Exam 19: Amphibians: the First Terrestrial Vertebrates

Amphibians are the "canary in the coal mine" when it comes to monitoring threated species.They are especially vulnerable to environmental threats.All of the following observations help us understand their vulnerable status except one.

A fossil often depicted as an example of an early amphibian is

The __________ of the amphibian heart receives blood from the lungs.

The most fully terrestrial salamanders belong to the family

To focus on near objects,the amphibian lens is moved forward by the __________ muscle.

Which of the following statements is (are)true regarding the reptiliomorph lineage? Check all that apply.

The __________ receives airborne vibrations and transmits them to the middle ear.

In their feeding habits,most adult amphibians are

The transition from fish-to-amphibian involved a series of changes in the vertebrate lineage that are all now very well documented.Which of the following statements accurately reflects our knowledge of these evolutionary events? Check all that apply.

In anurans,long hind limbs and powerful muscles form an efficient __________ system for jumping.

Members of the salamander family Salamandridae are commonly called

"Amphibia" means double life,which refers to amphibians dividing their lives between water and land.Which of the statements below accurately reflect how the skin promotes this double life or how it limits the extent to which amphibians can become fully terrestrial? Check all that apply.

Members of the amphibian order Anura have the tail vertebrae fused into a rodlike

Salamanders belong to the amphibian order

The ilium,ischium,and pubis comprise the __________ of amphibians.

Unlike other vertebrates,amphibians have contractile vessels called lymphatic __________ that pump fluids through the lymphatic system.

The last trunk vertebra of the amphibians is the __________ vertebra.

Vertebrates in the sarcopterygian lineage eventually became fully terrestrial.Three sets of changes in this lineage promoted life on land.Two of these occurred early in the Tetrapodomorpha and are found in all tetrapods.One of these occurred later within the reptiliomorph branch of the tetrapodomorph lineage.Which one of the following is unique to the reptiliomorph lineage?

Frogs and toads belong to the amphibian order

The retention of juvenile traits throughout the life of the organism is known as