Question 1

How is erosion different from weathering?

Accepted Answer

A) Erosion is the process of removing sediment from weathered rock. 
B) Erosion produces more sediment than weathering. 
C) Erosion produces less sediment than weathering. 
D) Erosion and weathering are different ways of saying the same thing. 
A) Erosion is the process of removing sediment from weathered rock. 
B) Erosion produces more sediment than weathering. 
C) Erosion produces less sediment than weathering. 
D) Erosion and weathering are different ways of saying the same thing.

Question 2

Plutonic rocks subjected to high temperature and pressure transform by

Accepted Answer

A) recrystallization of existing mineral grains. 
B) deformation of mineral grains. 
C) melting down of existing minerals. 
D) any of these 
A) recrystallization of existing mineral grains. 
B) deformation of mineral grains. 
C) melting down of existing minerals. 
D) any of these

Question 3

The silicates are the largest mineral group because silicon and oxygen are

Accepted Answer

A) the hardest elements on Earth's surface. 
B) the two most abundant elements in Earth's crust. 
C) found in the common mineral quartz. 
A) the hardest elements on Earth's surface. 
B) the two most abundant elements in Earth's crust. 
C) found in the common mineral quartz.

Question 4

The metamorphic property of flat or elongated mineral grains in parallel layers is called

Accepted Answer

A) schist. 
B) cleavage. 
C) foliation. 
D) lithification. 
A) schist. 
B) cleavage. 
C) foliation. 
D) lithification.

Question 5

Igneous rock is formed from

Accepted Answer

A) crystallization of molten magma. 
B) high temperatures and pressures. 
C) solidified lava beneath the Earth's surface. 
D) any of these 
A) crystallization of molten magma. 
B) high temperatures and pressures. 
C) solidified lava beneath the Earth's surface. 
D) any of these

Question 6

The first minerals to crystallize are those having the

Accepted Answer

A) higher melting point. 
B) lower melting point. 
C) higher pressure. 
D) lower pressure 
A) higher melting point. 
B) lower melting point. 
C) higher pressure. 
D) lower pressure

Question 7

The process of crystallization acts to

Accepted Answer

A) enrich the molten magma in silica. 
B) deplete the molten magma of silica. 
C) enrich the crystallized minerals in silica. 
D) none of the above. 
A) enrich the molten magma in silica. 
B) deplete the molten magma of silica. 
C) enrich the crystallized minerals in silica. 
D) none of the above.

Question 8

Minerals are composed of

Accepted Answer

A) silicon compounds. 
B) common types of rocks. 
C) homogenous solids. 
D) inorganic solids. 
A) silicon compounds. 
B) common types of rocks. 
C) homogenous solids. 
D) inorganic solids.

Question 9

Silica has a relatively

Accepted Answer

A) low percentage of silicon. 
B) high percentage of silicon 
A) low percentage of silicon. 
B) high percentage of silicon

Question 10

The largest volumes of magma extruded on the continents are

Accepted Answer

A) flood and plateau basalts. 
B) central-vent type volcanoes. 
C) batholiths. 
D) from volcanoes with a high silica content. 
A) flood and plateau basalts. 
B) central-vent type volcanoes. 
C) batholiths. 
D) from volcanoes with a high silica content.

Question 11

In a cooling magma, which minerals are the first to crystallize?

Accepted Answer

Minerals with high m

Question 12

Metamorphic foliation is

Accepted Answer

A) the same as sedimentary layering. 
B) the prominent orientation of recrystallized minerals. 
C) caused by the interaction with chemical fluids. 
D) a layered appearance caused by mineral growth perpendicular to direction of pressure. 
A) the same as sedimentary layering. 
B) the prominent orientation of recrystallized minerals. 
C) caused by the interaction with chemical fluids. 
D) a layered appearance caused by mineral growth perpendicular to direction of pressure.

Question 13

Sediments convert to rock when they undergo

Accepted Answer

A) compaction and cementation. 
B) lithification. 
C) both A and B. 
A) compaction and cementation. 
B) lithification. 
C) both A and B.

Question 14

Basaltic volcanic eruptions tend to be

Accepted Answer

A) slow moving and highly viscous. 
B) very fluid and highly viscous. 
C) slow moving with a low viscosity. 
D) very fluid and have a low viscosity. 
A) slow moving and highly viscous. 
B) very fluid and highly viscous. 
C) slow moving with a low viscosity. 
D) very fluid and have a low viscosity.

Question 15

The most common igneous rock is

Accepted Answer

A) basalt. 
B) andesite. 
C) granite. 
D) none of these 
A) basalt. 
B) andesite. 
C) granite. 
D) none of these

Question 16

Galena belongs to the class of minerals known as the

Accepted Answer

A) sulfides. 
B) sulfates. 
C) silicates. 
D) carbonates. 
A) sulfides. 
B) sulfates. 
C) silicates. 
D) carbonates.

Question 17

Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed from

Accepted Answer

A) biochemical interactions. 
B) carbonization. 
C) the precipitation of minerals from a water solution. 
D) evaporites. 
A) biochemical interactions. 
B) carbonization. 
C) the precipitation of minerals from a water solution. 
D) evaporites.

Question 18

Layered sedimentary rocks and foliated metamorphic rocks share similarities because

Accepted Answer

A) most foliated metamorphic rocks are derived from layered sedimentary rocks. 
B) they both are formed layer upon layer. 
C) the minerals in these two types of rocks form in parallel planes. 
D) both rock types are subjected to compressive forces. 
A) most foliated metamorphic rocks are derived from layered sedimentary rocks. 
B) they both are formed layer upon layer. 
C) the minerals in these two types of rocks form in parallel planes. 
D) both rock types are subjected to compressive forces.

Question 19

A mineral deposit can be classified as an ore deposit when

Accepted Answer

A) valuable metals are present in the deposit. 
B) valuable metals in the deposit can be mined at a profit. 
C) it contains valuable fossil fuels. 
D) it contains valuable gemstone quality minerals. 
A) valuable metals are present in the deposit. 
B) valuable metals in the deposit can be mined at a profit. 
C) it contains valuable fossil fuels. 
D) it contains valuable gemstone quality minerals.

Question 20

Mohs scale is based on minerals that have different

Accepted Answer

A) cleavage directions. 
B) colors. 
C) hardnesses. 
D) shapes. 
A) cleavage directions. 
B) colors. 
C) hardnesses. 
D) shapes.

Exam 20: Rocks and Minerals

How is erosion different from weathering?

Plutonic rocks subjected to high temperature and pressure transform by

The silicates are the largest mineral group because silicon and oxygen are

The metamorphic property of flat or elongated mineral grains in parallel layers is called

Igneous rock is formed from

The first minerals to crystallize are those having the

The process of crystallization acts to

Minerals are composed of

Silica has a relatively

The largest volumes of magma extruded on the continents are

In a cooling magma, which minerals are the first to crystallize?

Metamorphic foliation is

Sediments convert to rock when they undergo

Basaltic volcanic eruptions tend to be

The most common igneous rock is

Galena belongs to the class of minerals known as the

Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed from

Layered sedimentary rocks and foliated metamorphic rocks share similarities because

A mineral deposit can be classified as an ore deposit when

Mohs scale is based on minerals that have different

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

Atoms and the Periodic Table

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Timereading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: the Nature of Science

Filters