Question 1

Which of the following statements about sewage is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) All municipalities must treat sewage the same way. 
B) All municipalities must treat sewage. 
C) Once treated, sewage is released to the environment. 
D) Treated sewage becomes drinking water downstream. 
E) None of the above are true. 
A) All municipalities must treat sewage the same way. 
B) All municipalities must treat sewage. 
C) Once treated, sewage is released to the environment. 
D) Treated sewage becomes drinking water downstream. 
E) None of the above are true. A

Question 2

Red blood cells have a high concentration of dissolved ions. When placed into pure water they rupture. Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Osmosis draws water into the cell until it pops. 
B) Water dissolves the cell membrane. 
C) Osmosis draws water out of the cell until it tears. 
D) The cells are not stable outside of a biological host. 
E) none of the above 
A) Osmosis draws water into the cell until it pops. 
B) Water dissolves the cell membrane. 
C) Osmosis draws water out of the cell until it tears. 
D) The cells are not stable outside of a biological host. 
E) none of the above A

Question 3

Which of the following might best describe the product obtained from soap and hard water (i.e., soap scum)?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) none of the above 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) none of the above C

Question 4

If you need 3.01 × 1023 molecules of sucrose, how many liters of a 4.00 molar solution would you need?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.125 L 
B) 0.250 L 
C) 4.00 L 
D) 1.00 L 
E) none of the above 
A) 0.125 L 
B) 0.250 L 
C) 4.00 L 
D) 1.00 L 
E) none of the above

Question 5

What is the purpose of allowing water to cascade or bubble in a fountain during the purification process?

Accepted Answer

A) to mix air into the water and improve flavor 
B) to remove radioactive gases 
C) to remove unpleasant smelling chemicals like sulfur 
D) all of the above 
E) only A and B 
A) to mix air into the water and improve flavor 
B) to remove radioactive gases 
C) to remove unpleasant smelling chemicals like sulfur 
D) all of the above 
E) only A and B

Question 6

What is the main difference between a soap and a detergent?

Accepted Answer

A) Soaps are made from fatty acids, detergents are synthetic. 
B) Soaps are biodegradable, detergents are not. 
C) Detergents are better than soaps. 
D) Soaps are all natural. 
E) Soaps and detergents are exactly the same. 
A) Soaps are made from fatty acids, detergents are synthetic. 
B) Soaps are biodegradable, detergents are not. 
C) Detergents are better than soaps. 
D) Soaps are all natural. 
E) Soaps and detergents are exactly the same.

Question 7

How would you classify the following material? coffee (black)

Accepted Answer

A) a suspension 
B) a heterogeneous mixture 
C) a solution 
D) an element 
E) a compound 
A) a suspension 
B) a heterogeneous mixture 
C) a solution 
D) an element 
E) a compound

Question 8

Why does oxygen have such a low solubility in water?

Accepted Answer

A) Water's attraction for itself is stronger than its attraction for oxygen molecules. 
B) Water and oxygen only attract one another by means of weak dipole-induced dipole attractions. 
C) The hydrogen bonding in water keeps the oxygen solubility low. 
D) Both A and B are true. 
A) Water's attraction for itself is stronger than its attraction for oxygen molecules. 
B) Water and oxygen only attract one another by means of weak dipole-induced dipole attractions. 
C) The hydrogen bonding in water keeps the oxygen solubility low. 
D) Both A and B are true.

Question 9

Some people fear drinking distilled water because they have heard it leaches minerals from the body. What scientifically sound information might be offered to such a person?

Accepted Answer

A) add small amounts of salt to the distilled water before drinking it 
B) chill the distilled water to decrease its leaching potential 
C) buy distilled water that has also undergone reverse osmosis 
D) Distilled water is relatively pure water, which loses its purity once it mixes with everything else in your stomach. 
A) add small amounts of salt to the distilled water before drinking it 
B) chill the distilled water to decrease its leaching potential 
C) buy distilled water that has also undergone reverse osmosis 
D) Distilled water is relatively pure water, which loses its purity once it mixes with everything else in your stomach.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about desalinization is untrue?

Accepted Answer

A) You can use osmosis to remove salt from saltwater. 
B) You can use distillation to separate salt from saltwater. 
C) Desalinization is an energy intensive process. 
D) All are untrue. 
E) Only a and b are untrue. 
A) You can use osmosis to remove salt from saltwater. 
B) You can use distillation to separate salt from saltwater. 
C) Desalinization is an energy intensive process. 
D) All are untrue. 
E) Only a and b are untrue.

Question 11

Half-frozen fruit punch is always sweeter than the same fruit punch completely melted because

Accepted Answer

A) the sugar sinks to the bottom. 
B) crystallization is a purifying process. 
C) the half-frozen fruit punch is warmer. 
D) sugar molecules are less soluble in a half-frozen solution. 
A) the sugar sinks to the bottom. 
B) crystallization is a purifying process. 
C) the half-frozen fruit punch is warmer. 
D) sugar molecules are less soluble in a half-frozen solution.

Question 12

What property primarily determines the effect of temperature on the solubility of gas molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) the kinetic energy of the gas 
B) the polarity of the gas 
C) the molecular weight of the gas 
D) the ionic strength of the gas 
E) the dipole strength of the solvent 
A) the kinetic energy of the gas 
B) the polarity of the gas 
C) the molecular weight of the gas 
D) the ionic strength of the gas 
E) the dipole strength of the solvent

Question 13

How would you classify the following material? coffee (with milk)

Accepted Answer

A) a suspension 
B) a heterogeneous mixture 
C) a solution 
D) an element 
E) a compound 
A) a suspension 
B) a heterogeneous mixture 
C) a solution 
D) an element 
E) a compound

Question 14

Why might a solvent like turpentine be better for removing grease and grime than water?

Accepted Answer

A) Like dissolves like. 
B) Oil and grease have similar interatomic forces as the turpentine and so are more soluble. 
C) Water is too polar and doesn't interact well with the nonpolar oils. 
D) Oil and grease have very limited solubility in the water. 
E) all of the above 
A) Like dissolves like. 
B) Oil and grease have similar interatomic forces as the turpentine and so are more soluble. 
C) Water is too polar and doesn't interact well with the nonpolar oils. 
D) Oil and grease have very limited solubility in the water. 
E) all of the above

Question 15

What is the purpose of treating water with chlorine gas or ozone during water purification?

Accepted Answer

A) to kill bacteria 
B) to improve taste 
C) to improve color 
D) to remove solids 
E) none of the above 
A) to kill bacteria 
B) to improve taste 
C) to improve color 
D) to remove solids 
E) none of the above

Question 16

What is molarity?

Accepted Answer

A) the number of moles of solute per liter of solution 
B) the number of grams of solute per liter of solution 
C) the number of moles of solute per liter of solvent 
D) the number of liters of solute per mole of solution 
E) none of the above 
A) the number of moles of solute per liter of solution 
B) the number of grams of solute per liter of solution 
C) the number of moles of solute per liter of solvent 
D) the number of liters of solute per mole of solution 
E) none of the above

Question 17

What do chicken noodle soup and garden soil have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) They are both examples of heterogeneous mixtures. 
B) They both contain elements. 
C) They are both examples of compounds. 
D) nothing 
A) They are both examples of heterogeneous mixtures. 
B) They both contain elements. 
C) They are both examples of compounds. 
D) nothing

Question 18

A solid has a solubility at room temperature of 78 grams per liter. If 1.0 L of a hot solution containing 100. g of solute is cooled to room temperature, how much solid is formed?

Accepted Answer

A) 22 g 
B) 100 g 
C) 78 g 
D) 1 L 
E) 78g/L 
A) 22 g 
B) 100 g 
C) 78 g 
D) 1 L 
E) 78g/L

Question 19

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Accepted Answer

A) A mixture can be physically separated into its components; a compound cannot be physically separated into its components. 
B) A compound can be physically separated into its components; a mixture cannot be physically separated into its components. 
C) A compound is just a mixture of elements. 
D) The components of a mixture do not have the same properties individually as they do when mixed. 
E) The components of a compound have the same properties individually as they do when mixed. 
A) A mixture can be physically separated into its components; a compound cannot be physically separated into its components. 
B) A compound can be physically separated into its components; a mixture cannot be physically separated into its components. 
C) A compound is just a mixture of elements. 
D) The components of a mixture do not have the same properties individually as they do when mixed. 
E) The components of a compound have the same properties individually as they do when mixed.

Question 20

How many molecules of sucrose are in 0.5 L of a 1 molar solution of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.01 × 1023 molecules of sucrose 
B) 6.02 × 1023 molecules of sucrose 
C) 12.04 × 1023 molecules of sucrose 
D) 0.5 
E) 1 gram 
A) 3.01 × 1023 molecules of sucrose 
B) 6.02 × 1023 molecules of sucrose 
C) 12.04 × 1023 molecules of sucrose 
D) 0.5 
E) 1 gram

Exam 16: Mixtures

Which of the following statements about sewage is not true?

Red blood cells have a high concentration of dissolved ions. When placed into pure water they rupture. Why?

Which of the following might best describe the product obtained from soap and hard water (i.e., soap scum)?

If you need 3.01 × 1023 molecules of sucrose, how many liters of a 4.00 molar solution would you need?

What is the purpose of allowing water to cascade or bubble in a fountain during the purification process?

What is the main difference between a soap and a detergent?

How would you classify the following material? coffee (black)

Why does oxygen have such a low solubility in water?

Some people fear drinking distilled water because they have heard it leaches minerals from the body. What scientifically sound information might be offered to such a person?

Which of the following statements about desalinization is untrue?

Half-frozen fruit punch is always sweeter than the same fruit punch completely melted because

What property primarily determines the effect of temperature on the solubility of gas molecules?

How would you classify the following material? coffee (with milk)

Why might a solvent like turpentine be better for removing grease and grime than water?

What is the purpose of treating water with chlorine gas or ozone during water purification?

What is molarity?

What do chicken noodle soup and garden soil have in common?

A solid has a solubility at room temperature of 78 grams per liter. If 1.0 L of a hot solution containing 100. g of solute is cooled to room temperature, how much solid is formed?

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

How many molecules of sucrose are in 0.5 L of a 1 molar solution of sucrose?

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

Atoms and the Periodic Table

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Rocks and Minerals

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Timereading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: the Nature of Science

Filters

If you need 3.01 × 10²³ molecules of sucrose, how many liters of a 4.00 molar solution would you need?