Exam 7: Learning

The first few times you met Laura, your future girlfriend, for coffee, Bob Dylan was playing in the background. Later, whenever you happened to hear a Dylan song, it gave you a mysterious feeling of joy. In this case Bob Dylan's music has become __________.

Based on what you know about contingencies, what does the CS predict in classical conditioning?

When a dog salivates at meat, the salivation is __________.

George failed to pay his Visa bill, and as a result he receives frequent phone calls from a bill collector. George comes to associate the sound of a ringing telephone with a feeling of dread. After he pays his Visa bill, the threatening telephone calls stop, and George no longer reacts with dread to the sound of a ringing telephone. What does this exemplify?

Biff had always thought of himself as a great student until Professor Merlin began failing him on every paper. Gradually, the sight of Professor Merlin caused Biff to suffer anxiety. Soon, even when he saw the professor's car, Biff got anxious. What is Biff's anxious response to Professor Merlin's car an example of?

The pupil of the eye automatically constricts when a bright light is directed at the eye. What does this illustrate?

On what is learned taste aversion based?

More than anything else, when the early empiricist philosophers sought to offer an account of learning, they focused on __________.

Which of the following philosophers would NOT be considered an empiricist?

Which of the following will usually result in experimental extinction?

When does the most effective conditioning occur?

Tom has a strong phobia of motorcycles after nearly being killed by riding his Harley-Davidson too fast. When Tom hears or sees a motorcycle, he starts to sweat, his heart races, and he trembles. To what phenomenon can Tom's phobia best be attributed?

Once a CS-US relationship is established, the original CS can serve to condition another neutral stimulus that then acts as a new CS. What is this process called?

Animals appear to be amazingly skilled at making fine discriminations and can, for instance, use complex stimuli as a basis for controlling their behavior. Studies have shown that __________.

Signaled shock leads to __________, whereas unsignaled shock leads to __________.

What does instrumental conditioning involve?

A(n) __________ response is elicited by a US.

The normal defense reaction of species XYZ involves wing flapping in the face of danger. For these birds, according to the principle of belongingness, which of the following responses would be easiest to learn?

A rat in an operant chamber is reinforced according to a VI 30 schedule of reinforcement. How often will the rat receive food pellets for responding?

Which of the following is an example of instrumental conditioning?