Question 1

Behavioral changes as an alternative to current pesticide use would NOT include

Accepted Answer

A) Switching from monoculture fields to mixed polyculture fields 
B) Rotating crops 
C) Flooding fields before planting 
D) Habitat diversification 
E) Switch to a herbicide tolerant GMO crop. 
A) Switching from monoculture fields to mixed polyculture fields 
B) Rotating crops 
C) Flooding fields before planting 
D) Habitat diversification 
E) Switch to a herbicide tolerant GMO crop.

Question 2

In general, microbial agents are

Accepted Answer

A) Wide spectrum agents 
B) Used in place of chemical pesticides 
C) Small molecules that gasify easily 
D) Small molecules that penetrate rapidly into a variety of materials 
E) Persistent in the soil for a long time 
A) Wide spectrum agents 
B) Used in place of chemical pesticides 
C) Small molecules that gasify easily 
D) Small molecules that penetrate rapidly into a variety of materials 
E) Persistent in the soil for a long time

Question 3

Which of the following pesticide types is extremely toxic to workers who apply them?

Accepted Answer

A) Chlorinated hydrocarbons 
B) Carbamates 
C) Inorganic pesticides 
D) Fumigants 
E) Natural organic pesticides 
A) Chlorinated hydrocarbons 
B) Carbamates 
C) Inorganic pesticides 
D) Fumigants 
E) Natural organic pesticides

Question 4

Which of the following is the BEST way to ensure soil health?

Accepted Answer

A) Maintaining clean, open ground between rows 
B) Strip farming and leaving residues on fields after harvest 
C) Clearing fields immediately after harvesting 
D) Establishing ridges running up and down hills 
E) All of these are good practices in ensuring soil health 
A) Maintaining clean, open ground between rows 
B) Strip farming and leaving residues on fields after harvest 
C) Clearing fields immediately after harvesting 
D) Establishing ridges running up and down hills 
E) All of these are good practices in ensuring soil health

Question 5

DDT is a

Accepted Answer

A) Chlorinated hydrocarbon (organochloride) 
B) Natural organic pesticide 
C) Chlorinated inorganic pesticide 
D) Organophosphate 
E) Carbamate 
A) Chlorinated hydrocarbon (organochloride) 
B) Natural organic pesticide 
C) Chlorinated inorganic pesticide 
D) Organophosphate 
E) Carbamate

Question 6

In developing countries, the farm workers who account for the majority of illness and death from the most toxic agricultural chemicals are usually the workers who

Accepted Answer

A) Use machines to harvest grains 
B) Transport the chemicals 
C) Handpick fruits and vegetables 
D) Plow the fields because the pesticide residues are in the dust that can be inhaled 
A) Use machines to harvest grains 
B) Transport the chemicals 
C) Handpick fruits and vegetables 
D) Plow the fields because the pesticide residues are in the dust that can be inhaled

Question 7

Which of the following can be a chronic effect of pesticides on humans?

Accepted Answer

A) Cancer 
B) Fetal deformities 
C) Immune system problems 
D) Parkinson's disease 
E) All of these are correct 
A) Cancer 
B) Fetal deformities 
C) Immune system problems 
D) Parkinson's disease 
E) All of these are correct

Question 8

Mineral particles in the soil are derived from

Accepted Answer

A) Underlying bedrock 
B) Materials transported and deposited by glaciers 
C) Materials transported and deposited by rivers 
D) Materials transported and deposited by wind 
E) All of these are correct 
A) Underlying bedrock 
B) Materials transported and deposited by glaciers 
C) Materials transported and deposited by rivers 
D) Materials transported and deposited by wind 
E) All of these are correct

Question 9

Alcohol and pickling solutions were probably widely developed because they

Accepted Answer

A) Neutralize toxins in foods 
B) Preserve food due to their pesticidal properties 
C) Have more interesting flavors than other solutions for seasoning 
D) Are effective insecticides in the home 
E) All of these are good reasons why alcohol and pickling solutions were used 
A) Neutralize toxins in foods 
B) Preserve food due to their pesticidal properties 
C) Have more interesting flavors than other solutions for seasoning 
D) Are effective insecticides in the home 
E) All of these are good reasons why alcohol and pickling solutions were used

Question 10

Pest resurgence is part of the problem of pesticide resistance and happens when a pest organism

Accepted Answer

A) That was dormant during pesticide application becomes active and produces offspring 
B) Adapts to the pesticide and produces tolerant offspring 
C) Adapts to the pesticide and produces even more pesticide-tolerant offspring 
D) That is tolerant to the pesticide survives and produces tolerant offspring 
E) Receives a gene for pesticide tolerance through a virus infection 
A) That was dormant during pesticide application becomes active and produces offspring 
B) Adapts to the pesticide and produces tolerant offspring 
C) Adapts to the pesticide and produces even more pesticide-tolerant offspring 
D) That is tolerant to the pesticide survives and produces tolerant offspring 
E) Receives a gene for pesticide tolerance through a virus infection

Question 11

The stratified horizontal layers of soils are called soil _________.

Accepted Answer

A) Profiles 
B) Horizons 
C) Textures 
D) Types 
E) Classifications 
A) Profiles 
B) Horizons 
C) Textures 
D) Types 
E) Classifications

Question 12

Terracing is more sustainable than conventional farming, but is also more expensive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

DDT accumulation distrupted calcium metabolism in the North American eagle, as well as other birds, causing

Accepted Answer

A) Infertility 
B) Thin eggshells 
C) Severe nerve damage 
D) Adult deformities 
E) All of these are correct 
A) Infertility 
B) Thin eggshells 
C) Severe nerve damage 
D) Adult deformities 
E) All of these are correct

Question 14

Which of the following has been used historically to reduce agricultural pests?

Accepted Answer

A) Planting insect repelling plant and flowers. 
B) Salt 
C) Lime 
D) Sulfur ointments 
E) All of these methods have been used as pest control 
A) Planting insect repelling plant and flowers. 
B) Salt 
C) Lime 
D) Sulfur ointments 
E) All of these methods have been used as pest control

Question 15

Annual row crops such as __________ cause the highest erosion rates because _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) Corn and coffee; they use so many nutrients 
B) Wheat and coffee; they need so much water 
C) Tea and beans; plowing in the fall is required for planting of these annual spring crops 
D) Beans and coffee; trees are usually cut down for the fields 
E) Corn and beans; soil is left bare for the majority of the year 
A) Corn and coffee; they use so many nutrients 
B) Wheat and coffee; they need so much water 
C) Tea and beans; plowing in the fall is required for planting of these annual spring crops 
D) Beans and coffee; trees are usually cut down for the fields 
E) Corn and beans; soil is left bare for the majority of the year

Question 16

In developed countries, the most recent increases in agricultural productivity have come from

Accepted Answer

A) Irrigation in arid areas 
B) Increased fertilization 
C) New crop varieties 
D) An increase in the land being used for agriculture 
E) Irrigation, increased fertilization, and new crop varieties 
A) Irrigation in arid areas 
B) Increased fertilization 
C) New crop varieties 
D) An increase in the land being used for agriculture 
E) Irrigation, increased fertilization, and new crop varieties

Question 17

Why are pest predator populations so adversely affected by broad-spectrum pesticides?

Accepted Answer

A) In general, predators are more susceptible to the pesticides 
B) There is less food for the predators when the pest species is destroyed 
C) Predators in higher trophic levels are more likely to be wiped out than lower trophic levels 
D) Broad-spectrum pesticides leave more residues than other pesticides and kill the predators 
E) Predator populations are not more likely to be adversely affected 
A) In general, predators are more susceptible to the pesticides 
B) There is less food for the predators when the pest species is destroyed 
C) Predators in higher trophic levels are more likely to be wiped out than lower trophic levels 
D) Broad-spectrum pesticides leave more residues than other pesticides and kill the predators 
E) Predator populations are not more likely to be adversely affected

Question 18

In order to institute an integrated pest management program, it is necessary to

Accepted Answer

A) Have large amount of money 
B) Use large amount of space 
C) Have many different kinds of crops 
D) Burn all fields to eliminate biological elements 
E) Understand local plants and animals 
A) Have large amount of money 
B) Use large amount of space 
C) Have many different kinds of crops 
D) Burn all fields to eliminate biological elements 
E) Understand local plants and animals

Question 19

Organophosphates operate by attacking an organism's ________ system.

Accepted Answer

A) Muscular 
B) Blood 
C) Immune 
D) Nervous 
E) Skeletal 
A) Muscular 
B) Blood 
C) Immune 
D) Nervous 
E) Skeletal

Question 20

Wind erosion is most likely to cause problems in

Accepted Answer

A) Forested grazing lands on high mountains 
B) Open, arid regions 
C) Fertile river bottoms with annual floods 
D) Agricultural regions in the far north 
E) Protected, arid regions 
A) Forested grazing lands on high mountains 
B) Open, arid regions 
C) Fertile river bottoms with annual floods 
D) Agricultural regions in the far north 
E) Protected, arid regions

Exam 10: Farming: Conventional and Sustainable Practices

Behavioral changes as an alternative to current pesticide use would NOT include

In general, microbial agents are

Which of the following pesticide types is extremely toxic to workers who apply them?

Which of the following is the BEST way to ensure soil health?

DDT is a

In developing countries, the farm workers who account for the majority of illness and death from the most toxic agricultural chemicals are usually the workers who

Which of the following can be a chronic effect of pesticides on humans?

Mineral particles in the soil are derived from

Alcohol and pickling solutions were probably widely developed because they

Pest resurgence is part of the problem of pesticide resistance and happens when a pest organism

The stratified horizontal layers of soils are called soil _________.

Terracing is more sustainable than conventional farming, but is also more expensive.

DDT accumulation distrupted calcium metabolism in the North American eagle, as well as other birds, causing

Which of the following has been used historically to reduce agricultural pests?

Annual row crops such as __________ cause the highest erosion rates because _____________.

In developed countries, the most recent increases in agricultural productivity have come from

Why are pest predator populations so adversely affected by broad-spectrum pesticides?

In order to institute an integrated pest management program, it is necessary to

Organophosphates operate by attacking an organism's ________ system.

Wind erosion is most likely to cause problems in

Understanding Our Environment

Principles of Science and Systems

Matter, Energy, and Life

Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

Biomes

Population Biology

Human Populations

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Food and Hunger

Biodiversity

Biodiversity: Preserving Landscapes

Restoration Ecology

Geology and Earth Resources

Climate Change

Air Pollution

Water Use and Management

Water Pollution

Conventional Energy

Sustainable Energy

Solid, Toxic, and Hazardous Waste

Urbanization and Sustainable Cities

Ecological Economics

Environmental Policy, Law, and Planning

What Then Shall We Do

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Annual row crops such as cause the highest erosion rates because ___.