Question 1

Which term identifies the relatively small portion of the enzyme that is directly involved in the biochemical reaction being catalyzed?

Accepted Answer

A) substrate 
B) active site 
C) N-terminal 
D) C-terminal 
E) precursor 
A) substrate 
B) active site 
C) N-terminal 
D) C-terminal 
E) precursor

Question 2

Match the following.
-antioxidant

Accepted Answer

A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions 
A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions

Question 3

The following reaction would most likely be catalyzed by an enzyme of which class?
Sucrose + H2O → glucose + fructose

Accepted Answer

A) synthetase or ligase 
B) oxidoreductase 
C) hydrolase 
D) transferase 
E) isomerase 
A) synthetase or ligase 
B) oxidoreductase 
C) hydrolase 
D) transferase 
E) isomerase

Question 4

Overdosing on vitamins A and D is more likely than overdosing on vitamin C because

Accepted Answer

A) vitamins A and D are fat soluble and thus can accumulate in body fat,where vitamin C is water soluble and the excess will be excreted in urine. 
B) vitamin C is fat soluble and thus can accumulate in body fat,where vitamins A and D are water soluble and the excess will be excreted in urine. 
C) vitamin C is biologically active as consumed in foods,but vitamins A and D must be converted into biologically active forms before utilization. 
D) vitamins A and D are biologically active as consumed in foods,but vitamin C must be converted into biologically active forms before utilization. 
E) vitamins A and D are needed in much larger doses than vitamin C. 
A) vitamins A and D are fat soluble and thus can accumulate in body fat,where vitamin C is water soluble and the excess will be excreted in urine. 
B) vitamin C is fat soluble and thus can accumulate in body fat,where vitamins A and D are water soluble and the excess will be excreted in urine. 
C) vitamin C is biologically active as consumed in foods,but vitamins A and D must be converted into biologically active forms before utilization. 
D) vitamins A and D are biologically active as consumed in foods,but vitamin C must be converted into biologically active forms before utilization. 
E) vitamins A and D are needed in much larger doses than vitamin C.

Question 5

Which of the following does not generally increase the rate of a reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the reactants 
B) increasing the products 
C) increasing the temperature 
D) adding the catalyst 
A) increasing the reactants 
B) increasing the products 
C) increasing the temperature 
D) adding the catalyst

Question 6

If a covalent bond forms between an enzyme and an inhibitor the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme will have undergone

Accepted Answer

A) irreversible inhibition. 
B) competitive inhibition. 
C) noncompetitive inhibition. 
D) feedback control. 
E) genetic control. 
A) irreversible inhibition. 
B) competitive inhibition. 
C) noncompetitive inhibition. 
D) feedback control. 
E) genetic control.

Question 7

Which of the following fat-soluble vitamins is associated with blood clotting factors?

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin A 
B) vitamin D 
C) vitamin E 
D) vitamin K 
E) More than one answer is possible. 
A) vitamin A 
B) vitamin D 
C) vitamin E 
D) vitamin K 
E) More than one answer is possible.

Question 8

A trace mineral that is necessary for proper functioning of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase is

Accepted Answer

A) Copper(II)ion. 
B) Iron(II)ion. 
C) Zinc(II)ion. 
D) Nickel(II)ion. 
E) Iron(III)ion. 
A) Copper(II)ion. 
B) Iron(II)ion. 
C) Zinc(II)ion. 
D) Nickel(II)ion. 
E) Iron(III)ion.

Question 9

Which of the following combinations is required to create a holoenzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) effector + coenzyme 
B) apoenzyme + activator 
C) apoenzyme + coenzyme 
D) None of the above are correct combinations. 
A) effector + coenzyme 
B) apoenzyme + activator 
C) apoenzyme + coenzyme 
D) None of the above are correct combinations.

Question 10

Enzymes increase the rates of only certain reactions involving certain substances.This general characteristic is called

Accepted Answer

A) selectivity. 
B) specificity. 
C) enzyme regulation. 
D) catalytic efficiency. 
E) enzyme inhibition. 
A) selectivity. 
B) specificity. 
C) enzyme regulation. 
D) catalytic efficiency. 
E) enzyme inhibition.

Question 11

Match the following.
-inhibition

Accepted Answer

A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions 
A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions

Question 12

Match the following.
-vitamin

Accepted Answer

A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions 
A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions

Question 13

Match the following.
-isomerase

Accepted Answer

A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions 
A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions

Question 14

Explain the term feedback control as a mechanism for control of biochemical reactions.

Accepted Answer

Feedback control means that the product

Question 15

The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the

Accepted Answer

A) oxidation of carbonyls. 
B) oxidation of alcohols. 
C) reduction of alcohols. 
D) hydrolysis of esters. 
E) removal of water. 
A) oxidation of carbonyls. 
B) oxidation of alcohols. 
C) reduction of alcohols. 
D) hydrolysis of esters. 
E) removal of water.

Question 16

Explain how an allosteric enzyme is regulated.

Accepted Answer

An allosteric enzyme is regulated by the

Question 17

Match the following.
-lyase

Accepted Answer

A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions 
A) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of large molecules by reaction with water 
B) a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another 
C) a substance that prevents harmful reactions of free radicals 
D) an inactive form of an enzyme;also called a proenzyme 
E) any process which decreases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
F)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules together
G)a description of the catalytic activity of an enzyme,where a small value means that very few molecules are acted on in a unit of time
H)a description of enzyme activity based on the ability of the enzyme to change shape in order to accommodate substrate molecules
I)any process that increases the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
J)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a small molecule from a larger one
K)a description of enzyme activity based on an exact match between the shapes of the active site and the substrate molecule
L)a small organic molecule necessary for good health that must be obtained in the diet
M)a type of enzyme that catalyzes the internal rearrangement of molecules
N)a type of enzyme that catalyzes oxidation or reduction reactions

Question 18

When a molecule similar to the correct substrate interacts with the active site of an enzyme,the process is called

Accepted Answer

A) competitive inhibition. 
B) noncompetitive inhibition. 
C) irreversible inhibition. 
D) activation. 
E) covalent modification. 
A) competitive inhibition. 
B) noncompetitive inhibition. 
C) irreversible inhibition. 
D) activation. 
E) covalent modification.

Question 19

Explain the term specificity as it applies to enzyme activity.

Accepted Answer

Specificity describes the degree of rest

Question 20

When substrate molecules occupy all of the active sites in the enzyme available for a particular reaction,the enzyme is said to be

Accepted Answer

A) denatured. 
B) hydrolyzed. 
C) activated. 
D) inhibited. 
E) saturated. 
A) denatured. 
B) hydrolyzed. 
C) activated. 
D) inhibited. 
E) saturated.

Exam 19: Enzymes and Vitamins

Which term identifies the relatively small portion of the enzyme that is directly involved in the biochemical reaction being catalyzed?

Match the following. -antioxidant

The following reaction would most likely be catalyzed by an enzyme of which class? Sucrose + H2O → glucose + fructose

Overdosing on vitamins A and D is more likely than overdosing on vitamin C because

Which of the following does not generally increase the rate of a reaction?

If a covalent bond forms between an enzyme and an inhibitor the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme will have undergone

Which of the following fat-soluble vitamins is associated with blood clotting factors?

A trace mineral that is necessary for proper functioning of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase is

Which of the following combinations is required to create a holoenzyme?

Enzymes increase the rates of only certain reactions involving certain substances.This general characteristic is called

Match the following. -inhibition

Match the following. -vitamin

Match the following. -isomerase

Explain the term feedback control as a mechanism for control of biochemical reactions.

The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the

Explain how an allosteric enzyme is regulated.

Match the following. -lyase

When a molecule similar to the correct substrate interacts with the active site of an enzyme,the process is called

Explain the term specificity as it applies to enzyme activity.

When substrate molecules occupy all of the active sites in the enzyme available for a particular reaction,the enzyme is said to be

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The following reaction would most likely be catalyzed by an enzyme of which class? Sucrose + H₂O → glucose + fructose