Exam 5: Learning

Which alternative below CORRECTLY pairs a learning style described in your text with one of its characteristics?

Olympia consumed some poorly stored sushi on a hot day;she became violently ill.Now Olympia can't stand the sight of sushi.She has developed a(n).

Identify a behavior of your own that you would like to perform more frequently (e.g.,studying,completing household chores or yard work)or less frequently (e.g.,snacking,smoking cigarettes).Outline a step-by-step behavior modification program that might help you achieve your goal.

Dr.Margate specializes in using behavior modification techniques to help adults engage in health-promoting behaviors,such as exercising,quitting smoking,and so forth.Dr.Margate is a behavior .

Which of the following statements INCORRECTLY describes the effects on observational learning of the reinforcement or punishment of the model?

Which of the following types of consequences is CORRECTLY matched with an example?

The process by which a stimulus increases the likelihood that a preceding behavior will be repeated is called:

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of punishment?

Typically long pauses in responding are found in _____ schedules.

Imagine that you are a parent,a teacher,or a supervisor in a workplace.Give specific examples of how you might use (a)positive reinforcement, (b)negative reinforcement, (c)positive punishment,and (d)negative punishment to bring about desirable changes in the behavior of a child,student,or subordinate worker.

Explain classical conditioning with a suitable example.

A(n)_____ reinforcer refers to the removal of an unpleasant stimulus,putting on a sweater when your cold for example,which leads to an increase in the probability that a preceding response will be repeated in the future.

When a behavior is reinforced in the presence of a specific stimulus,but not in its absence it is known as training.

Stimulus _____ provides the ability to differentiate between stimuli.

"Responses that lead to satisfying consequences are more likely to be repeated." This is the law of:

One reason Carlos continues to work at his job is the check he receives every two weeks.Carlos' paycheck is a _____ reinforcer.

Classical conditioning applies mostly to _____.Operant conditioning applies mainly to _____.

Draw on your knowledge of positive and negative reinforcement,punishment,schedules of reinforcement,stimulus control training,discriminative stimuli,shaping,and biological constraints on learning to describe how you might use operant conditioning to train domestic animals-e.g.,dogs,cats,horses,etc.-to perform desired behaviors.

Imagine that you graphed the cumulative number of bar-press responses over time of four rats,each reinforced on a different one of the four schedules of intermittent reinforcement.Each rat's behavior is graphed on a separate line.The line with the greatest slope should be that displaying the behavior of the rat reinforced on the _____ schedule.

Janine completed several tours of duty in Afghanistan.She suffers from PTSD.Now,back home in Texas,she is frightened by firecrackers and cars backfiring.The fact that these sounds scare her reflects a process of stimulus: