Question 1

In which part of the kidney does the blood enter it?

Accepted Answer

A) glomerulus 
B) Henle's loop 
C) kidney tubule 
D) Bowman's capsule 
E) nephrons 
A) glomerulus 
B) Henle's loop 
C) kidney tubule 
D) Bowman's capsule 
E) nephrons

Question 2

Whole blood is composed of each of the following components except

Accepted Answer

A) plasma. 
B) lymph. 
C) erythrocytes. 
D) platelets. 
E) white blood cells 
A) plasma. 
B) lymph. 
C) erythrocytes. 
D) platelets. 
E) white blood cells

Question 3

Which ion is not a major constituent of body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) Fe2+ 
C) K+ 
D) C1- 
E) HPO42- 
A) Na+ 
B) Fe2+ 
C) K+ 
D) C1- 
E) HPO42-

Question 4

The major cation and anion inside cells are ________ and ________,respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) potassium;chloride 
B) potassium;hydrogen phosphate 
C) sodium;bicarbonate 
D) sodium;chloride 
E) sodium;hydrogen phosphate 
A) potassium;chloride 
B) potassium;hydrogen phosphate 
C) sodium;bicarbonate 
D) sodium;chloride 
E) sodium;hydrogen phosphate

Question 5

The amino acid that is the precursor to the substance associated with the inflammatory response is

Accepted Answer

A) antihistamine. 
B) histamine. 
C) histidine. 
D) proline. 
E) phenylalanine. 
A) antihistamine. 
B) histamine. 
C) histidine. 
D) proline. 
E) phenylalanine.

Question 6

Which of the following buffer systems is associated with the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A) phosphate 
B) bicarbonate 
C) protein 
D) amino acids 
A) phosphate 
B) bicarbonate 
C) protein 
D) amino acids

Question 7

The osmolarities of blood plasma,intracellular fluid,and interstitial fluid are ________ because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the same;their compositions are identical 
B) the same;they contain the same total number but different kinds of dissolved particles 
C) different;they contain the same kinds and proportions of dissolved particles but different total numbers of particles 
D) different;osmosis cannot occur fast enough to balance the differences 
E) different;each fluid contains different numbers of each kind of solute particles 
A) the same;their compositions are identical 
B) the same;they contain the same total number but different kinds of dissolved particles 
C) different;they contain the same kinds and proportions of dissolved particles but different total numbers of particles 
D) different;osmosis cannot occur fast enough to balance the differences 
E) different;each fluid contains different numbers of each kind of solute particles

Question 8

The major cation and anion in extracellular fluids are ________ and ________,respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) potassium;chloride 
B) potassium;hydrogen phosphate 
C) sodium;bicarbonate 
D) sodium;chloride 
E) sodium;hydrogen phosphate 
A) potassium;chloride 
B) potassium;hydrogen phosphate 
C) sodium;bicarbonate 
D) sodium;chloride 
E) sodium;hydrogen phosphate

Question 9

The major function of red blood cells is

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) glycogenesis. 
C) transport of waste products to the kidneys. 
D) transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
E) transport of glucose. 
A) glycolysis. 
B) glycogenesis. 
C) transport of waste products to the kidneys. 
D) transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
E) transport of glucose.

Question 10

All of the following are small molecules commonly found dissolved in blood except

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen. 
B) nitrogen. 
C) carbon dioxide. 
D) glucose. 
E) amino acids. 
A) oxygen. 
B) nitrogen. 
C) carbon dioxide. 
D) glucose. 
E) amino acids.

Question 11

The type of imbalance that is caused by an increase in carbon dioxide concentration due to hypoventilation is

Accepted Answer

A) metabolic acidosis. 
B) respiratory alkalosis. 
C) respiratory acidosis. 
D) metabolic alkalosis. 
E) none of the above 
A) metabolic acidosis. 
B) respiratory alkalosis. 
C) respiratory acidosis. 
D) metabolic alkalosis. 
E) none of the above

Question 12

Chemically,antibodies can be classified as

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids. 
B) anions. 
C) cations. 
D) immunoglobulins. 
E) nonpolar covalent molecules. 
A) amino acids. 
B) anions. 
C) cations. 
D) immunoglobulins. 
E) nonpolar covalent molecules.

Question 13

A deficiency in which of the following has been found to cause excessive bleeding?

Accepted Answer

A) fibrin 
B) thrombin 
C) vitamin K 
D) vitamin E 
E) platelets 
A) fibrin 
B) thrombin 
C) vitamin K 
D) vitamin E 
E) platelets

Question 14

An excessive amount of hydrogen ion present in the kidneys could lower the pH causing the urine to become to acidic.These hydrogen ions are removed by reaction with either ________ or ________.

Accepted Answer

A) CO2;H2O 
B) NH4+;H3PO4 
C) NH3;HPO42- 
D) urea;water 
E) NH3;CO2 
A) CO2;H2O 
B) NH4+;H3PO4 
C) NH3;HPO42- 
D) urea;water 
E) NH3;CO2

Question 15

Which of the following components of blood are involved in transport of various substances thorough out the body?

Accepted Answer

A) albumins 
B) erythrocytes 
C) fibrinogen 
D) albumins and erythocytes 
E) All of these. 
A) albumins 
B) erythrocytes 
C) fibrinogen 
D) albumins and erythocytes 
E) All of these.

Question 16

What pH value is associated with the onset of respiratory alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

A) 7.8 
B) 7.4 
C) 7.2 
D) 7.0 
E) 6.8 
A) 7.8 
B) 7.4 
C) 7.2 
D) 7.0 
E) 6.8

Question 17

Match the following.
-intracellular fluid

Accepted Answer

A) any substance that is foreign to the body and therefore causes an immune response 
B) a protein molecule that identifies foreign substances and mediates certain immune responses 
C) an abnormal condition in which the acidity of the blood is lower than normal and the pH is higher 
D) fluid outside of cells,such as blood plasma or interstitial fluid 
E) fluid inside cells
F)an abnormal condition in which the acidity of the blood is higher than normal and the pH is lower 
A) any substance that is foreign to the body and therefore causes an immune response 
B) a protein molecule that identifies foreign substances and mediates certain immune responses 
C) an abnormal condition in which the acidity of the blood is lower than normal and the pH is higher 
D) fluid outside of cells,such as blood plasma or interstitial fluid 
E) fluid inside cells
F)an abnormal condition in which the acidity of the blood is higher than normal and the pH is lower

Question 18

Fibrinogen can be classified as a(an)________ because it circulates in the bloodstream in an inactive form until it is converted to its active form when needed.

Accepted Answer

A) amino acid 
B) coenzyme 
C) enzyme 
D) lipid 
E) zymogen 
A) amino acid 
B) coenzyme 
C) enzyme 
D) lipid 
E) zymogen

Question 19

All of the following can be found in a normal urine sample except

Accepted Answer

A) potassium ions. 
B) sodium ions. 
C) urea. 
D) red blood cells. 
E) creatinine. 
A) potassium ions. 
B) sodium ions. 
C) urea. 
D) red blood cells. 
E) creatinine.

Question 20

An antigen at the site of inflammation will probably be attacked and destroyed by

Accepted Answer

A) erythrocytes. 
B) lymphocytes. 
C) phagocytes. 
D) helper T cells. 
E) memory T cells. 
A) erythrocytes. 
B) lymphocytes. 
C) phagocytes. 
D) helper T cells. 
E) memory T cells.

Exam 29: Body Fluids

In which part of the kidney does the blood enter it?

Whole blood is composed of each of the following components except

Which ion is not a major constituent of body fluids?

The major cation and anion inside cells are ________ and ________,respectively.

The amino acid that is the precursor to the substance associated with the inflammatory response is

Which of the following buffer systems is associated with the respiratory system?

The osmolarities of blood plasma,intracellular fluid,and interstitial fluid are ________ because ________.

The major cation and anion in extracellular fluids are ________ and ________,respectively.

The major function of red blood cells is

All of the following are small molecules commonly found dissolved in blood except

The type of imbalance that is caused by an increase in carbon dioxide concentration due to hypoventilation is

Chemically,antibodies can be classified as

A deficiency in which of the following has been found to cause excessive bleeding?

An excessive amount of hydrogen ion present in the kidneys could lower the pH causing the urine to become to acidic.These hydrogen ions are removed by reaction with either ________ or ________.

Which of the following components of blood are involved in transport of various substances thorough out the body?

What pH value is associated with the onset of respiratory alkalosis?

Match the following. -intracellular fluid

Fibrinogen can be classified as a(an)________ because it circulates in the bloodstream in an inactive form until it is converted to its active form when needed.

All of the following can be found in a normal urine sample except

An antigen at the site of inflammation will probably be attacked and destroyed by

Matter and Measurements

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Molecular Compounds

Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships

Chemical Reactions: Energy, rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes

Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Some Compounds With Oxygen, sulfur, or a Halogen

Aldehydes and Ketones

Amines

Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Amino Acids and Proteins

Enzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipids

Lipid Metabolism

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Genomics

Chemical Messengers: Hormones, neurotransmitters, and Drugs

Filters

The major cation and anion inside cells are and ,respectively.

The osmolarities of blood plasma,intracellular fluid,and interstitial fluid are because .

The major cation and anion in extracellular fluids are and ,respectively.

An excessive amount of hydrogen ion present in the kidneys could lower the pH causing the urine to become to acidic.These hydrogen ions are removed by reaction with either or .