Question 1

Recall Tolman's latent learning experiments in which rats learned to run a maze.What was the critical result?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rats that were never given an incentive,never learned to run the maze. 
B)  Rats that were never given an incentive still learned to run the maze. 
C)  Rats that began to receive an incentive halfway through the experiment rapidly matched the performance of rats that had been reinforced from the beginning of the experiment. 
D)  Rats that began to receive an incentive halfway through the experiment never learned to run the maze. 
A)  Rats that were never given an incentive,never learned to run the maze. 
B)  Rats that were never given an incentive still learned to run the maze. 
C)  Rats that began to receive an incentive halfway through the experiment rapidly matched the performance of rats that had been reinforced from the beginning of the experiment. 
D)  Rats that began to receive an incentive halfway through the experiment never learned to run the maze.

Question 2

According to one survey,approximately one-_____ of violent young male offenders in Florida had attempted to commit a media-inspired copycat crime.

Accepted Answer

A)  fifth 
B)  fourth 
C)  third 
D)  half 
A)  fifth 
B)  fourth 
C)  third 
D)  half

Question 3

The focus of classical and operant conditioning is on _____;the focus of the cognitive learning approach is on _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  external stimuli,responses,and reinforcement;internal thoughts and expectations of learners 
B)  external stimuli,responses,and reinforcement;external stimuli,responses,and reinforcement as well 
C)  internal thoughts and expectations of learners;external stimuli,responses,and reinforcement 
D)  internal thoughts and expectations of learners;internal thoughts and expectations of learners as well 
A)  external stimuli,responses,and reinforcement;internal thoughts and expectations of learners 
B)  external stimuli,responses,and reinforcement;external stimuli,responses,and reinforcement as well 
C)  internal thoughts and expectations of learners;external stimuli,responses,and reinforcement 
D)  internal thoughts and expectations of learners;internal thoughts and expectations of learners as well

Question 4

In observational learning,the organism whose behavior is observed is termed the .

Accepted Answer

The answer of In observational learning,the organism whose behavior is...

Question 5

Vending machine is to slot machine what _____ reinforcement is to _____ reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary;primary 
B)  continuous;intermittent 
C)  partial;intermittent 
D)  variable;fixed 
A)  secondary;primary 
B)  continuous;intermittent 
C)  partial;intermittent 
D)  variable;fixed

Question 6

Money is an example of a reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Money is an example of a reinforcer....

Question 7

_____ punishment consists of the removal of something pleasant.

Accepted Answer

A)  Prescriptive 
B)  Negative 
C)  Positive 
D)  Normative 
A)  Prescriptive 
B)  Negative 
C)  Positive 
D)  Normative

Question 8

_____ stimulus naturally brings about a particular response without having been learned.

Accepted Answer

A)  Conditioned 
B)  Unconditioned 
C)  Neutral 
D)  Normative 
A)  Conditioned 
B)  Unconditioned 
C)  Neutral 
D)  Normative

Question 9

Suppose that you are asked to lead a workshop for parents on the use of punishment and reinforcement to manage child and adolescent behavior.What might you tell the parents regarding the appropriate and inappropriate use of punishment? Provide concrete examples to support your points.Suggest how parents might use punishment more effectively and how they might substitute reinforcement for punishment.Provide concrete examples to support your points.

Accepted Answer

Students' examples may vary.
Punishment

Question 10

In general,_____ schedules of reinforcement yield high response rates.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable-interval 
B)  fixed-interval 
C)  variable-ratio 
D)  fixed-ratio 
A)  variable-interval 
B)  fixed-interval 
C)  variable-ratio 
D)  fixed-ratio

Question 11

When your partner says "I'm going up to bed early," you follow expectantly.When he or she says,"I'm tired," you stay
behind and say you'll read in the living room for a while.This is an example of a stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When your partner says "I'm going up...

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE of stimulus generalization?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the process that occurs if two stimuli are sufficiently distinct from one another. 
B)  The greater the similarity between two stimuli,the greater the likelihood of stimulus generalization. 
C)  The conditioned response elicited by the new stimulus is usually more intense than the original conditioned response. 
D)  Stimulus generalization provides the ability to differentiate between stimuli. 
A)  It is the process that occurs if two stimuli are sufficiently distinct from one another. 
B)  The greater the similarity between two stimuli,the greater the likelihood of stimulus generalization. 
C)  The conditioned response elicited by the new stimulus is usually more intense than the original conditioned response. 
D)  Stimulus generalization provides the ability to differentiate between stimuli.

Question 13

A fixed-ratio schedule is a schedule:

Accepted Answer

A)  by which reinforcement is given only after a specific number of responses are made. 
B)  by which reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses rather than after a fixed number. 
C)  that provides reinforcement for a response only if a fixed time period has elapsed,making overall rates of response relatively low. 
D)  by which the time between reinforcements varies around some average rather than being fixed. 
A)  by which reinforcement is given only after a specific number of responses are made. 
B)  by which reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses rather than after a fixed number. 
C)  that provides reinforcement for a response only if a fixed time period has elapsed,making overall rates of response relatively low. 
D)  by which the time between reinforcements varies around some average rather than being fixed.

Question 14

Learning in which a new behavior is acquired but is not demonstrated until some incentive is provided for displaying it is known as _____ learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  tangential 
B)  latent 
C)  perceptual 
D)  spatial 
A)  tangential 
B)  latent 
C)  perceptual 
D)  spatial

Question 15

Which of the following terms best expresses the relationship between stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are unrelated. 
B)  They are opposites. 
C)  They are the same thing. 
D)  Stimulus discrimination is a type of stimulus generalization. 
A)  They are unrelated. 
B)  They are opposites. 
C)  They are the same thing. 
D)  Stimulus discrimination is a type of stimulus generalization.

Question 16

The reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest and with no further conditioning is known as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction 
B)  habituation 
C)  spontaneous recovery 
D)  deconditioning 
A)  extinction 
B)  habituation 
C)  spontaneous recovery 
D)  deconditioning

Question 17

You toss a newly purchased felt mouse across the floor;your cat chases it excitedly,clutches it in her paws and rolls around with it.Several tosses later,your cat yawns pointedly and settles herself for a nap.The change in your cat's behavior illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  conditioning. 
D)  maturation. 
A)  adaptation. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  conditioning. 
D)  maturation.

Question 18

Which of the following reinforcers is INCORRECTLY categorized?

Accepted Answer

A)  Food-primary reinforcer 
B)  Money-primary reinforcer 
C)  Praise-secondary reinforcer 
D)  Relief-primary reinforcer 
A)  Food-primary reinforcer 
B)  Money-primary reinforcer 
C)  Praise-secondary reinforcer 
D)  Relief-primary reinforcer

Question 19

Adam was badly stung by a bee when he was a child.Now he is frightened not only of bees but of all flying insects.This example illustrates
.

Accepted Answer

stimulus g

Question 20

Dr.Arceneaux has developed several alternative plans to increase the number of online practice quizzes his students complete.Which plan below is INCORRECTLY matched with the related schedule?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 bonus point for every two online practice quizzes completed-fixed-ratio 
B)  1 bonus point awarded every 2 weeks if two or more quizzes have been completed-fixed-interval 
C)  1 bonus point awarded every now and then (about 2 weeks on average)if two or more quizzes have been completed recently-variable-ratio 
D)  1 bonus point awarded randomly,either for every 2 online quizzes taken or 2 bonus points for all those students taken within the first week-variable-interval 
A)  1 bonus point for every two online practice quizzes completed-fixed-ratio 
B)  1 bonus point awarded every 2 weeks if two or more quizzes have been completed-fixed-interval 
C)  1 bonus point awarded every now and then (about 2 weeks on average)if two or more quizzes have been completed recently-variable-ratio 
D)  1 bonus point awarded randomly,either for every 2 online quizzes taken or 2 bonus points for all those students taken within the first week-variable-interval

Recall Tolman's latent learning experiments in which rats learned to run a maze.What was the critical result?

According to one survey,approximately one-_____ of violent young male offenders in Florida had attempted to commit a media-inspired copycat crime.

The focus of classical and operant conditioning is on _;the focus of the cognitive learning approach is on _.

In observational learning,the organism whose behavior is observed is termed the .

Vending machine is to slot machine what _ reinforcement is to _ reinforcement.

Money is an example of a reinforcer.

_____ punishment consists of the removal of something pleasant.

_____ stimulus naturally brings about a particular response without having been learned.

In general,_____ schedules of reinforcement yield high response rates.

When your partner says "I'm going up to bed early," you follow expectantly.When he or she says,"I'm tired," you stay behind and say you'll read in the living room for a while.This is an example of a stimulus.

Which of the following is TRUE of stimulus generalization?

A fixed-ratio schedule is a schedule:

Learning in which a new behavior is acquired but is not demonstrated until some incentive is provided for displaying it is known as _____ learning.

Which of the following terms best expresses the relationship between stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination?

The reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest and with no further conditioning is known as _____.

You toss a newly purchased felt mouse across the floor;your cat chases it excitedly,clutches it in her paws and rolls around with it.Several tosses later,your cat yawns pointedly and settles herself for a nap.The change in your cat's behavior illustrates:

Which of the following reinforcers is INCORRECTLY categorized?

Adam was badly stung by a bee when he was a child.Now he is frightened not only of bees but of all flying insects.This example illustrates .

Dr.Arceneaux has developed several alternative plans to increase the number of online practice quizzes his students complete.Which plan below is INCORRECTLY matched with the related schedule?

Introduction to Psychology

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

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Motivation and Emotion

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Exam 5: Learning

Recall Tolman's latent learning experiments in which rats learned to run a maze.What was the critical result?

According to one survey,approximately one-_____ of violent young male offenders in Florida had attempted to commit a media-inspired copycat crime.

The focus of classical and operant conditioning is on _____;the focus of the cognitive learning approach is on _____.

In observational learning,the organism whose behavior is observed is termed the .

Vending machine is to slot machine what _____ reinforcement is to _____ reinforcement.

Money is an example of a reinforcer.

_____ punishment consists of the removal of something pleasant.

_____ stimulus naturally brings about a particular response without having been learned.

In general,_____ schedules of reinforcement yield high response rates.

When your partner says "I'm going up to bed early," you follow expectantly.When he or she says,"I'm tired," you stay behind and say you'll read in the living room for a while.This is an example of a stimulus.

Which of the following is TRUE of stimulus generalization?

A fixed-ratio schedule is a schedule:

Learning in which a new behavior is acquired but is not demonstrated until some incentive is provided for displaying it is known as _____ learning.

Which of the following terms best expresses the relationship between stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination?

The reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest and with no further conditioning is known as _____.

You toss a newly purchased felt mouse across the floor;your cat chases it excitedly,clutches it in her paws and rolls around with it.Several tosses later,your cat yawns pointedly and settles herself for a nap.The change in your cat's behavior illustrates:

Which of the following reinforcers is INCORRECTLY categorized?

Adam was badly stung by a bee when he was a child.Now he is frightened not only of bees but of all flying insects.This example illustrates .

Dr.Arceneaux has developed several alternative plans to increase the number of online practice quizzes his students complete.Which plan below is INCORRECTLY matched with the related schedule?

Introduction to Psychology

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development

Personality

Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

Filters

The focus of classical and operant conditioning is on _;the focus of the cognitive learning approach is on _.

Vending machine is to slot machine what _ reinforcement is to _ reinforcement.