Question 1

Match the following:
-Cells that can build bony matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) Lamellae 
B) Osteoblasts 
C) Endosteum 
D) Canaliculi 
E) Osteoclasts 
A) Lamellae 
B) Osteoblasts 
C) Endosteum 
D) Canaliculi 
E) Osteoclasts

Question 2

What is the structural unit of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  the osteon 
B)  lamellar bone 
C)  osseous matrix 
D)  spongy bone 
A)  the osteon 
B)  lamellar bone 
C)  osseous matrix 
D)  spongy bone

Question 3

Lengthwise,long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcification of the matrix of the zone underlying articular cartilage 
B)  interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates 
C)  differentiation of osteoclasts into osteocytes 
D)  the secretion of bone matrix into the medullary cavity 
A)  calcification of the matrix of the zone underlying articular cartilage 
B)  interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates 
C)  differentiation of osteoclasts into osteocytes 
D)  the secretion of bone matrix into the medullary cavity

Question 4

Figure 6.1
Using Figure 6.1, match the following bone types with the numbered structure:
 
-Bone 4.

Accepted Answer

A) Irregular 
B) Flat 
C) Sesamoid 
D) Short 
E) Long 
A) Irregular 
B) Flat 
C) Sesamoid 
D) Short 
E) Long

Question 5

The resilience of bone is thought to come from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  presence of osteoblasts in the bone 
B)  amount of mineral salt and protein in the bone 
C)  amount of mineral salts in the bone 
D)  sacrificial bonds in or between collagen molecules 
A)  presence of osteoblasts in the bone 
B)  amount of mineral salt and protein in the bone 
C)  amount of mineral salts in the bone 
D)  sacrificial bonds in or between collagen molecules

Question 6

The periosteum is a tissue that serves only to protect the bone because it is not supplied with nerves or blood vessels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Sixty-five percent of the mass of bone is a compound called hydroxyapatite.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Match the following:
-Common sports fracture resulting from a twisting force.

Accepted Answer

A) Greenstick 
B) Comminuted 
C) Spiral 
A) Greenstick 
B) Comminuted 
C) Spiral

Question 9

Ossification of the ends of long bones ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is a characteristic of intramembranous bone formation 
B)  involves medullary cavity formation 
C)  takes twice as long as diaphysis ossification 
D)  is produced by secondary ossification centers 
A)  is a characteristic of intramembranous bone formation 
B)  involves medullary cavity formation 
C)  takes twice as long as diaphysis ossification 
D)  is produced by secondary ossification centers

Question 10

When does prevention of osteoporosis start?

Accepted Answer

The prevention of osteoporosis should be

Question 11

The term diploë refers to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal layer of spongy bone in flat bones 
B)  fact that most bones are formed of two types of bone tissue 
C)  two types of marrow found within most bones 
D)  double-layered nature of the connective tissue covering the bone 
A)  internal layer of spongy bone in flat bones 
B)  fact that most bones are formed of two types of bone tissue 
C)  two types of marrow found within most bones 
D)  double-layered nature of the connective tissue covering the bone

Question 12

Compact bone is replaced more often than spongy bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length until early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphyseal line 
B)  lacuna 
C)  epiphyseal plate 
D)  osteon 
A)  epiphyseal line 
B)  lacuna 
C)  epiphyseal plate 
D)  osteon

Question 14

Which of the following is implicated in osteoporosis in older women?

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen deficiency due to menopause 
B)  heritage such as African or Mediterranean 
C)  poor posture 
D)  abnormal PTH receptors 
A)  estrogen deficiency due to menopause 
B)  heritage such as African or Mediterranean 
C)  poor posture 
D)  abnormal PTH receptors

Question 15

Match the following:
-The growth pattern of bone in which matrix is laid down on the surface.

Accepted Answer

A) Intramembranous ossification 
B) Appositional growth 
C) Epiphyseal line 
D) Chondrocytes 
E) Epiphyseal plate 
A) Intramembranous ossification 
B) Appositional growth 
C) Epiphyseal line 
D) Chondrocytes 
E) Epiphyseal plate

Question 16

Cartilage grows in two ways,appositional and interstitial.What is appositional growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  the secretion of new matrix against the external face of existing cartilage 
B)  the lengthening of hyaline cartilage 
C)  along the edges only of existing osteons, making each osteon larger 
D)  growth at the epiphyseal plate 
A)  the secretion of new matrix against the external face of existing cartilage 
B)  the lengthening of hyaline cartilage 
C)  along the edges only of existing osteons, making each osteon larger 
D)  growth at the epiphyseal plate

Question 17

In some cases the epiphyseal plate of the long bones of children closes too early.What might be the cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  elevated levels of sex hormones 
B)  too much vitamin D in the diet 
C)  overproduction of thyroid hormone 
D)  osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity 
A)  elevated levels of sex hormones 
B)  too much vitamin D in the diet 
C)  overproduction of thyroid hormone 
D)  osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity

Question 18

In newborn infants,the medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bone contain yellow bone marrow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Compare the function of the organic materials in the bone matrix with the function of the inorganic materials in the matrix.

Accepted Answer

The organic matrix contributes

Question 20

Closure of the epiphyseal plate stops all bone growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 6: Bones and Skeletal Tissue

Match the following: -Cells that can build bony matrix.

What is the structural unit of compact bone?

Lengthwise,long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ________.

Figure 6.1 Using Figure 6.1, match the following bone types with the numbered structure: -Bone 4.

The resilience of bone is thought to come from which of the following?

The periosteum is a tissue that serves only to protect the bone because it is not supplied with nerves or blood vessels.

Sixty-five percent of the mass of bone is a compound called hydroxyapatite.

Match the following: -Common sports fracture resulting from a twisting force.

Ossification of the ends of long bones ________.

When does prevention of osteoporosis start?

The term diploë refers to the ________.

Compact bone is replaced more often than spongy bone.

Which structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length until early childhood?

Which of the following is implicated in osteoporosis in older women?

Match the following: -The growth pattern of bone in which matrix is laid down on the surface.

Cartilage grows in two ways,appositional and interstitial.What is appositional growth?

In some cases the epiphyseal plate of the long bones of children closes too early.What might be the cause?

In newborn infants,the medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bone contain yellow bone marrow.

Compare the function of the organic materials in the bone matrix with the function of the inorganic materials in the matrix.

Closure of the epiphyseal plate stops all bone growth.

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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