Question 1

Introduced disease causing organisms are especially dangerous to new environments because they can destroy the non-native host.This happens because the disease causing organisms

Accepted Answer

A) Have not evolved with this host to achieve the normal balance for long-term survival 
B) Are opportunists and in order to survive must out compete all other species 
C) Are specialists and destroy the individual organisms that have not developed resistance 
D) Do not have natural predators 
E) Are generalists and highly competitive 
A) Have not evolved with this host to achieve the normal balance for long-term survival 
B) Are opportunists and in order to survive must out compete all other species 
C) Are specialists and destroy the individual organisms that have not developed resistance 
D) Do not have natural predators 
E) Are generalists and highly competitive A

Question 2

Use the following scenario:
There are three ecological communities, each with differing species, but all of them have 100 individual plants and animals.
Community A has 21 species. Of the 110 individuals, there are 50 individuals of one species and 3 each of the other 20 species.
Community B has 11 species. Of the 110 individuals, there are 90 individuals of one species and 2 each of the other 10 species.
Community C has 11 species. Of the 110 individuals, there are 10 individuals of each species.

-In this scenario, which communities have the same species richness?

Accepted Answer

A) Community A and B 
B) Community A and C 
C) Community B and C 
D) All three communities have the same species richness 
E) None of the communities has the same species richness 
A) Community A and B 
B) Community A and C 
C) Community B and C 
D) All three communities have the same species richness 
E) None of the communities has the same species richness C

Question 3

Using specific examples, discuss four ways that humans benefit from biodiversity.

Accepted Answer

Should include some of the following, but may include others as well.
1) We have a large variety of food sources to choose from-all types of grains, starches, fruits, vegetables, seafood, and meat.
2) Pollinators provide us with many of our food sources, so they are also extremely important.They include birds, insects, and bats.
3) Bacteria and fungi provide us with many antibiotics.
4) Bacteria and fungi are also very beneficial as decomposers-cycling of nutrients.
5) Many plants have provided us with numerous drugs used to treat all types of diseases and illnesses.There are many discovered and undiscovered plants that may have medicinal potential.
6) Organisms provide us with ecological services that are invaluable to us-things like soil formation, water purification, production of oxygen, etc.
7) Organisms provide us with the opportunity for recreation-camping in a forest, fishing, horseback riding, etc.
8) Biodiversity can be economically beneficial.Many countries are now turning to ecotourism-making income by maintaining the natural environment for visitors to enjoy.

Question 4

Conservationists and wildlife managers use gap analysis to

Accepted Answer

A) Predict the next evolutionary change an organism will undergo 
B) Find unprotected landscapes that are rich in species 
C) Bring different managing agencies into closer accord 
D) Isolate and contain populations 
E) Establish connecting corridors 
A) Predict the next evolutionary change an organism will undergo 
B) Find unprotected landscapes that are rich in species 
C) Bring different managing agencies into closer accord 
D) Isolate and contain populations 
E) Establish connecting corridors

Question 5

The main reason that there are relatively few invertebrates categorized as endangered species is because

Accepted Answer

A) We consider other groups, such as mammals, to be more interesting and desirable 
B) Worldwide, there are relatively few invertebrates when compared to plants 
C) It is extremely difficult to identify and count invertebrates 
D) Since there are 532 invertebrates considered endangered, none of these is true 
E) Invertebrates are more numerous and the relative percentages are similar 
A) We consider other groups, such as mammals, to be more interesting and desirable 
B) Worldwide, there are relatively few invertebrates when compared to plants 
C) It is extremely difficult to identify and count invertebrates 
D) Since there are 532 invertebrates considered endangered, none of these is true 
E) Invertebrates are more numerous and the relative percentages are similar

Question 6

Where will you find the greatest concentration of different species?

Accepted Answer

A) Europe 
B) Siberia 
C) the poles 
D) the tropics 
A) Europe 
B) Siberia 
C) the poles 
D) the tropics

Question 7

Island ecosystems are extremely susceptible to invasive species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Most of the species that are yet undiscovered are probably

Accepted Answer

A) Mammals and reptiles 
B) Birds and fish 
C) Vertebrates 
D) Invertebrates 
E) Multicellular plants 
A) Mammals and reptiles 
B) Birds and fish 
C) Vertebrates 
D) Invertebrates 
E) Multicellular plants

Question 9

Which of the following statements about trade in endangered species is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The principal importers of endangered species are developed countries 
B) Coral reefs are not affected by the endangered species trade 
C) People who say they are animal lovers are the main contributors to the trade 
D) The principal exporters of endangered species are developing countries 
E) Up to 60 percent of birds die before reaching market 
A) The principal importers of endangered species are developed countries 
B) Coral reefs are not affected by the endangered species trade 
C) People who say they are animal lovers are the main contributors to the trade 
D) The principal exporters of endangered species are developing countries 
E) Up to 60 percent of birds die before reaching market

Question 10

A species that is naturally rare or that has been depleted to dangerous levels is known, according to the Endangered Species Act, as a(n) ________ species.

Accepted Answer

A) Endangered 
B) Threatened 
C) Unusual 
D) Vulnerable 
E) At risk 
A) Endangered 
B) Threatened 
C) Unusual 
D) Vulnerable 
E) At risk

Question 11

Carp species were introduced to the United States

Accepted Answer

A) As a food source 
B) To control aquatic vegetation and algae 
C) To increase angling opportunities 
D) From Africa 
E) For increased food production 
A) As a food source 
B) To control aquatic vegetation and algae 
C) To increase angling opportunities 
D) From Africa 
E) For increased food production

Question 12

We are usually referring to species diversity when we talk about biodiversity.However, genetic diversity is also important to ecological systems because diverse genes

Accepted Answer

A) Increase the efficiency and productivity of a system because all niches are filled. 
B) Allow an individual organism to adapt to its changing environment. 
C) Are necessary for a population to evolve in a changing environment. 
D) Lead to diverse ecological processes in a biological community. 
E) Are important for a balanced ecosystem. 
A) Increase the efficiency and productivity of a system because all niches are filled. 
B) Allow an individual organism to adapt to its changing environment. 
C) Are necessary for a population to evolve in a changing environment. 
D) Lead to diverse ecological processes in a biological community. 
E) Are important for a balanced ecosystem.

Question 13

Which of the following fish is safe and environmentally friendly to eat?

Accepted Answer

A) Swordfish 
B) Wild salmon 
C) Albacore tuna 
D) Yellowfin tuna 
E) Haddock 
A) Swordfish 
B) Wild salmon 
C) Albacore tuna 
D) Yellowfin tuna 
E) Haddock

Question 14

Use the following scenario:
 Your friend is upset because his conception of what a species has been challenged. His professor told him that there are some problems associated with the common way that a species is identified. Your friend learned what a species was while in high school and it was reinforced during his first year in college. He also refers to the third chapter in your environmental science book for this definition. Your friend wonders if this professor knows what she is talking about. You explain to him that there really are some problems associated with the common way that a species is defined and you think that this professor is correct.

-The common way that a species is defined in biology (the way it is defined in Chapter 3) is in terms of reproductive isolation.This means that all organisms that are similar enough to

Accepted Answer

A) Produce fertile offspring in nature 
B) Look alike 
C) Fill the same niche 
D) Occupy the same community 
E) Live together 
A) Produce fertile offspring in nature 
B) Look alike 
C) Fill the same niche 
D) Occupy the same community 
E) Live together

Question 15

"Exotic" is another word for

Accepted Answer

A) Tropical 
B) Foreign 
C) Rare 
D) Beautiful 
E) Desirable 
A) Tropical 
B) Foreign 
C) Rare 
D) Beautiful 
E) Desirable

Question 16

Species diversity in a community is an important factor in ecological resilience after a drought.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Barred owls have become a threat to spotted owls because they

Accepted Answer

A) Are smaller 
B) Have fewer predators 
C) Are more versatile in terms of habitat and diet 
D) Eat spotted owls 
E) Feed during the day 
A) Are smaller 
B) Have fewer predators 
C) Are more versatile in terms of habitat and diet 
D) Eat spotted owls 
E) Feed during the day

Question 18

The main reason for continued trade in endangered species is

Accepted Answer

A) A surplus of these species in their home countries 
B) Ruthless traders and collectors in tropical countries 
C) The need for international capital exchange in developing countries 
D) Pet lovers and collectors who like exotic species 
E) The presence of poachers in tropical countries 
A) A surplus of these species in their home countries 
B) Ruthless traders and collectors in tropical countries 
C) The need for international capital exchange in developing countries 
D) Pet lovers and collectors who like exotic species 
E) The presence of poachers in tropical countries

Question 19

Use the following scenario:
There are three ecological communities, each with differing species, but all of them have 100 individual plants and animals.
Community A has 21 species. Of the 110 individuals, there are 50 individuals of one species and 3 each of the other 20 species.
Community B has 11 species. Of the 110 individuals, there are 90 individuals of one species and 2 each of the other 10 species.
Community C has 11 species. Of the 110 individuals, there are 10 individuals of each species.

-In this scenario, which community has the highest species richness?

Accepted Answer

A) Community A 
B) Community B 
C) Community C 
D) Community A and C are the same 
E) Community A and B are the same 
A) Community A 
B) Community B 
C) Community C 
D) Community A and C are the same 
E) Community A and B are the same

Question 20

An important drug for treating Hodgkin's disease was discovered in a periwinkle native to ______ and is valued at approximately _________ per year.

Accepted Answer

A) New Guinea; $1-15 million 
B) Greenland; $200 million 
C) Madagascar; $150-300 million 
D) Sri Lanka; $150 million 
E) Costa Rica; $15 million 
A) New Guinea; $1-15 million 
B) Greenland; $200 million 
C) Madagascar; $150-300 million 
D) Sri Lanka; $150 million 
E) Costa Rica; $15 million

Exam 11: Biodiversity

Introduced disease causing organisms are especially dangerous to new environments because they can destroy the non-native host.This happens because the disease causing organisms

Using specific examples, discuss four ways that humans benefit from biodiversity.

Conservationists and wildlife managers use gap analysis to

The main reason that there are relatively few invertebrates categorized as endangered species is because

Where will you find the greatest concentration of different species?

Island ecosystems are extremely susceptible to invasive species.

Most of the species that are yet undiscovered are probably

Which of the following statements about trade in endangered species is FALSE?

A species that is naturally rare or that has been depleted to dangerous levels is known, according to the Endangered Species Act, as a(n) ________ species.

Carp species were introduced to the United States

We are usually referring to species diversity when we talk about biodiversity.However, genetic diversity is also important to ecological systems because diverse genes

Which of the following fish is safe and environmentally friendly to eat?

"Exotic" is another word for

Species diversity in a community is an important factor in ecological resilience after a drought.

Barred owls have become a threat to spotted owls because they

The main reason for continued trade in endangered species is

An important drug for treating Hodgkin's disease was discovered in a periwinkle native to ______ and is valued at approximately _________ per year.

Understanding Our Environment

Principles of Science and Systems

Matter, Energy, and Life

Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

Biomes

Population Biology

Human Populations

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Food and Hunger

Farming: Conventional and Sustainable Practices

Biodiversity: Preserving Landscapes

Restoration Ecology

Geology and Earth Resources

Climate Change

Air Pollution

Water Use and Management

Water Pollution

Conventional Energy

Sustainable Energy

Solid, Toxic, and Hazardous Waste

Urbanization and Sustainable Cities

Ecological Economics

Environmental Policy, Law, and Planning

What Then Shall We Do

Filters

An important drug for treating Hodgkin's disease was discovered in a periwinkle native to and is valued at approximately ___ per year.