Exam 4: Society

Looking over the long course of history, Durkheim claimed that societies change as _____ gives way to _____.

What importance did Karl Marx attach to social conflict between classes?

Karl Marx argued that society's infrastructure and superstructure are always in conflict.

Agriculture differs from horticulture because it makes use of animal-drawn plows that can cultivate much more land.

Max Weber used the concept "rationalization of society" to point to historical change from tradition to rationality as the dominant mode of human thought.

About 100 years have passed since Marx, Weber, and Durkheim wrote about modern society.Provide at least one change in U.S.society over that period of time that confirms the correctness of each theorist's analysis.Can you point to a change that seems at odds with his theory in each case?

According to Lenski, the term "sociocultural evolution" refers to

Gerhard Lenski used the concept "sociocultural evolution" to refer to how technological innovation changes the shape of societies.

Identify the seven traits that define rational social organization, according to Max Weber.What makes these traits "rational"?

Which of the following concepts refers to people who interact in a defined territory and who share a culture?

Weber viewed rationality as a liberating force that would free the human spirit. REMEMBER;

Humans first planted gardens in which region of the world?

Karl Marx used a philosophical approach called _____, while Max Weber followed an approach called _____.

Where in the world did large-scale cultivation or farming first develop?

Which sociologist demonstrated how a particular worldview set in motion the reshaping of all society?

Which of the following would likely be a question Emile Durkheim would ask about computer technology and the Information Revolution?

The Information Revolution has been most evident in the poor nations of the world.

Of the following sociologists, which one was most interested in how society is divided?

According to Karl Marx, what is one good thing about capitalism? At the same time, in his view, why does capitalism fail as an economic system?

Emile Durkheim viewed society as an external, objective reality.