelligence is determined by her genes.What is true about Karen's statement?

_______________ describes the extent to which people are anxious and impulsive.

In Freud's theory,the psychic energy that fuels the sexuality instinct is called

Luke is obsessive about cleanliness.He can't stand it when someone creates a mess in his house or puts something back in the wrong place.A Freudian psychoanalyst would likely say that Luke is fixated in the _________ stage.

Nelda hopes to study the influence of genetics on personality in adults.Which of these research methods is she likely to employ?

According to Abraham Maslow,the most important aspects of personality are

Jerry's parents place a high value on academic achievement,but his peers do not.Jerry is most likely to

Many critics of the humanist theory argue that

It was over a century ago that Sigmund Freud published his theory.How has his work stood the test of time? How is psychodynamic theory regarded by psychologists and other scholars of the twenty-first century?

Psychoanalysts sometimes describe personality as an iceberg,with the largest part hidden deep below the water.A person in a boat is aware of only a small part of the iceberg sticking out above the water.In this metaphor,which part of the personality would the majority of the ice showing above the water represent?

Vito is angry when the school bus driver blames Vito for misbehaving when it actually was the child behind him who had been acting up.As he gets off the bus,he kicks the bus tire.Freud would say that Vito is unconsciously using the defense mechanism of

In a study comparing Japanese and Americans,the Japanese reported that their sense of self changes _______________ in different situations,whereas the Americans said that _______________ of their sense of self changes in different situations.

The process of toilet training occurs during the _______ stage.

John dreamed that he was in a train that entered a tunnel.If a psychologist believed that the dream expressed John's unconscious sexual desires,the psychologist would likely be a

Which is the scientific failing of psychodynamic theories when a researcher concludes from a few cases that something is true for all?

Cecil is sexually attracted to his middle-school English teacher.He doesn't act on his feelings however,because he realizes that it is unrealistic that his teacher would respond positively to his advances.According to Freud,which part of the personality would be responsible for Cecil's restraint?

Physiological dispositions to respond to the environment in certain ways are present in infancy.These dispositions,called _______________,are assumed to be innate.