Question 1

Summarize the origins and functions of insulin in the body.

Accepted Answer

Insulin is made by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets. Insulin allows the cells of the body to take up glucose.

Question 2

Which of the following is recommended for diabetes mellitus patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  smoking 
B)  binge drinking 
C)  inactivity 
D)  controlling stress 
A)  smoking 
B)  binge drinking 
C)  inactivity 
D)  controlling stress D

Question 3

Marsha says she sometimes has ketoacidosis. What kind of diabetes is she more likely to have, and how did she develop ketoacidosis? Why is ketoacidosis dangerous, and how can she detect it in time?

Accepted Answer

Ketoacidosis is a biochemical imbalance that is more common in people with type 1 diabetes. It comes about because the cells are unable to take up glucose, so they turn to lipids as sources of energy. Some fatty acids appear in the bloodstream, and the liver breaks them down, releasing ketones. Ketones lower the pH of the blood, endangering organ systems. Marsha can use urine test strips to detect ketones.

Question 4

Which of the following is a likely side effect of gestational diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  impotence 
B)  preeclampsia 
C)  low blood pressure 
D)  low birth weight 
A)  impotence 
B)  preeclampsia 
C)  low blood pressure 
D)  low birth weight

Question 5

Which of the following is true of diabetes mellitus type 1?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patients always require insulin. 
B)  Cells become resistant to insulin. 
C)  Most people with diabetes mellitus have this form. 
D)  It can be delayed or prevented. 
A)  Patients always require insulin. 
B)  Cells become resistant to insulin. 
C)  Most people with diabetes mellitus have this form. 
D)  It can be delayed or prevented.

Question 6

Saito is in charge of public health in his county and wants to reduce the rate of type 2 diabetes there. What kinds of health measures should he promote?

Accepted Answer

He should try to encourage weight reduct

Question 7

Buford is a very successful high school athlete who has been diagnosed with diabetes. He needs to do well in sports so that he can receive a university scholarship. He dreams of getting into the pros, too - his whole family is counting on him! However, he doesn't want to go through the entire regimen his doctor has prescribed for him because he thinks it cuts into his sports time. What do you need to tell him about sticking to his diabetic treatment plan?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes has serious long-term complicat

Question 8

Shabir has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 and will have his blood tested within the next 2 weeks. He has been warned by his physician to stay on a specific diet, but he loves desserts that are not on his recommended treatment plan. You see him eating a huge piece of birthday cake, and when questioned, he says that his doctor will never know because he will fast for a few days before his blood glucose test and fool the physician. What blood test might the physician order to detect Shabir's deception?

Accepted Answer

A)  hemoglobin A1c 
B)  white blood cell count 
C)  HDL 
D)  electrolytes 
A)  hemoglobin A1c 
B)  white blood cell count 
C)  HDL 
D)  electrolytes

Question 9

This is the major cause of type 2 diabetes.

Accepted Answer

A)  viral infection 
B)  heart disease 
C)  insulin resistance 
D)  being underweight 
A)  viral infection 
B)  heart disease 
C)  insulin resistance 
D)  being underweight

Question 10

All forms of diabetes mellitus involve defects in the production or function of insulin. The result of this defect in insulin is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a lack of glucose in the bloodstream 
B)  a lack of sodium in the bloodstream 
C)  a buildup of glucose in the bloodstream 
D)  a buildup of sodium in the bloodstream 
A)  a lack of glucose in the bloodstream 
B)  a lack of sodium in the bloodstream 
C)  a buildup of glucose in the bloodstream 
D)  a buildup of sodium in the bloodstream

Question 11

You are worried about your friend Mary, a type 1 diabetic. She is nauseated, short of breath, tired, and confused. She says not to worry because she just has a case of the flu. What diagnostic test should you urge her to perform to make sure that there is nothing more serious going on?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood bilirubin 
B)  urinary ketones 
C)  blood pressure 
D)  stress test for the heart 
A)  blood bilirubin 
B)  urinary ketones 
C)  blood pressure 
D)  stress test for the heart

Question 12

Your friend Matti accidentally injected himself with double the correct dosage of insulin. He has collapsed. Quick! It's all up to you. What do you do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Give him CPR. 
B)  Inject him with thyroxine. 
C)  Give him glucagon. 
D)  Inject him with more insulin. 
A)  Give him CPR. 
B)  Inject him with thyroxine. 
C)  Give him glucagon. 
D)  Inject him with more insulin.

Question 13

Susan Littlehorse (28 years old, obese, and pregnant) complains of burning urine to you, her physician at the Indian Health Service. Blood tests show hemoglobin A1c concentrations over 9%. What is your initial diagnosis? How do you test your idea? How should her condition be treated? What are some potential problems she may experience in the future?

Accepted Answer

Susan seems to have gestational diabetes

Question 14

Tunde is worried that she has diabetes since a lot of her family has it. Which of the following blood findings would set her mind most at ease?

Accepted Answer

A)  400 mg/dl glucose 
B)  90 mg/dl glucose 
C)  30% Hb A1c hemoglobin 
D)  9% Hb A1c hemoglobin 
A)  400 mg/dl glucose 
B)  90 mg/dl glucose 
C)  30% Hb A1c hemoglobin 
D)  9% Hb A1c hemoglobin

Exam 13: Special Topic: Diabetes Mellitus

Summarize the origins and functions of insulin in the body.

Which of the following is recommended for diabetes mellitus patients?

Marsha says she sometimes has ketoacidosis. What kind of diabetes is she more likely to have, and how did she develop ketoacidosis? Why is ketoacidosis dangerous, and how can she detect it in time?

Which of the following is a likely side effect of gestational diabetes?

Which of the following is true of diabetes mellitus type 1?

Saito is in charge of public health in his county and wants to reduce the rate of type 2 diabetes there. What kinds of health measures should he promote?

This is the major cause of type 2 diabetes.

All forms of diabetes mellitus involve defects in the production or function of insulin. The result of this defect in insulin is ________.

You are worried about your friend Mary, a type 1 diabetic. She is nauseated, short of breath, tired, and confused. She says not to worry because she just has a case of the flu. What diagnostic test should you urge her to perform to make sure that there is nothing more serious going on?

Your friend Matti accidentally injected himself with double the correct dosage of insulin. He has collapsed. Quick! It's all up to you. What do you do?

Tunde is worried that she has diabetes since a lot of her family has it. Which of the following blood findings would set her mind most at ease?

Humans in the World of Biology

Becoming a Patient: a Major Decision

Chemistry Comes to Life

The Cell

Body Organization and Homeostasis

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Neurons: the Matter of the Mind

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Special Topic: Drugs and the Mind

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Special Topic: Cardiovascular Disease

Body Defense Mechanisms

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Special Topic: the Obesity Epidemic

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Development Throughout Life

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Chromosomes and Cell Division

Stem Cellsa Repair Kit for the Body

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Evolution and Our Heritage

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