Question 1

Match the following.
-compounds produced when there is little or no carbohydrate metabolism and a subsequent increase in fat metabolism

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) FAD 
C) GTP 
D) acidosis 
E) essential amino acid
F)β oxidation
G)transaminated amino acid
H)ketone bodies
I)Coenzyme A
J)a ketogenic amino acid
K)a glucogenic amino acid
L)ATP
M)alkalosis 
A) chylomicrons 
B) FAD 
C) GTP 
D) acidosis 
E) essential amino acid
F)β oxidation
G)transaminated amino acid
H)ketone bodies
I)Coenzyme A
J)a ketogenic amino acid
K)a glucogenic amino acid
L)ATP
M)alkalosis

Question 2

Ammonium ions and carbon dioxide produce urea in the urea cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Ketosis can lower the blood pH below 7.4, producing the condition

Accepted Answer

A)  anemia. 
B)  hyponatremia. 
C)  hypokalemia. 
D)  acidosis. 
E)  alkalosis. 
A)  anemia. 
B)  hyponatremia. 
C)  hypokalemia. 
D)  acidosis. 
E)  alkalosis.

Question 4

Most of the glycerol produced by fatty acid breakdown is converted eventually to

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  protein. 
C)  fat. 
D)  lactate. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  protein. 
C)  fat. 
D)  lactate. 
E)  amino acids.

Question 5

Identify each of the following metabolic pathways.
-the conversion of an amino acid to an α-keto acid

Accepted Answer

A) ketogenesis 
B) transamination 
C) β oxidation 
D) lipogenesis 
E) oxidative deamination 
A) ketogenesis 
B) transamination 
C) β oxidation 
D) lipogenesis 
E) oxidative deamination

Question 6

Most of the energy stored in the human body is in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  muscle tissue. 
D)  triacylglycerols. 
E)  the amino acid pool. 
A)  glycogen. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  muscle tissue. 
D)  triacylglycerols. 
E)  the amino acid pool.

Question 7

The source of energy for red blood cells is

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids. 
B)  fatty acids. 
C)  glycerol. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  lactate. 
A)  amino acids. 
B)  fatty acids. 
C)  glycerol. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  lactate.

Question 8

Red blood cells have mitochondria, which serve as an energy production site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

β oxidation adds two-carbon segments to a fatty acid chain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Myristic acid, a C14 fatty acid, produces __________ acetyl CoA when completely metabolized.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  12 
E)  14 
A)  2 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  12 
E)  14

Question 11

The action of pancreatic lipase on triacylglycerols produces

Accepted Answer

A)  emulsions. 
B)  micelles. 
C)  monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids. 
D)  high-density lipoproteins. 
E)  low-density lipoproteins. 
A)  emulsions. 
B)  micelles. 
C)  monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids. 
D)  high-density lipoproteins. 
E)  low-density lipoproteins.

Question 12

The enzymes that break down triacylglycerols into fatty acids and glycerol are called

Accepted Answer

A)  lyases. 
B)  aconitases. 
C)  lipases. 
D)  hydrolases. 
E)  oxidoreductases. 
A)  lyases. 
B)  aconitases. 
C)  lipases. 
D)  hydrolases. 
E)  oxidoreductases.

Question 13

The removal of 2-carbon segments of a fatty acid for further metabolism is called

Accepted Answer

A)  β oxidation. 
B)  transamination. 
C)  deglyceration. 
D)  dehydration. 
E)  decarboxylation. 
A)  β oxidation. 
B)  transamination. 
C)  deglyceration. 
D)  dehydration. 
E)  decarboxylation.

Question 14

A ten carbon saturated fatty acid will undergo five β oxidation cycles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Ketosis is a condition that can occur if

Accepted Answer

A)  ketone bodies cannot be completely metabolized. 
B)  too many ketones are ingested. 
C)  too much protein is available in the diet. 
D)  the brain is starved of glucose. 
E)  low fat intake occurs. 
A)  ketone bodies cannot be completely metabolized. 
B)  too many ketones are ingested. 
C)  too much protein is available in the diet. 
D)  the brain is starved of glucose. 
E)  low fat intake occurs.

Question 16

Chylomicrons consist of bile salts and lipids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following does NOT require NAD+?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis 
B)  transamination 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  β oxidation 
E)  oxidative deamination 
A)  glycolysis 
B)  transamination 
C)  citric acid cycle 
D)  β oxidation 
E)  oxidative deamination

Question 18

In Type I diabetes mellitus,

Accepted Answer

A)  blood glucose levels are too low. 
B)  glucose intake is too low. 
C)  birth of a baby restores normal pancreatic function. 
D)  sufficient insulin is produced, but cannot be used. 
E)  the pancreas produces insufficient insulin. 
A)  blood glucose levels are too low. 
B)  glucose intake is too low. 
C)  birth of a baby restores normal pancreatic function. 
D)  sufficient insulin is produced, but cannot be used. 
E)  the pancreas produces insufficient insulin.

Question 19

The digestion of fats begins when the fat globules are

Accepted Answer

A)  emulsified by bile salts. 
B)  attacked by protease enzymes to form smaller fat globules. 
C)  converted to lipoproteins for greater solubility. 
D)  hydrolyzed to glucose and amino acids. 
E)  hydrolyzed to glycerol and fatty acids. 
A)  emulsified by bile salts. 
B)  attacked by protease enzymes to form smaller fat globules. 
C)  converted to lipoproteins for greater solubility. 
D)  hydrolyzed to glucose and amino acids. 
E)  hydrolyzed to glycerol and fatty acids.

Question 20

Fatty acyl CoA cannot cross into the mitochondrial matrix until

Accepted Answer

A)  it is cut into 2-carbon segments. 
B)  the citric acid cycle has begun. 
C)  β oxidation has taken place. 
D)  the mitochondrial membrane undergoes a modification. 
E)  it binds with a charged carrier molecule called carnitine. 
A)  it is cut into 2-carbon segments. 
B)  the citric acid cycle has begun. 
C)  β oxidation has taken place. 
D)  the mitochondrial membrane undergoes a modification. 
E)  it binds with a charged carrier molecule called carnitine.

Exam 24: Metabolic Pathways for Lipids and Amino Acids

Match the following. -compounds produced when there is little or no carbohydrate metabolism and a subsequent increase in fat metabolism

Ammonium ions and carbon dioxide produce urea in the urea cycle.

Ketosis can lower the blood pH below 7.4, producing the condition

Most of the glycerol produced by fatty acid breakdown is converted eventually to

Identify each of the following metabolic pathways. -the conversion of an amino acid to an α-keto acid

Most of the energy stored in the human body is in the form of

The source of energy for red blood cells is

Red blood cells have mitochondria, which serve as an energy production site.

β oxidation adds two-carbon segments to a fatty acid chain.

Myristic acid, a C14 fatty acid, produces __________ acetyl CoA when completely metabolized.

The action of pancreatic lipase on triacylglycerols produces

The enzymes that break down triacylglycerols into fatty acids and glycerol are called

The removal of 2-carbon segments of a fatty acid for further metabolism is called

A ten carbon saturated fatty acid will undergo five β oxidation cycles.

Ketosis is a condition that can occur if

Chylomicrons consist of bile salts and lipids.

Which of the following does NOT require NAD+?

In Type I diabetes mellitus,

The digestion of fats begins when the fat globules are

Fatty acyl CoA cannot cross into the mitochondrial matrix until

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