Exam 14: Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Use the following model of a eukaryotic transcript to answer the question. E1-4 refer to the exons and I1-3 refer to the introns in the pre-mRNA transcript. 5' UTR E1 I1 E2 I2 E3 I3 E4 UTR 3' Where on a pre-mRNA transcript does a spliceosome bind?

What is the effect of a nucleotide-pair substitution that results in a nonsense mutation in a gene?

Please use the following information to answer the question(s) below. The enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase randomly assembles nucleotides into a polynucleotide polymer. -You add polynucleotide phosphorylase to a solution of ATP, GTP, and UTP. How many artificial mRNA three-nucleotide codons would be possible?

A eukaryotic transcription unit that is 8,000 nucleotides long may use 1,200 nucleotides to make a protein consisting of approximately 400 amino acids. This is best explained by the fact that

Figure 14.1 -Examine the simple metabolic pathway in Figure 14.1. If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain that is mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme 1 would be able to grow on which of the following media?

Figure 14.2 -Examine the table of codons in Figure 14.2. What amino acid sequence will be produced based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'

The process of translation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes requires tRNAs, amino acids, and ribosomal subunits. Which of the following components must also be present for translation to proceed?

Figure 14.2 -Examine the table of codons in Figure 14.2. A peptide has the sequence NH2-phe-pro-lys-gly-phe-pro-COOH. Which of the following sequences in the coding strand of the DNA could code for this peptide?

In eukaryotes there are several different types of RNA polymerase. Which type is involved in transcription of mRNA known as pre-mRNA?

The nitrogenous base adenine is found in all members of which of the following groups of molecules?

Figure 14.3 -In the transcription event of the DNA in Figure 14.3, where would the promoter be located?

Which of the following descriptions of nucleotide triplets best represents a codon?

A part of the promoter, called the TATA box, is said to be highly conserved in evolution. Which of the following might this illustrate?

Which of the following statements correctly describes alternative RNA splicing?

Which of the following events in translation is the first to occur in eukaryotes?

Which small-scale mutation would be most likely to have the greatest negative effect on the functioning of a protein?

RNA polymerase moves in which direction along the DNA?

An experimenter has altered the 3' end of the tRNA corresponding to the amino acid methionine in such a way as to remove the 3' AC. Which of the following statements correctly describes the most likely result of this change?

Which of the following types of mutations could result in a frameshift mutation?

Figure 14.5 -Figure 14.5 represents tRNA that recognizes and binds a particular amino acid (in this instance, phenylalanine). Which codon on the mRNA strand codes for this amino acid?