Question 1

Identify each of the following metabolic pathways.
-the removal of an amino group as NH4+ from glutamic acid to yield α-ketoglutaric acid

Accepted Answer

A) ketogenesis 
B) transamination 
C) β oxidation 
D) lipogenesis 
E) oxidative deamination 
A) ketogenesis 
B) transamination 
C) β oxidation 
D) lipogenesis 
E) oxidative deamination E

Question 2

The production of new fatty acids is called

Accepted Answer

A)  gluconeogenesis. 
B)  β oxidation. 
C)  transesterification. 
D)  oxidation. 
E)  lipogenesis. 
A)  gluconeogenesis. 
B)  β oxidation. 
C)  transesterification. 
D)  oxidation. 
E)  lipogenesis. E

Question 3

The initial digestion of protein is catalyzed by an enzyme called

Accepted Answer

A)  chymotrypsin. 
B)  peptidase. 
C)  pepsin. 
D)  amylase. 
E)  trypsin. 
A)  chymotrypsin. 
B)  peptidase. 
C)  pepsin. 
D)  amylase. 
E)  trypsin. C

Question 4

Fatty acids and glycerol are produced from the metabolism of

Accepted Answer

A)  lipids. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  amino acids. 
E)  glucose. 
A)  lipids. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  amino acids. 
E)  glucose.

Question 5

The function of fatty acyl CoA is to

Accepted Answer

A)  activate a fatty acid for metabolism. 
B)  produce a 2-carbon segment for metabolism. 
C)  isomerize cis fatty acids. 
D)  cross the blood-brain barrier. 
E)  produce a lipoprotein. 
A)  activate a fatty acid for metabolism. 
B)  produce a 2-carbon segment for metabolism. 
C)  isomerize cis fatty acids. 
D)  cross the blood-brain barrier. 
E)  produce a lipoprotein.

Question 6

The series of reactions that produces energy by hydrolyzing fats to units of acetyl CoA is called

Accepted Answer

A)  transamination. 
B)  β oxidation. 
C)  hydration. 
D)  hydrolysis. 
E)  β reduction. 
A)  transamination. 
B)  β oxidation. 
C)  hydration. 
D)  hydrolysis. 
E)  β reduction.

Question 7

During complete oxidation of the fatty acid CH3(CH₂)18COOH, __________ molecules of acetyl CoA are produced, and the fatty acid goes through the β-oxidation cycle __________ times.

Accepted Answer

A)  ten; ten 
B)  nine; ten 
C)  nine; nine 
D)  nine; eight 
E)  ten; nine 
A)  ten; ten 
B)  nine; ten 
C)  nine; nine 
D)  nine; eight 
E)  ten; nine

Question 8

Most of the glycerol produced by fatty acid breakdown goes to the

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas. 
B)  gall bladder. 
C)  liver. 
D)  small intestine. 
E)  brain. 
A)  pancreas. 
B)  gall bladder. 
C)  liver. 
D)  small intestine. 
E)  brain.

Question 9

In mammals, the ammonium ion produced in oxidative deamination is

Accepted Answer

A)  excreted in the feces. 
B)  stored in the liver. 
C)  converted to uric acid, which is excreted in the urine. 
D)  converted to urea, which is excreted in the urine. 
E)  converted to uric acid, which is excreted by the liver. 
A)  excreted in the feces. 
B)  stored in the liver. 
C)  converted to uric acid, which is excreted in the urine. 
D)  converted to urea, which is excreted in the urine. 
E)  converted to uric acid, which is excreted by the liver.

Question 10

Myristic acid, a C14 fatty acid, undergoes the β-oxidation cycle __________ times.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  7 
E)  14 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  7 
E)  14

Question 11

The 2-carbon segments removed from a fatty acid during metabolism are used to form

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  lactate. 
D)  CoA. 
E)  acetyl CoA. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  pyruvate. 
C)  lactate. 
D)  CoA. 
E)  acetyl CoA.

Question 12

Fats are higher in caloric value than carbohydrates because

Accepted Answer

A)  1 gram of fat produces significantly more ATP than 1 gram of glucose. 
B)  fats can make use of the citric acid cycle. 
C)  fats make use of β oxidation. 
D)  1 gram of glucose weighs more than 1 gram of fat. 
E)  1 gram of glucose contains more moles than 1 gram of fat. 
A)  1 gram of fat produces significantly more ATP than 1 gram of glucose. 
B)  fats can make use of the citric acid cycle. 
C)  fats make use of β oxidation. 
D)  1 gram of glucose weighs more than 1 gram of fat. 
E)  1 gram of glucose contains more moles than 1 gram of fat.

Question 13

The heart muscle's primary source of fuel is

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  fatty acids. 
C)  amino acids. 
D)  glycogen. 
E)  lactate. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  fatty acids. 
C)  amino acids. 
D)  glycogen. 
E)  lactate.

Question 14

The urea cycle is the major pathway for eliminating the excess nitrogen from amino acid degradation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The production of new triacylglycerols is termed ketogenesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

When excess acetyl CoA accumulates in the liver, a pathway called __________ is initiated.

Accepted Answer

A)  transamination 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  gluconeogenesis 
D)  emulsification 
E)  ketogenesis 
A)  transamination 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  gluconeogenesis 
D)  emulsification 
E)  ketogenesis

Question 17

Acyl carrier protein is used in fatty acid synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Identify each of the following metabolic pathways.
-the production of ketone bodies

Accepted Answer

A) ketogenesis 
B) transamination 
C) β oxidation 
D) lipogenesis 
E) oxidative deamination 
A) ketogenesis 
B) transamination 
C) β oxidation 
D) lipogenesis 
E) oxidative deamination

Question 19

Malonyl CoA contains a 3-carbon compound used in

Accepted Answer

A)  lipogenesis. 
B)  acetyl CoA formation. 
C)  gluconeogenesis. 
D)  glycogenolysis. 
E)  the citric acid cycle. 
A)  lipogenesis. 
B)  acetyl CoA formation. 
C)  gluconeogenesis. 
D)  glycogenolysis. 
E)  the citric acid cycle.

Question 20

Each acetyl CoA produces __________ ATP in the citric acid cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  6 
C)  10 
D)  12 
E)  24 
A)  2 
B)  6 
C)  10 
D)  12 
E)  24

Exam 24: Metabolic Pathways for Lipids and Amino Acids

Identify each of the following metabolic pathways. -the removal of an amino group as NH4+ from glutamic acid to yield α-ketoglutaric acid

The production of new fatty acids is called

The initial digestion of protein is catalyzed by an enzyme called

Fatty acids and glycerol are produced from the metabolism of

The function of fatty acyl CoA is to

The series of reactions that produces energy by hydrolyzing fats to units of acetyl CoA is called

During complete oxidation of the fatty acid CH3(CH₂)18COOH, __________ molecules of acetyl CoA are produced, and the fatty acid goes through the β-oxidation cycle __________ times.

Most of the glycerol produced by fatty acid breakdown goes to the

In mammals, the ammonium ion produced in oxidative deamination is

Myristic acid, a C14 fatty acid, undergoes the β-oxidation cycle __________ times.

The 2-carbon segments removed from a fatty acid during metabolism are used to form

Fats are higher in caloric value than carbohydrates because

The heart muscle's primary source of fuel is

The urea cycle is the major pathway for eliminating the excess nitrogen from amino acid degradation.

The production of new triacylglycerols is termed ketogenesis.

When excess acetyl CoA accumulates in the liver, a pathway called __________ is initiated.

Acyl carrier protein is used in fatty acid synthesis.

Identify each of the following metabolic pathways. -the production of ketone bodies

Malonyl CoA contains a 3-carbon compound used in

Each acetyl CoA produces __________ ATP in the citric acid cycle.

Chemistry and Measurements

Energy and Matter

Atoms and Elements

Nuclear Chemistry

Compounds and Their Bonds

Chemical Reactions and Quantities

Gases

Solutions

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes, Ketones, and Chiral Molecules

Carbohydrates

Carboxylic Acids and Esters

Lipids

Amines and Amides

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Metabolic Pathways for Carbohydrates

Metabolism and Energy Production

Filters

Identify each of the following metabolic pathways. -the removal of an amino group as NH₄⁺ from glutamic acid to yield α-ketoglutaric acid

During complete oxidation of the fatty acid CH₃(CH₂)18COOH, molecules of acetyl CoA are produced, and the fatty acid goes through the β-oxidation cycle times.