Question 1

Since a turtle's shell essentially immobilizes the ribs,how does the turtle breathe?

Accepted Answer

A) A turtle resorts to the amphibian system of positive pressure breathing. 
B) The turtle has such a low metabolic rate that all oxygen requirements can be met by passive absorption without ventilation mechanisms. 
C) The turtle wags its tail to change the volume within the shell and assist ventilation. 
D) The turtle draws its shoulder girdle back to exhale and contracts limb flank muscles to inhale. 
E) The ribs are allowed a small amount of leeway to move;rhythmic compression of the carapace on the plastron accomplishes this. 
A) A turtle resorts to the amphibian system of positive pressure breathing. 
B) The turtle has such a low metabolic rate that all oxygen requirements can be met by passive absorption without ventilation mechanisms. 
C) The turtle wags its tail to change the volume within the shell and assist ventilation. 
D) The turtle draws its shoulder girdle back to exhale and contracts limb flank muscles to inhale. 
E) The ribs are allowed a small amount of leeway to move;rhythmic compression of the carapace on the plastron accomplishes this.

Question 2

When a snake is swimming,it is using what kind of movement?

Accepted Answer

A) Rectilinear movement 
B) Sidewinding 
C) Lateral undulation 
D) Concertina movement 
E) None of the choices is correct. 
A) Rectilinear movement 
B) Sidewinding 
C) Lateral undulation 
D) Concertina movement 
E) None of the choices is correct.

Question 3

Give support to the contention that the traditional class "Reptilia" is paraphyletic.If it is paraphyletic,what would you do to "fix" the situation?

Accepted Answer

The traditional class "Reptilia" is cons

Question 4

Describe sex determination in the Crocodilia.Speculate on the evolution of such a system.

Accepted Answer

In Crocodilia, the sex determination sys

Question 5

What is the name of the bottom plate on a turtle,which is continuous with the breastbone (sternum)?

Accepted Answer

A) Costal 
B) Plastron 
C) Carapace 
D) Dorsum 
E) Ventrum 
A) Costal 
B) Plastron 
C) Carapace 
D) Dorsum 
E) Ventrum

Question 6

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of being either endothermic or ectothermic.Are there any endothermic "nonavian reptiles?"

Accepted Answer

Endothermic and ectothermic organisms ha

Question 7

Amniotes having a skull with two temporal openings on each side are called ________.or

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amniotes having a skull with two temporal...

Question 8

A unique anatomical design in turtles is that the

Accepted Answer

A) cranium is fused to the ribs. 
B) ribs articulate with the backbone. 
C) ribs have been totally lost. 
D) limb girdles are inside the ribs. 
E) sternum is fused with the ribs. 
A) cranium is fused to the ribs. 
B) ribs articulate with the backbone. 
C) ribs have been totally lost. 
D) limb girdles are inside the ribs. 
E) sternum is fused with the ribs.

Question 9

The evolution of joints between the skull and jaw,as well as new joints allowing the jaws to separate and manipulate food,has resulted in a(n)________ jaw.

Accepted Answer

A) anaspid 
B) mandibular 
C) laterally independent 
D) diaspid 
E) kinetic 
A) anaspid 
B) mandibular 
C) laterally independent 
D) diaspid 
E) kinetic

Question 10

If beta-keratin is unique to nonavian reptiles,how can one say that keratin is a shared feature of nonavian reptiles,birds,and mammals?

Accepted Answer

Beta-keratin is indeed a type of keratin

Question 11

Crocodile teeth are set in sockets,a type of dentition called ____________ that was typical of archosaurs and early birds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Crocodile teeth are set in sockets,a type...

Question 12

The Age of Reptiles consisted of the

Accepted Answer

A) Silurian,Permian,and Jurassic. 
B) Permian,Triassic,and Jurassic. 
C) Triassic,Jurassic,and Cretaceous. 
D) Permian,Jurassic,and Cretaceous. 
E) Paleocene,Miocene,and Eocene. 
A) Silurian,Permian,and Jurassic. 
B) Permian,Triassic,and Jurassic. 
C) Triassic,Jurassic,and Cretaceous. 
D) Permian,Jurassic,and Cretaceous. 
E) Paleocene,Miocene,and Eocene.

Question 13

Discuss the probable parental care of the dinosaurs.What kinds of evidence are used to support this claim?

Accepted Answer

The probable parental care of dinosaurs

Question 14

Crocodiles have a complete secondary palate that allows them to

Accepted Answer

A) cool off in hot weather by "gaping". 
B) breathe while the mouth is filled with water or food. 
C) smell the animal that they have seized. 
D) make loud mating calls. 
E) detect the warmth of prey. 
A) cool off in hot weather by "gaping". 
B) breathe while the mouth is filled with water or food. 
C) smell the animal that they have seized. 
D) make loud mating calls. 
E) detect the warmth of prey.

Question 15

The order Squamata is divided into two suborders,the Serpentes and the ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The order Squamata is divided into two...

Question 16

Nonavian reptiles are a paraphyletic group because

Accepted Answer

A) they do not have a common ancestry. 
B) they have a common ancestry. 
C) they do not include all descendants of their most recent common ancestor. 
D) they include all descendants of their most recent common ancestor. 
A) they do not have a common ancestry. 
B) they have a common ancestry. 
C) they do not include all descendants of their most recent common ancestor. 
D) they include all descendants of their most recent common ancestor.

Question 17

Which of the following is a feature of alligator reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) The female hears the young and digs open the nest to help them escape. 
B) The male alligator bellows during mating season. 
C) Incubation temperature determines the sex ratio of the offspring. 
D) The mother guards the area where the eggs are incubating. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) The female hears the young and digs open the nest to help them escape. 
B) The male alligator bellows during mating season. 
C) Incubation temperature determines the sex ratio of the offspring. 
D) The mother guards the area where the eggs are incubating. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 18

Which association of lineages and eventual derived groups is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Anaspids-turtles 
B) Diaspids-all "reptilian" groups except turtles 
C) Lepidosaurs-only extinct ichthyosaurs and pterodons 
D) Synapsids-mammals 
E) Archosaurs-dinosaurs,crocodilians,and birds 
A) Anaspids-turtles 
B) Diaspids-all "reptilian" groups except turtles 
C) Lepidosaurs-only extinct ichthyosaurs and pterodons 
D) Synapsids-mammals 
E) Archosaurs-dinosaurs,crocodilians,and birds

Question 19

The _______________ is a small,agile,mostly nocturnal lizard that has adhesive toe pads that enables it to walk upside down on a ceiling.

Accepted Answer

A) iguana 
B) skink 
C) chameleon 
D) gecko 
E) gila monster 
A) iguana 
B) skink 
C) chameleon 
D) gecko 
E) gila monster

Question 20

Turtle fossils appear in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) Permian 
B) Triassic 
C) Carboniferous 
D) Jurassic 
E) Cretaceous 
A) Permian 
B) Triassic 
C) Carboniferous 
D) Jurassic 
E) Cretaceous

Exam 26: Amniote Origins and Nonavian Reptiles

Since a turtle's shell essentially immobilizes the ribs,how does the turtle breathe?

When a snake is swimming,it is using what kind of movement?

Give support to the contention that the traditional class "Reptilia" is paraphyletic.If it is paraphyletic,what would you do to "fix" the situation?

Describe sex determination in the Crocodilia.Speculate on the evolution of such a system.

What is the name of the bottom plate on a turtle,which is continuous with the breastbone (sternum)?

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of being either endothermic or ectothermic.Are there any endothermic "nonavian reptiles?"

Amniotes having a skull with two temporal openings on each side are called ________.or

A unique anatomical design in turtles is that the

The evolution of joints between the skull and jaw,as well as new joints allowing the jaws to separate and manipulate food,has resulted in a(n)________ jaw.

If beta-keratin is unique to nonavian reptiles,how can one say that keratin is a shared feature of nonavian reptiles,birds,and mammals?

Crocodile teeth are set in sockets,a type of dentition called ____________ that was typical of archosaurs and early birds.

The Age of Reptiles consisted of the

Discuss the probable parental care of the dinosaurs.What kinds of evidence are used to support this claim?

Crocodiles have a complete secondary palate that allows them to

The order Squamata is divided into two suborders,the Serpentes and the ____________.

Nonavian reptiles are a paraphyletic group because

Which of the following is a feature of alligator reproduction?

Which association of lineages and eventual derived groups is NOT correct?

The _______________ is a small,agile,mostly nocturnal lizard that has adhesive toe pads that enables it to walk upside down on a ceiling.

Turtle fossils appear in the _____.

Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

The Origin and Chemistry of Life

Cells As Units of Life

Cellular Metabolism

Genetics: a Review

Organic Evolution

The Reproductive Process

Principles of Development

Architectual Pattern of an Animal

Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Animals

Unicellular Eukaryotes

Sponges and Placozoans

Cnidarians and Ctenophores

Acoelomorpha, Platyzoa, and Mesozoa

Polyzoa and Kryptrochozoa

Molluscs

Annelids and Allied Taxa

Smaller Ecdysozoans

Trilobites, Chelicerates, and Myriapods

Crustaceans

Hexapods

Chaetognaths, echinoderms, and Hemichordates

Chordates

Fishes

Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians

Birds

Mammals

Support, Protection, and Movement

Homeostasis: Osmotic Regulation, Excretion, and Temperature Regulation

Homeostasis: Internal Fluids and Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Nervous Coordination: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Chemical Coordination: Endocrine System

Immunity

Animal Behavior

Animal Distribution

Animal Ecology

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