Question 1

The first trunk appendages of centipedes function as

Accepted Answer

A) poison claws. 
B) walking legs. 
C) periopods. 
D) chewing mouthparts. 
E) uropods. 
A) poison claws. 
B) walking legs. 
C) periopods. 
D) chewing mouthparts. 
E) uropods. A

Question 2

Which of the following is not a synapomorphy that unites the members of the ecdysozoan clade?

Accepted Answer

A) the blastopore develops into the mouth 
B) loss of epidermal cilia 
C) possession of a cuticle 
D) shedding of cuticle through ecdysis 
E) all of the above are ecdysozoan synapomorphies 
A) the blastopore develops into the mouth 
B) loss of epidermal cilia 
C) possession of a cuticle 
D) shedding of cuticle through ecdysis 
E) all of the above are ecdysozoan synapomorphies E

Question 3

A genus of scorpions known to have caused human deaths is

Accepted Answer

A) Xiphosura. 
B) Opiliones. 
C) Loxosceles. 
D) Centuroides. 
E) Limulus. 
A) Xiphosura. 
B) Opiliones. 
C) Loxosceles. 
D) Centuroides. 
E) Limulus. D

Question 4

The __________ is the outer layer of the arthropod exoskeleton,and it is composed of a waterproofing waxy lipoprotein.

Accepted Answer

A) lipocuticle 
B) mesocuticle 
C) epicuticle 
D) endocuticle 
E) sclerocuticle 
A) lipocuticle 
B) mesocuticle 
C) epicuticle 
D) endocuticle 
E) sclerocuticle

Question 5

Most zoologists believe that the __________ were the first arthropods to invade land.

Accepted Answer

A) chelicerates 
B) insects 
C) millipedes 
D) crustaceans 
E) centipedes 
A) chelicerates 
B) insects 
C) millipedes 
D) crustaceans 
E) centipedes

Question 6

"Daddy longlegs" belong to the arachnid order

Accepted Answer

A) Opiliones. 
B) Acarina. 
C) Pseudoscorpionida. 
D) Scorpionida. 
E) Aranaea. 
A) Opiliones. 
B) Acarina. 
C) Pseudoscorpionida. 
D) Scorpionida. 
E) Aranaea.

Question 7

Arthropods belong to the ecdysozoan clade Panarthropoda.What other phylum (phyla)are also members of this clade? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Annelida 
B)  Tardigrada 
C)  Nematoda 
D)  Onychophora 
A)  Annelida 
B)  Tardigrada 
C)  Nematoda 
D)  Onychophora

Question 8

Many spiders produce __________,that are used to trap small arthropods on which they feed.

Accepted Answer

A) sticky oral secretions 
B) sandy pitfall traps 
C) oral venoms 
D) leaf traps 
E) webs 
A) sticky oral secretions 
B) sandy pitfall traps 
C) oral venoms 
D) leaf traps 
E) webs

Question 9

Many arachnids utilize __________ for respiration,which are believed to be modifications of book gills.

Accepted Answer

A) lamellae 
B) alveolar lungs 
C) book lungs 
D) trachea 
E) malpighian tubules 
A) lamellae 
B) alveolar lungs 
C) book lungs 
D) trachea 
E) malpighian tubules

Question 10

Which of the following are characteristics of members of the phylum Arthropoda? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Metamerism modified by tagmatization 
B)  Paired jointed appendages 
C)  Open circulatory system with blood released into a hemocoel 
D)  Collagenous cuticle 
A)  Metamerism modified by tagmatization 
B)  Paired jointed appendages 
C)  Open circulatory system with blood released into a hemocoel 
D)  Collagenous cuticle

Question 11

The body cavities of arthropods and annelids are fundamentally different.Which of the following statements are accurate comparisons? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  The body cavity of an annelid is a coelom that develops by the splitting of mesodermal blocks in the early embryo.The body cavity of an arthropod is a hemocoel that develops from the embryonic blastocoel. 
B)  Annelids lack a hemocoel and arthropods lack any coelomic cavity. 
C)  Fluids in the hemocoel of arthropods serve functions related to the arthropod's open circulatory system.Coelomic fluids in annelids aid in distributing wastes and nutrients but are most important in the formation of hydrostatic compartments.Annelids have a closed circulatory system,and arthropods have an exoskeleton for support. 
D) Because annelids are lophotrochozoans and arthropods are ecdysozoans,one would expect few developmental similarities,in the two groups.Thus,the body cavities present in these phyla are fundamentally different. 
A)  The body cavity of an annelid is a coelom that develops by the splitting of mesodermal blocks in the early embryo.The body cavity of an arthropod is a hemocoel that develops from the embryonic blastocoel. 
B)  Annelids lack a hemocoel and arthropods lack any coelomic cavity. 
C)  Fluids in the hemocoel of arthropods serve functions related to the arthropod's open circulatory system.Coelomic fluids in annelids aid in distributing wastes and nutrients but are most important in the formation of hydrostatic compartments.Annelids have a closed circulatory system,and arthropods have an exoskeleton for support. 
D) Because annelids are lophotrochozoans and arthropods are ecdysozoans,one would expect few developmental similarities,in the two groups.Thus,the body cavities present in these phyla are fundamentally different.

Question 12

The arthropod exoskeleton must be shed to allow growth.The shedding process is called

Accepted Answer

A) sclerotization. 
B) ecdysis. 
C) calcification. 
D) articulation. 
E) metamorphosis. 
A) sclerotization. 
B) ecdysis. 
C) calcification. 
D) articulation. 
E) metamorphosis.

Question 13

Millipedes belong to the arthropod class

Accepted Answer

A) Insecta. 
B) Diplopoda. 
C) Crustacea. 
D) Chilopoda. 
E) Branchiopoda. 
A) Insecta. 
B) Diplopoda. 
C) Crustacea. 
D) Chilopoda. 
E) Branchiopoda.

Question 14

The chigger or "red bug" is a member of the arachnid order

Accepted Answer

A) Scorpionida. 
B) Acarina. 
C) Opiliones. 
D) Araneae. 
E) Pseudoscorpionida. 
A) Scorpionida. 
B) Acarina. 
C) Opiliones. 
D) Araneae. 
E) Pseudoscorpionida.

Question 15

The bacteria that cause Lyme disease are carried and transmitted by

Accepted Answer

A) black widow spiders. 
B) tsetse flies. 
C) ticks. 
D) mosquitoes. 
E) mange mites. 
A) black widow spiders. 
B) tsetse flies. 
C) ticks. 
D) mosquitoes. 
E) mange mites.

Question 16

While aquatic arachnids utilize coxal glands for excretion,most terrestrial forms use __________ which conserve water.

Accepted Answer

A) nephridia 
B) malpighian tubules 
C) diffusion glands 
D) green glands 
E) antennal glands 
A) nephridia 
B) malpighian tubules 
C) diffusion glands 
D) green glands 
E) antennal glands

Question 17

The tough,leathery polysaccharide in the arthropod procuticle is

Accepted Answer

A) lipoprotein. 
B) calcium carbonate. 
C) scleroprotein. 
D) chitin. 
E) glycogen. 
A) lipoprotein. 
B) calcium carbonate. 
C) scleroprotein. 
D) chitin. 
E) glycogen.

Question 18

The chelicerate opisthosoma

Accepted Answer

A) bears the pedipalps. 
B) is the sensory tagma. 
C) contains digestive organs. 
D) bears chelicerae. 
E) bears walking legs. 
A) bears the pedipalps. 
B) is the sensory tagma. 
C) contains digestive organs. 
D) bears chelicerae. 
E) bears walking legs.

Question 19

Specialization of regions of the body for specific functions,as seen in arthropods,is called

Accepted Answer

A) tagmatization. 
B) metamerism. 
C) truncation. 
D) differentiation. 
E) cephalization. 
A) tagmatization. 
B) metamerism. 
C) truncation. 
D) differentiation. 
E) cephalization.

Question 20

A repellent called __________ is produced by the repugnatorial glands of millipedes.

Accepted Answer

A) carbon disulfide 
B) formic acid 
C) carbonic anhydrase 
D) hydrogen cyanide 
E) sulfur dioxide 
A) carbon disulfide 
B) formic acid 
C) carbonic anhydrase 
D) hydrogen cyanide 
E) sulfur dioxide

Exam 14: The Arthropods: Blueprint for Success

The first trunk appendages of centipedes function as

Which of the following is not a synapomorphy that unites the members of the ecdysozoan clade?

A genus of scorpions known to have caused human deaths is

The __________ is the outer layer of the arthropod exoskeleton,and it is composed of a waterproofing waxy lipoprotein.

Most zoologists believe that the __________ were the first arthropods to invade land.

"Daddy longlegs" belong to the arachnid order

Arthropods belong to the ecdysozoan clade Panarthropoda.What other phylum (phyla)are also members of this clade? Check all that apply.

Many spiders produce __________,that are used to trap small arthropods on which they feed.

Many arachnids utilize __________ for respiration,which are believed to be modifications of book gills.

Which of the following are characteristics of members of the phylum Arthropoda? Check all that apply.

The body cavities of arthropods and annelids are fundamentally different.Which of the following statements are accurate comparisons? Check all that apply.

The arthropod exoskeleton must be shed to allow growth.The shedding process is called

Millipedes belong to the arthropod class

The chigger or "red bug" is a member of the arachnid order

The bacteria that cause Lyme disease are carried and transmitted by

While aquatic arachnids utilize coxal glands for excretion,most terrestrial forms use __________ which conserve water.

The tough,leathery polysaccharide in the arthropod procuticle is

The chelicerate opisthosoma

Specialization of regions of the body for specific functions,as seen in arthropods,is called

A repellent called __________ is produced by the repugnatorial glands of millipedes.

Zoology: an Evolutionary and Ecological Perspective

Cells, tissues, organs, and Organ Systems of Animals

Cell Division and Inheritance

Evolution: History and Evidence

Evolution and Gene Frequencies

Ecology: Preserving the Animal Kingdom

Animal Taxonomy, phylogeny, and Organization

Animal-Like Protists: the Protozoa

Multicellular and Tissue Levels of Organization

The Smaller Lophotrochozoan Phyla

Molluscan Success

Annelida: the Metameric Body Form

The Smaller Ecdysozoan Phyla

The Pancrustacea: Crustacea and Hexapoda

Ambulacraria: Echinoderms and Hemichordates

Chordata: Urochordata and Cephalochordata

The Fishes: Vertebrate Success in Water

Amphibians: the First Terrestrial Vertebrates

Reptiles: Diapsid Amniotes

Birds: Reptiles by Another Name

Mammals: Synapsid Amniotes

Protection, support, and Movement

Communication I: Nervous and Sensory Systems

Communication II: the Endocrine System and Chemical Messengers

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Nutrition and Digestion

Temperature and Body Fluid Regulation

Reproduction and Development

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