Question 1

Messenger RNA carries protein synthesis information from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

In the synthesis of mRNA, an adenine in the DNA pairs with

Accepted Answer

A)  uracil. 
B)  adenine. 
C)  guanine. 
D)  thymine. 
E)  cytosine. 
A)  uracil. 
B)  adenine. 
C)  guanine. 
D)  thymine. 
E)  cytosine. A

Question 3

A __________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleoside 
B)  base pair 
C)  nucleotide 
D)  complementary base 
E)  purine 
A)  nucleoside 
B)  base pair 
C)  nucleotide 
D)  complementary base 
E)  purine C

Question 4

Protease inhibitors, which are effective anti-HIV drugs,

Accepted Answer

A)  are nucleoside analogs. 
B)  prevent reverse transcription. 
C)  prevent synthesis of viral proteins. 
D)  prevent mRNA synthesis. 
E)  prevent activation of tRNA. 
A)  are nucleoside analogs. 
B)  prevent reverse transcription. 
C)  prevent synthesis of viral proteins. 
D)  prevent mRNA synthesis. 
E)  prevent activation of tRNA.

Question 5

A restriction enzyme functions to

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent the DNA from leaving the nucleus. 
B)  limit the number of replications a DNA molecule can achieve. 
C)  cut a large DNA double helix into smaller fragments. 
D)  stop the elongation step of protein synthesis. 
E)  eliminate a virus from a cell. 
A)  prevent the DNA from leaving the nucleus. 
B)  limit the number of replications a DNA molecule can achieve. 
C)  cut a large DNA double helix into smaller fragments. 
D)  stop the elongation step of protein synthesis. 
E)  eliminate a virus from a cell.

Question 6

DNA fingerprinting uses __________ to produce DNA fragments that can be separated and screened for the presence of genetic diseases.

Accepted Answer

A)  extracellular DNA 
B)  restriction enzymes 
C)  bacterial plasmids 
D)  anticodons 
E)  codons 
A)  extracellular DNA 
B)  restriction enzymes 
C)  bacterial plasmids 
D)  anticodons 
E)  codons

Question 7

Recombinant DNA technology requires the use of bacterial

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmids. 
B)  mitochondria. 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
D)  ribosomes. 
E)  cell walls. 
A)  plasmids. 
B)  mitochondria. 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
D)  ribosomes. 
E)  cell walls.

Question 8

Adenine is a purine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen bonds break, allowing the two DNA strands to separate completely. 
B)  A base on the DNA pairs with its complementary base free in solution. 
C)  DNA polymerase forms bonds between a 5'-phosphate of one nucleotide and a 3'-hydroxyl of another. 
D)  On one strand the DNA is synthesized continuously. 
E)  DNA ligase connects short segments of DNA on one strand. 
A)  Hydrogen bonds break, allowing the two DNA strands to separate completely. 
B)  A base on the DNA pairs with its complementary base free in solution. 
C)  DNA polymerase forms bonds between a 5'-phosphate of one nucleotide and a 3'-hydroxyl of another. 
D)  On one strand the DNA is synthesized continuously. 
E)  DNA ligase connects short segments of DNA on one strand.

Question 10

When mRNA is synthesized using the information from DNA, the process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  transportation. 
B)  transposition. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  translation. 
E)  transliteration. 
A)  transportation. 
B)  transposition. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  translation. 
E)  transliteration.

Question 11

Match the following.
-the most abundant nucleic acid in the ribosomes

Accepted Answer

A) rRNA 
B) mRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) DNA 
A) rRNA 
B) mRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) DNA

Question 12

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent cytosine is 20%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

During protein synthesis, the codon for an amino acid is found on

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  rRNA. 
C)  tRNA. 
D)  mRNA. 
E)  sRNA. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  rRNA. 
C)  tRNA. 
D)  mRNA. 
E)  sRNA.

Question 14

The purpose of the human genome project was to

Accepted Answer

A)  identify genes responsible for noninheritable diseases. 
B)  determine how to clone human DNA. 
C)  identify substrates for the polymerase chain reaction. 
D)  learn how to clone bacterial DNA. 
E)  map the locations of all the genes in human DNA. 
A)  identify genes responsible for noninheritable diseases. 
B)  determine how to clone human DNA. 
C)  identify substrates for the polymerase chain reaction. 
D)  learn how to clone bacterial DNA. 
E)  map the locations of all the genes in human DNA.

Question 15

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic bonds. 
B)  peptide bonds. 
C)  hydrogen bonds. 
D)  hydrophobic bonds. 
E)  ester bonds. 
A)  ionic bonds. 
B)  peptide bonds. 
C)  hydrogen bonds. 
D)  hydrophobic bonds. 
E)  ester bonds.

Question 16

A retrovirus contains DNA as its genetic material and that synthesizes a complementary RNA strand inside a cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Match the type of cellular control with the description.
-The end product of a reaction pathway controls protein synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) enzyme induction 
B) enzyme repression 
A) enzyme induction 
B) enzyme repression

Question 18

Translation is the process whereby

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is synthesized from DNA. 
B)  DNA is synthesized from mRNA. 
C)  protein is synthesized from DNA. 
D)  protein is synthesized from mRNA. 
E)  mRNA is synthesized from DNA. 
A)  DNA is synthesized from DNA. 
B)  DNA is synthesized from mRNA. 
C)  protein is synthesized from DNA. 
D)  protein is synthesized from mRNA. 
E)  mRNA is synthesized from DNA.

Question 19

DNA is a protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent adenine is 30%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 21: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Messenger RNA carries protein synthesis information from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

In the synthesis of mRNA, an adenine in the DNA pairs with

A __________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

Protease inhibitors, which are effective anti-HIV drugs,

A restriction enzyme functions to

DNA fingerprinting uses __________ to produce DNA fragments that can be separated and screened for the presence of genetic diseases.

Recombinant DNA technology requires the use of bacterial

Adenine is a purine.

Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA replication?

When mRNA is synthesized using the information from DNA, the process is called

Match the following. -the most abundant nucleic acid in the ribosomes

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent cytosine is 20%.

During protein synthesis, the codon for an amino acid is found on

The purpose of the human genome project was to

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are

A retrovirus contains DNA as its genetic material and that synthesizes a complementary RNA strand inside a cell.

Match the type of cellular control with the description. -The end product of a reaction pathway controls protein synthesis.

Translation is the process whereby

DNA is a protein.

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent adenine is 30%.

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