Exam 29: Genetics and Human Inheritance

________ are genes that exist in more than two allelic forms. The genes responsible for the human ABO blood types are an example of this phenomenon.

Match each definition to the correct term -People with dark hair usually also inherit dark eyes. Why is this usually the case?

A(n) ________ directs the making of a protein.

Which of the following is a condition caused by a sex-linked inheritance in which a male child will bleed extensively because he lacks the physiological properties to form a blood clot?

Match each definition to the correct term -This is what chromosomes other than X and Y are called.

What are the ethical and legal issues involved with gene testing?

In which condition are both alleles expressed in the heterozygous phenotype?

Individuals who carry different alleles for a given gene are considered ________ for those alleles.

Someone who is heterozygous for a recessive genetic illness is said to be ________.

A(n) ________ is someone who displays the dominant phenotype but who is heterozygous for a trait and can, therefore, pass the recessive allele to descendants.

The presence of the ________ chromosome means that a person will probably appear to be male.

Match each definition to the correct term -A chart showing the genetic connections among individuals in a family.

Carol has tested positive for phenylketonuria, or PKU, so let's help plan her diet when she gets to school. Which of the following foods should she be most careful about?

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is partly hereditary and, if uncontrolled, can lead to kidney disease and heart failure and an increased risk of stroke and blindness. From this information alone, you could say that DM2 is an example of ________.

If two chromosomes have the same genes for the same trait, they are said to be ________.

Mary died suddenly of an aortic aneurysm (the sudden bursting of one of the body's largest blood vessels). Which of the following conditions should her children worry most about?

Favism is a disease in which a person cannot tolerate a certain type of bean. It is caused by an X-linked, recessive gene. If Joe has it, which statement would be true?

Henry has the sickle-cell trait. Why might it be a bad idea for him to go on that hiking vacation that is being planned for the high Andes?

Match each definition to the correct term -A segment on a chromosome that directs the synthesis of a specific polypeptide or protein, which may play either a structural or functional role in the cell.

Hakeem, given up for adoption as an infant, has red-green color blindness. Is this fact useful in helping him to track down his biological father? Explain.