Question 1

The layered appearance of foliated metamorphic rocks is due to the

Accepted Answer

A) laying down of micaceous minerals, layer upon layer. 
B) realignment of sheet-structured minerals so that they are perpendicular to compressive forces. 
C) recrystallization of minerals. 
D) mechanical deformation of sheet-structured minerals. 
A) laying down of micaceous minerals, layer upon layer. 
B) realignment of sheet-structured minerals so that they are perpendicular to compressive forces. 
C) recrystallization of minerals. 
D) mechanical deformation of sheet-structured minerals.

Question 2

Similar to the crystallization of silicate minerals, the crystallization of evaporite minerals occurs in a step-by-step process. The evaporite minerals that are the most difficult to dissolve

Accepted Answer

A) precipitate last. 
B) precipitate first followed by the minerals that dissolve more easily. 
C) have the lowest solubility and are the last to precipitate. 
D) have the highest solubility and are the first to precipitate. 
A) precipitate last. 
B) precipitate first followed by the minerals that dissolve more easily. 
C) have the lowest solubility and are the last to precipitate. 
D) have the highest solubility and are the first to precipitate.

Question 3

The most common carbonate rock is

Accepted Answer

A) dolomite. 
B) calcite. 
C) halite. 
D) limestone. 
A) dolomite. 
B) calcite. 
C) halite. 
D) limestone.

Question 4

The largest volcano on Earth is a

Accepted Answer

A) shield volcano. 
B) cinder cone. 
C) composite cone. 
D) lava plateau. 
A) shield volcano. 
B) cinder cone. 
C) composite cone. 
D) lava plateau.

Question 5

The most common igneous rock is formed from

Accepted Answer

A) basaltic magma. 
B) andesitic magma. 
C) granitic magma. 
D) none of these 
A) basaltic magma. 
B) andesitic magma. 
C) granitic magma. 
D) none of these

Question 6

When the mineral assemblage of a rock changes due to high temperature and pressure, the rock undergoes

Accepted Answer

A) crystal deformation. 
B) secondary metamorphism. 
C) recrystallization. 
D) all of the above 
A) crystal deformation. 
B) secondary metamorphism. 
C) recrystallization. 
D) all of the above

Question 7

The volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands are

Accepted Answer

A) stratovolcanoes. 
B) composed of andesite. 
C) shield volcanoes. 
D) cinder cones. 
A) stratovolcanoes. 
B) composed of andesite. 
C) shield volcanoes. 
D) cinder cones.

Question 8

The property of a mineral to break along planes of weakness is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) cleavage. 
B) hardness. 
C) fracture. 
D) bond strength. 
A) cleavage. 
B) hardness. 
C) fracture. 
D) bond strength.

Question 9

How does sediment turn into sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

The transformation of sediments to sedim

Question 10

The most common outpouring of lava occurs as

Accepted Answer

A) volcanic eruptions. 
B) carbonates. 
C) conglomerates. 
D) fissure eruptions. 
A) volcanic eruptions. 
B) carbonates. 
C) conglomerates. 
D) fissure eruptions.

Question 11

A mineral that is not a silicate is

Accepted Answer

A) feldspar. 
B) mica. 
C) calcite. 
D) quartz. 
A) feldspar. 
B) mica. 
C) calcite. 
D) quartz.

Question 12

A composite volcano is formed by

Accepted Answer

A) successive flows of fluid basaltic lava. 
B) a mixture of rock and lava. 
C) alternating layers of lava, ash, and mud flow debris. 
D) the accumulation of ash, cinders, and rock debris. 
A) successive flows of fluid basaltic lava. 
B) a mixture of rock and lava. 
C) alternating layers of lava, ash, and mud flow debris. 
D) the accumulation of ash, cinders, and rock debris.

Question 13

The first minerals to crystallize from a cooling magma have a

Accepted Answer

A) high melting point and a low silica content. 
B) low melting point and a high silica content. 
C) high melting point and a high silica content. 
D) low melting point and a low silica content. 
A) high melting point and a low silica content. 
B) low melting point and a high silica content. 
C) high melting point and a high silica content. 
D) low melting point and a low silica content.

Question 14

All minerals are

Accepted Answer

A) organic. 
B) crystals. 
C) crystalline solids. 
D) synthetic. 
A) organic. 
B) crystals. 
C) crystalline solids. 
D) synthetic.

Question 15

Zoned sequences of minerals are a characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A) contact metamorphism. 
B) regional metamorphism. 
C) foliated metamorphism. 
D) mechanical deformation. 
A) contact metamorphism. 
B) regional metamorphism. 
C) foliated metamorphism. 
D) mechanical deformation.

Question 16

Batholiths are massive plutons formed from the intrusion of

Accepted Answer

A) andesitic magma. 
B) granitic magma. 
C) basaltic magma. 
D) all of these 
A) andesitic magma. 
B) granitic magma. 
C) basaltic magma. 
D) all of these

Question 17

Which of the following properties most clearly reflects the internal arrangement of atoms in a crystalline material?

Accepted Answer

A) color 
B) cleavage 
C) luster 
D) density 
A) color 
B) cleavage 
C) luster 
D) density

Question 18

The process of crystallization enriches a magma in

Accepted Answer

A) silica. 
B) minerals that have low melting points. 
C) silica and other minerals that have low melting points. 
D) all of the above. 
A) silica. 
B) minerals that have low melting points. 
C) silica and other minerals that have low melting points. 
D) all of the above.

Question 19

Igneous rocks are formed by the

Accepted Answer

A) melting and transformation of minerals in Earth's interior. 
B) cooling and crystallization of molten magma. 
C) partial crystallization of granitic magma. 
D) cooling and crystallization of molten lava in Earth's interior. 
A) melting and transformation of minerals in Earth's interior. 
B) cooling and crystallization of molten magma. 
C) partial crystallization of granitic magma. 
D) cooling and crystallization of molten lava in Earth's interior.

Question 20

As the process of crystallization continues (from molten liquid to solid crystal)the composition of the molten liquid becomes

Accepted Answer

A) depleted in the minerals that have already crystallized. 
B) enriched in the minerals that have already crystallized. 
C) depleted in the minerals that have yet to crystallize. 
D) enriched in the minerals that have yet to crystallize. 
E) both A and D
F) both B and C 
A) depleted in the minerals that have already crystallized. 
B) enriched in the minerals that have already crystallized. 
C) depleted in the minerals that have yet to crystallize. 
D) enriched in the minerals that have yet to crystallize. 
E) both A and D
F) both B and C

Exam 20: Rocks and Minerals

The layered appearance of foliated metamorphic rocks is due to the

Similar to the crystallization of silicate minerals, the crystallization of evaporite minerals occurs in a step-by-step process. The evaporite minerals that are the most difficult to dissolve

The most common carbonate rock is

The largest volcano on Earth is a

The most common igneous rock is formed from

When the mineral assemblage of a rock changes due to high temperature and pressure, the rock undergoes

The volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands are

The property of a mineral to break along planes of weakness is referred to as

How does sediment turn into sedimentary rock?

The most common outpouring of lava occurs as

A mineral that is not a silicate is

A composite volcano is formed by

The first minerals to crystallize from a cooling magma have a

All minerals are

Zoned sequences of minerals are a characteristic of

Batholiths are massive plutons formed from the intrusion of

Which of the following properties most clearly reflects the internal arrangement of atoms in a crystalline material?

The process of crystallization enriches a magma in

Igneous rocks are formed by the

As the process of crystallization continues (from molten liquid to solid crystal)the composition of the molten liquid becomes

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

Atoms and the Periodic Table

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Timereading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: the Nature of Science

Filters