Question 1

How could lipids lead to a myocardial infarction?

Accepted Answer

The fat, arriving via low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), will be deposited on the arterial lining, which stimulates inflammation. The smooth muscle layer of the arteries will enlarge in response to the inflammatory (or defense) cells, and that will result in thickening of the arterial walls. Some defensive cells will take up more lipids, and fatty streaks will form on the arterial wall. These processes produce plaques, which can narrow the passageway within the artery, reducing blood flow. The plaque could rupture, and a blood clot may form. At that point, the artery may be so narrow that the cells it serves will no longer get the oxygen they need and then die. When this happens in the heart, it can cause heart attack.

Question 2

When a leg vein is grafted to provide an alternate route around a point of obstruction between the aorta and a clogged coronary artery, the procedure is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  angioplasty 
B)  a stent 
C)  coronary bypass 
D)  coronary infarction 
A)  angioplasty 
B)  a stent 
C)  coronary bypass 
D)  coronary infarction C

Question 3

For which of these patients might Dr. Singh most appropriately prescribe a diuretic? The numbers represent their blood pressures.

Accepted Answer

A)  110/70 
B)  120/80 
C)  140/80 
D)  168/94 
A)  110/70 
B)  120/80 
C)  140/80 
D)  168/94 D

Question 4

Which of the following is caused by nicotine in cigarette smoke?

Accepted Answer

A)  faster heart rate 
B)  constriction of blood vessels 
C)  increased stickiness of platelets 
D)  Nicotine causes all of the above. 
A)  faster heart rate 
B)  constriction of blood vessels 
C)  increased stickiness of platelets 
D)  Nicotine causes all of the above.

Question 5

Viagra® works by dilating the arteries to the penis and other parts of the body. Why shouldn't a person use nitroglycerin at the same time that he is using Viagra®?

Accepted Answer

Both drugs will reduce the blood pressur

Question 6

In terms of public health, the major lethal effect of smoking is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lung cancer 
B)  oral-facial cancer 
C)  peptic ulcers 
D)  cardiovascular disease 
A)  lung cancer 
B)  oral-facial cancer 
C)  peptic ulcers 
D)  cardiovascular disease

Question 7

The path to a myocardial infarction starts with a fat-filled plaque blocking a coronary artery. This condition is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  atherosclerosis 
B)  coronary bypass 
C)  a stent 
D)  angioplasty 
A)  atherosclerosis 
B)  coronary bypass 
C)  a stent 
D)  angioplasty

Question 8

Which of the following lifestyle changes might be used to treat or prevent high blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  a diet high in carbohydrates 
B)  exercise regularly 
C)  significant loss of body weight 
D)  All of the above could help with high blood pressure. 
A)  a diet high in carbohydrates 
B)  exercise regularly 
C)  significant loss of body weight 
D)  All of the above could help with high blood pressure.

Question 9

During the summer of 2010, very large forest fires occurred in western Russia. At one point, the cloud of smoke spread over 1000 miles (approximately 1600 km), enveloping a number of cities. The smoke was thicker than any you would see in a tobacco store! Based on the information in this chapter alone, why do you think the daily death rate due to heart disease in Moscow doubled during that time?

Accepted Answer

The smoke plumes may have contained some

Question 10

Gee Yee was jogging up the hill next to your house when he suddenly had terrible, suffocating pain in his chest. You called the emergency medical technicians (EMTs), and Gee was rushed to the emergency room, where the medical staff will most likely perform this test, which involves the use of an x-ray machine.

Accepted Answer

A)  C-reactive protein 
B)  coronary angiography 
C)  electrocardiogram (or EKG, ECG) 
D)  Western blot 
A)  C-reactive protein 
B)  coronary angiography 
C)  electrocardiogram (or EKG, ECG) 
D)  Western blot

Question 11

Ashante is having surgery for a blocked coronary artery. The physician is inserting a catheter with a tiny balloon to open the blocked vessel. What is this procedure called, and what else might the physician do to keep the artery open in the long term?

Accepted Answer

The physician is performing an

Question 12

What are some ways that hypertension can kill?

Accepted Answer

Hypertension causes the heart to work ha

Question 13

Emeliano was flying nonstop from Los Angeles to Tokyo on an important business trip - more than 14 hours in the air. As a result of sitting with his legs bent not being able to walk around, which of the following circulatory conditions does he risk having?

Accepted Answer

A)  atherosclerosis 
B)  coronary angiography 
C)  deep vein thrombosis 
D)  low blood pressure 
A)  atherosclerosis 
B)  coronary angiography 
C)  deep vein thrombosis 
D)  low blood pressure

Exam 16: Special Topic: Cardiovascular Disease

How could lipids lead to a myocardial infarction?

When a leg vein is grafted to provide an alternate route around a point of obstruction between the aorta and a clogged coronary artery, the procedure is called ________.

For which of these patients might Dr. Singh most appropriately prescribe a diuretic? The numbers represent their blood pressures.

Which of the following is caused by nicotine in cigarette smoke?

Viagra® works by dilating the arteries to the penis and other parts of the body. Why shouldn't a person use nitroglycerin at the same time that he is using Viagra®?

In terms of public health, the major lethal effect of smoking is ________.

The path to a myocardial infarction starts with a fat-filled plaque blocking a coronary artery. This condition is called ________.

Which of the following lifestyle changes might be used to treat or prevent high blood pressure?

Ashante is having surgery for a blocked coronary artery. The physician is inserting a catheter with a tiny balloon to open the blocked vessel. What is this procedure called, and what else might the physician do to keep the artery open in the long term?

What are some ways that hypertension can kill?

Emeliano was flying nonstop from Los Angeles to Tokyo on an important business trip - more than 14 hours in the air. As a result of sitting with his legs bent not being able to walk around, which of the following circulatory conditions does he risk having?

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