Question 1

The minute,needle-like structures that act as a skeletal support system in sponges are called _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The minute,needle-like structures that act as a...

Question 2

In most sponges,the free-swimming larva produced by sexual reproduction is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) bud. 
B) gemmule. 
C) apopyle. 
D) parenchymula. 
E) plasmodium.Parenchymula larvae are free-swimming larval stages that are the result of sexual reproduction and that are found in the development of most sponges.Gemmules are internal buds formed by a type of asexual reproduction in freshwater sponges and some marine sponges. 
A) bud. 
B) gemmule. 
C) apopyle. 
D) parenchymula. 
E) plasmodium.Parenchymula larvae are free-swimming larval stages that are the result of sexual reproduction and that are found in the development of most sponges.Gemmules are internal buds formed by a type of asexual reproduction in freshwater sponges and some marine sponges.

Question 3

Which statement about adult sponges is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Their bodies are aggregations of one cell type. 
B) They do not have a mouth. 
C) Their bodies are usually asymmetrical. 
D) Their apparently simple structure is deceptive.Sponge bodies are aggregates of many cell types.Even though they lack mouths and other features of more complex animals,their apparent simplicity is deceptive. 
A) Their bodies are aggregations of one cell type. 
B) They do not have a mouth. 
C) Their bodies are usually asymmetrical. 
D) Their apparently simple structure is deceptive.Sponge bodies are aggregates of many cell types.Even though they lack mouths and other features of more complex animals,their apparent simplicity is deceptive.

Question 4

Reproduction in at least some sponges is

Accepted Answer

A) asexual by budding. 
B) asexual by gemmules. 
C) sexual with both male and female sex cells in one individual. 
D) asexual by fragmentation. 
E) All of the choices are correct Sponges reproduce sexually and asexually.Specific reproductive mechanisms are group specific and may involve one or more of the methods described in this question. 
A) asexual by budding. 
B) asexual by gemmules. 
C) sexual with both male and female sex cells in one individual. 
D) asexual by fragmentation. 
E) All of the choices are correct Sponges reproduce sexually and asexually.Specific reproductive mechanisms are group specific and may involve one or more of the methods described in this question.

Question 5

The structural protein found in all sponges is

Accepted Answer

A) elastin. 
B) collagen. 
C) gorgonin. 
D) spiculin. 
E) None of the choices is correct Collagen is a connective protein common to all sponges. 
A) elastin. 
B) collagen. 
C) gorgonin. 
D) spiculin. 
E) None of the choices is correct Collagen is a connective protein common to all sponges.

Question 6

About 95% of the sponges belong to the class __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of About 95% of the sponges belong to...

Question 7

Thin,epithelial-type cells covering the outer surface of sponges are the ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Thin,epithelial-type cells covering the outer surface of...

Question 8

Explain the unique attributes of hexactinellids as compared to other sponges.

Accepted Answer

Hexactinellids, also known as glass spon

Question 9

Describe the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera.Which of those characteristics support the contention that the sponges are the basal group of the Animal kingdom?

Accepted Answer

The Phylum Porifera, also known as spong

Question 10

A sponge feeds by

Accepted Answer

A) using a net and a current that sweeps food particles through it. 
B) squeezing the spongocoel cavity to suck debris in and out through the osculum. 
C) beating the flagella of collar cells to form a current;food is absorbed by collar cells. 
D) beating the flagella of collar cells to form a current from osculum to pores;food is engulfed by amoebocytes in the central cavity of the sponge.Beating of flagella of collar cells creates water currents that circulate water through the body of a sponge.Water currents bring microscopic food particles into the canal system of a sponge.Food particles are filtered by collar cells. 
A) using a net and a current that sweeps food particles through it. 
B) squeezing the spongocoel cavity to suck debris in and out through the osculum. 
C) beating the flagella of collar cells to form a current;food is absorbed by collar cells. 
D) beating the flagella of collar cells to form a current from osculum to pores;food is engulfed by amoebocytes in the central cavity of the sponge.Beating of flagella of collar cells creates water currents that circulate water through the body of a sponge.Water currents bring microscopic food particles into the canal system of a sponge.Food particles are filtered by collar cells.

Question 11

Out of all metazoans,members of __________________ have the smallest nuclear genome but the largest mitochondrial genome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Out of all metazoans,members of __________________ have...

Question 12

Which of the following statements about sponges is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Sponges lack nerve fibers 
B) Sponges lack fully developed muscle fibers 
C) Ameboid cells capture food particles from the water 
D) Sponges reproduce asexually by budding or by regeneration from a small piece 
E) If a sponge is fragmented and cells dissociate,cells undergo somatic embryogenesis and clumps of cells can form a new organism Choanocytes create water currents,capture food,and pass food on to ameboid cells. 
A) Sponges lack nerve fibers 
B) Sponges lack fully developed muscle fibers 
C) Ameboid cells capture food particles from the water 
D) Sponges reproduce asexually by budding or by regeneration from a small piece 
E) If a sponge is fragmented and cells dissociate,cells undergo somatic embryogenesis and clumps of cells can form a new organism Choanocytes create water currents,capture food,and pass food on to ameboid cells.

Question 13

Deep-sea sponges with six-rayed siliceous spicules and a trabecular reticulum belong to the ______________.Hexactinellids are sponges with six-rayed spicules and a trabecular reticulum.

Accepted Answer

Hexactinel

Question 14

Cells responsible for water flow and capture of some particles are the

Accepted Answer

A) myocytes. 
B) archaeocytes. 
C) choanocytes. 
D) pinacocytes. 
E) lophocytes.Choanocytes are responsible for water flow and capture of some food particles. 
A) myocytes. 
B) archaeocytes. 
C) choanocytes. 
D) pinacocytes. 
E) lophocytes.Choanocytes are responsible for water flow and capture of some food particles.

Question 15

The modified cells of sponges that form circular bands and provide just a little constriction to control water flow are

Accepted Answer

A) amoebocytes. 
B) choanocytes. 
C) spicules. 
D) myocytes.Myocytes are modified pinacocytes and constrict to regulate water flow. 
A) amoebocytes. 
B) choanocytes. 
C) spicules. 
D) myocytes.Myocytes are modified pinacocytes and constrict to regulate water flow.

Question 16

The simplest body plan of sponges is ____________,and the plan characterized by flagellated canals is leuconoids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The simplest body plan of sponges is...

Question 17

Sponge beds have been heavily "fished" for bath sponges and in other cases pollution or an imbalance in organisms has devastated other sponge beds.What is the likely overall consequence of this in the ocean environment?

Accepted Answer

The likely overall consequence of heavil

Question 18

All digestion in sponges is intracellular and is carried out by the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All digestion in sponges is intracellular and...

Question 19

Specialized archaeocytes that secrete spongin are

Accepted Answer

A) collencytes. 
B) sclerocytes. 
C) choanocytes. 
D) spongocytes. 
E) lophocytes.Spongocytes are archeocytes specialized for secreting spongin. 
A) collencytes. 
B) sclerocytes. 
C) choanocytes. 
D) spongocytes. 
E) lophocytes.Spongocytes are archeocytes specialized for secreting spongin.

Question 20

The unique feature of sponge development in members of the class Calcarea is the amphiblastula which

Accepted Answer

A) produces new buds. 
B) generates gemmules. 
C) determines the types of spicules produced. 
D) turns inside out during its development. 
E) controls the process of regeneration.The amphiblastula is a developmental stage in members of the class Calcarea.It is also present in a few members of the class Demospongia. 
A) produces new buds. 
B) generates gemmules. 
C) determines the types of spicules produced. 
D) turns inside out during its development. 
E) controls the process of regeneration.The amphiblastula is a developmental stage in members of the class Calcarea.It is also present in a few members of the class Demospongia.

Exam 12: Sponges and Placozoans

The minute,needle-like structures that act as a skeletal support system in sponges are called _________________.

In most sponges,the free-swimming larva produced by sexual reproduction is called a(n)

Which statement about adult sponges is false?

Reproduction in at least some sponges is

The structural protein found in all sponges is

About 95% of the sponges belong to the class __________.

Thin,epithelial-type cells covering the outer surface of sponges are the ________________.

Explain the unique attributes of hexactinellids as compared to other sponges.

Describe the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera.Which of those characteristics support the contention that the sponges are the basal group of the Animal kingdom?

A sponge feeds by

Out of all metazoans,members of __________________ have the smallest nuclear genome but the largest mitochondrial genome.

Which of the following statements about sponges is NOT correct?

Deep-sea sponges with six-rayed siliceous spicules and a trabecular reticulum belong to the ______________.Hexactinellids are sponges with six-rayed spicules and a trabecular reticulum.

Cells responsible for water flow and capture of some particles are the

The modified cells of sponges that form circular bands and provide just a little constriction to control water flow are

The simplest body plan of sponges is ____________,and the plan characterized by flagellated canals is leuconoids.

Sponge beds have been heavily "fished" for bath sponges and in other cases pollution or an imbalance in organisms has devastated other sponge beds.What is the likely overall consequence of this in the ocean environment?

All digestion in sponges is intracellular and is carried out by the ____________________.

Specialized archaeocytes that secrete spongin are

The unique feature of sponge development in members of the class Calcarea is the amphiblastula which

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Cellular Metabolism

Genetics: a Review

Organic Evolution

The Reproductive Process

Principles of Development

Architectual Pattern of an Animal

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Cnidarians and Ctenophores

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Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

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Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

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