Question 1

Which of the following types of society has the most productive specialization?

Accepted Answer

A) hunting and gathering 
B) horticultural and pastoral 
C) agrarian 
D) industrial 
A) hunting and gathering 
B) horticultural and pastoral 
C) agrarian 
D) industrial

Question 2

Compared to an industrial society, a postindustrial society is based on

Accepted Answer

A) an information-based economy. 
B) a factory-based economy. 
C) an immigrant labor force. 
D) a less productive economy. 
A) an information-based economy. 
B) a factory-based economy. 
C) an immigrant labor force. 
D) a less productive economy.

Question 3

Weber believed that people living in preindustrial societies hold strongly to rationality, while members of industrial societies celebrate tradition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Forces of nature have the greatest effect on societies with the simplest technology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

For Max Weber, an "ideal type" meant something that was the very best of its kind.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Karl Marx argued that the dominant social institution is

Accepted Answer

A) the family. 
B) religion. 
C) politics. 
D) the economy. 
A) the family. 
B) religion. 
C) politics. 
D) the economy.

Question 7

Gerhard Lenski claims that the development of more complex technology

Accepted Answer

A) is entirely positive. 
B) has both positive and negative effects. 
C) is entirely negative. 
D) has no effect on the quality of human life. 
A) is entirely positive. 
B) has both positive and negative effects. 
C) is entirely negative. 
D) has no effect on the quality of human life.

Question 8

Marx called those who own and operate factories and other businesses in pursuit of profits

Accepted Answer

A) proletarians. 
B) peasants. 
C) capitalists. 
D) burghers. 
A) proletarians. 
B) peasants. 
C) capitalists. 
D) burghers.

Question 9

Durkheim explained that organic solidarity is based on

Accepted Answer

A) specialization and interdependence. 
B) collective conscience. 
C) shared moral values. 
D) common cultural heritage. 
A) specialization and interdependence. 
B) collective conscience. 
C) shared moral values. 
D) common cultural heritage.

Question 10

Which of the following would likely be a question Emile Durkheim would ask about the 2001 terrorist attacks?

Accepted Answer

A) How did these attacks unite people across the United States? 
B) Which class benefits most from the war on terror? 
C) What new kinds of technology will come out of this crisis? 
D) How might the attacks increase bureaucracy and the power of government? 
A) How did these attacks unite people across the United States? 
B) Which class benefits most from the war on terror? 
C) What new kinds of technology will come out of this crisis? 
D) How might the attacks increase bureaucracy and the power of government?

Question 11

The birth of sociology took place during the early development of which type of society?

Accepted Answer

A) pastoral 
B) horticultural 
C) industrial 
D) agrarian 
A) pastoral 
B) horticultural 
C) industrial 
D) agrarian

Question 12

As societies generate a greater productive surplus, their people generally

Accepted Answer

A) become more socially equal. 
B) engage in more productive specialization. 
C) become less warlike. 
D) All of these are correct. 
A) become more socially equal. 
B) engage in more productive specialization. 
C) become less warlike. 
D) All of these are correct.

Question 13

As Marx used this concept, "alienation" meant

Accepted Answer

A) the sense of not knowing right from wrong. 
B) that most people do not want to work at all. 
C) that people object to highly specialized work. 
D) the experience of isolation and misery resulting from powerlessness. 
A) the sense of not knowing right from wrong. 
B) that most people do not want to work at all. 
C) that people object to highly specialized work. 
D) the experience of isolation and misery resulting from powerlessness.

Question 14

Describe Gerhard Lenski's model of sociocultural evolution, summarizing several key traits of each stage.What major technological revolutions have reshaped human societies in the past?

Accepted Answer

Gerhard Lenski's model of sociocultural

Question 15

Karl Marx considered capitalism to be _____, but Max Weber argued that capitalism was very _____.

Accepted Answer

A) irrational; rational 
B) rational; irrational 
C) unproductive; productive 
D) productive; unproductive 
A) irrational; rational 
B) rational; irrational 
C) unproductive; productive 
D) productive; unproductive

Question 16

Karl Marx believed that the industrial-capitalist system was

Accepted Answer

A) very productive. 
B) concentrating wealth in the hands of a few. 
C) giving rise to the concepts of capitalists and proletarians. 
D) All of these are correct. 
A) very productive. 
B) concentrating wealth in the hands of a few. 
C) giving rise to the concepts of capitalists and proletarians. 
D) All of these are correct.

Question 17

Marx claimed that capitalism alienated workers from their work as well as from each other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Karl Marx and Max Weber agreed that modern society generates alienation, although they each concluded that it was for different reasons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In hunting and gathering societies

Accepted Answer

A) men and women do almost entirely the same tasks. 
B) men hunt animals while women gather vegetation. 
C) women hunt animals while men gather vegetation. 
D) men and women work together as hunters. 
A) men and women do almost entirely the same tasks. 
B) men hunt animals while women gather vegetation. 
C) women hunt animals while men gather vegetation. 
D) men and women work together as hunters.

Question 20

Pastoral and horticultural societies are not capable of a productive surplus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Society

Which of the following types of society has the most productive specialization?

Compared to an industrial society, a postindustrial society is based on

Weber believed that people living in preindustrial societies hold strongly to rationality, while members of industrial societies celebrate tradition.

Forces of nature have the greatest effect on societies with the simplest technology.

For Max Weber, an "ideal type" meant something that was the very best of its kind.

Karl Marx argued that the dominant social institution is

Gerhard Lenski claims that the development of more complex technology

Marx called those who own and operate factories and other businesses in pursuit of profits

Durkheim explained that organic solidarity is based on

Which of the following would likely be a question Emile Durkheim would ask about the 2001 terrorist attacks?

The birth of sociology took place during the early development of which type of society?

As societies generate a greater productive surplus, their people generally

As Marx used this concept, "alienation" meant

Describe Gerhard Lenski's model of sociocultural evolution, summarizing several key traits of each stage.What major technological revolutions have reshaped human societies in the past?

Karl Marx considered capitalism to be _____, but Max Weber argued that capitalism was very _____.

Karl Marx believed that the industrial-capitalist system was

Marx claimed that capitalism alienated workers from their work as well as from each other.

Karl Marx and Max Weber agreed that modern society generates alienation, although they each concluded that it was for different reasons.

In hunting and gathering societies

Pastoral and horticultural societies are not capable of a productive surplus.

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