Question 1

A fixed-interval schedule is a schedule:

Accepted Answer

A)  by which reinforcement is given only after a specific number of responses are made. 
B)  by which reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses rather than after a fixed number. 
C)  that provides reinforcement for a response only if an unvarying time period has elapsed,making overall rates of response relatively low. 
D)  by which the time between reinforcements varies around some average rather than being constant. 
A)  by which reinforcement is given only after a specific number of responses are made. 
B)  by which reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses rather than after a fixed number. 
C)  that provides reinforcement for a response only if an unvarying time period has elapsed,making overall rates of response relatively low. 
D)  by which the time between reinforcements varies around some average rather than being constant.

Question 2

You don't receive a smile or a "thank you" each time you hold a door for the person behind you.It is acknowledged sometimes.Door-holding is reinforced on a(n)_____ reinforcement schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous 
B)  partial 
C)  regular 
D)  fixed 
A)  continuous 
B)  partial 
C)  regular 
D)  fixed

Question 3

The process of teaching a complex behavior by reinforcing closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus control training. 
B)  discrimination training. 
C)  shaping. 
D)  behavior modification. 
A)  stimulus control training. 
B)  discrimination training. 
C)  shaping. 
D)  behavior modification.

Question 4

In Pavlov's study,the bell is both a(n)stimulus and a conditioned stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Pavlov's study,the bell is both a(n)stimulus...

Question 5

Ewan is convinced that a woman across the bar is "sending signals." A learning theorist would term such signals:

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned stimuli. 
B)  discriminative stimuli. 
C)  positive reinforcers. 
D)  intermittent reinforcers. 
A)  conditioned stimuli. 
B)  discriminative stimuli. 
C)  positive reinforcers. 
D)  intermittent reinforcers.

Question 6

_____ is a formalized technique for promoting the frequency of desirable conducts and decreasing the incidence of unwanted ones.

Accepted Answer

A)  Functional modification 
B)  Genetic modification 
C)  Posttranslational modification 
D)  Behavior modification 
A)  Functional modification 
B)  Genetic modification 
C)  Posttranslational modification 
D)  Behavior modification

Question 7

______________are intense,irrational fears.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________are intense,irrational fears....

Question 8

Psychologists working within the cognitive learning perspective:

Accepted Answer

A)  deny the importance of classical and operant conditioning. 
B)  go beyond classical and operant conditioning. 
C)  perform research essentially identical to that conducted by more traditional learning theorists. 
D)  have probably never heard of classical and operant conditioning. 
A)  deny the importance of classical and operant conditioning. 
B)  go beyond classical and operant conditioning. 
C)  perform research essentially identical to that conducted by more traditional learning theorists. 
D)  have probably never heard of classical and operant conditioning.

Question 9

Making specific reference to such terms as UCS,CS,UCR,CR,and stimulus generalization,explain how classical conditioning may account for the development of a specific phobia.

Accepted Answer

The acquisition of a phobia begins with

Question 10

Based on your reading of the text,the average child in the United States has viewed more than _____ murders on network TV by the time he or she graduates from elementary school.

Accepted Answer

A)  12 
B)  500 
C)  8,000 
D)  6,000 
A)  12 
B)  500 
C)  8,000 
D)  6,000

Question 11

Dr.Arceneaux wants his students to take advantage of online practice quizzes on his course site.Which of the following is the most effective plan to increase the number of practice quizzes completed?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 bonus point for every 2 online practice quizzes completed 
B)  5 points deducted from course total if no quizzes are completed 
C)  1 bonus point awarded every 2 weeks if 2 or more quizzes have been completed 
D)  1 bonus point awarded every now and then (about 2 weeks on average)if 2 or more quizzes have been completed recently 
A)  1 bonus point for every 2 online practice quizzes completed 
B)  5 points deducted from course total if no quizzes are completed 
C)  1 bonus point awarded every 2 weeks if 2 or more quizzes have been completed 
D)  1 bonus point awarded every now and then (about 2 weeks on average)if 2 or more quizzes have been completed recently

Question 12

A(n)_____ is a mental representation of spatial locations and directions.

Accepted Answer

A)  algorithm 
B)  prototype 
C)  cognitive map 
D)  perceptual blueprint 
A)  algorithm 
B)  prototype 
C)  cognitive map 
D)  perceptual blueprint

Question 13

To what extent does culture influence learning style? Distinguish between analytic and relational learning styles and suggest how they might vary across sociocultural groups.How might they reflect cross-cultural differences in parenting or teaching practices?

Accepted Answer

The answer should include the following

Question 14

June's cat runs to the kitchen at the sound of the electric can opener,which she has learned is used to open her food when her dinner is about to be served.The cat does not run when a blender is used,although it sounds similar.June's cat is demonstrating stimulus:

Accepted Answer

A)  control. 
B)  discrimination. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  diffusion. 
A)  control. 
B)  discrimination. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  diffusion.

Question 15

Observational learning research suggests that seeing others reinforced for particular behaviors may encourage our own acquisition of similar behaviors.To what extent is exposure to media violence associated with the acquisition of aggressive behavior?

Accepted Answer

Different levels of media violence are a

Question 16

_____ is learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened,depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences.

Accepted Answer

A)  Classical conditioning 
B)  Operant conditioning 
C)  Observational learning 
D)  Instrumental conditioning 
A)  Classical conditioning 
B)  Operant conditioning 
C)  Observational learning 
D)  Instrumental conditioning

Question 17

Based on your reading of the text,exposure to actual firearm violence increases by a factor of _____ the likelihood that an adolescent will commit serious violence within the succeeding two years.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1.5 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 18

Which pair below CORRECTLY identifies a stimulus or response in Watson and Rayner's "Little Albert" study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unconditioned stimulus-noise 
B)  Conditioned stimulus- fear 
C)  Unconditioned response-rat 
D)  Neutral stimulus-fear 
A)  Unconditioned stimulus-noise 
B)  Conditioned stimulus- fear 
C)  Unconditioned response-rat 
D)  Neutral stimulus-fear

Question 19

_____ occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears.

Accepted Answer

A)  Extinction 
B)  Habituation 
C)  Adaptation 
D)  Deconditioning 
A)  Extinction 
B)  Habituation 
C)  Adaptation 
D)  Deconditioning

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of negative punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  You fight with your significant other and walk away. 
B)  Spanking a child for misbehaving. 
C)  Yelling at your spouse for being irresponsible. 
D)  Informing an employee that he has been demoted because of a poor job evaluation. 
A)  You fight with your significant other and walk away. 
B)  Spanking a child for misbehaving. 
C)  Yelling at your spouse for being irresponsible. 
D)  Informing an employee that he has been demoted because of a poor job evaluation.

A fixed-interval schedule is a schedule:

You don't receive a smile or a "thank you" each time you hold a door for the person behind you.It is acknowledged sometimes.Door-holding is reinforced on a(n)_____ reinforcement schedule.

The process of teaching a complex behavior by reinforcing closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior is called:

In Pavlov's study,the bell is both a(n)stimulus and a conditioned stimulus.

Ewan is convinced that a woman across the bar is "sending signals." A learning theorist would term such signals:

_____ is a formalized technique for promoting the frequency of desirable conducts and decreasing the incidence of unwanted ones.

______________are intense,irrational fears.

Psychologists working within the cognitive learning perspective:

Making specific reference to such terms as UCS,CS,UCR,CR,and stimulus generalization,explain how classical conditioning may account for the development of a specific phobia.

Based on your reading of the text,the average child in the United States has viewed more than _____ murders on network TV by the time he or she graduates from elementary school.

Dr.Arceneaux wants his students to take advantage of online practice quizzes on his course site.Which of the following is the most effective plan to increase the number of practice quizzes completed?

A(n)_____ is a mental representation of spatial locations and directions.

To what extent does culture influence learning style? Distinguish between analytic and relational learning styles and suggest how they might vary across sociocultural groups.How might they reflect cross-cultural differences in parenting or teaching practices?

June's cat runs to the kitchen at the sound of the electric can opener,which she has learned is used to open her food when her dinner is about to be served.The cat does not run when a blender is used,although it sounds similar.June's cat is demonstrating stimulus:

Observational learning research suggests that seeing others reinforced for particular behaviors may encourage our own acquisition of similar behaviors.To what extent is exposure to media violence associated with the acquisition of aggressive behavior?

_____ is learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened,depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences.

Based on your reading of the text,exposure to actual firearm violence increases by a factor of _____ the likelihood that an adolescent will commit serious violence within the succeeding two years.

Which pair below CORRECTLY identifies a stimulus or response in Watson and Rayner's "Little Albert" study?

_____ occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears.

Which of the following is an example of negative punishment?

Introduction to Psychology

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Exam 5: Learning

A fixed-interval schedule is a schedule:

You don't receive a smile or a "thank you" each time you hold a door for the person behind you.It is acknowledged sometimes.Door-holding is reinforced on a(n)_____ reinforcement schedule.

The process of teaching a complex behavior by reinforcing closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior is called:

In Pavlov's study,the bell is both a(n)stimulus and a conditioned stimulus.

Ewan is convinced that a woman across the bar is "sending signals." A learning theorist would term such signals:

_____ is a formalized technique for promoting the frequency of desirable conducts and decreasing the incidence of unwanted ones.

______________are intense,irrational fears.

Psychologists working within the cognitive learning perspective:

Making specific reference to such terms as UCS,CS,UCR,CR,and stimulus generalization,explain how classical conditioning may account for the development of a specific phobia.

Based on your reading of the text,the average child in the United States has viewed more than _____ murders on network TV by the time he or she graduates from elementary school.

Dr.Arceneaux wants his students to take advantage of online practice quizzes on his course site.Which of the following is the most effective plan to increase the number of practice quizzes completed?

A(n)_____ is a mental representation of spatial locations and directions.

To what extent does culture influence learning style? Distinguish between analytic and relational learning styles and suggest how they might vary across sociocultural groups.How might they reflect cross-cultural differences in parenting or teaching practices?

June's cat runs to the kitchen at the sound of the electric can opener,which she has learned is used to open her food when her dinner is about to be served.The cat does not run when a blender is used,although it sounds similar.June's cat is demonstrating stimulus:

Observational learning research suggests that seeing others reinforced for particular behaviors may encourage our own acquisition of similar behaviors.To what extent is exposure to media violence associated with the acquisition of aggressive behavior?

_____ is learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened,depending on its favorable or unfavorable consequences.

Based on your reading of the text,exposure to actual firearm violence increases by a factor of _____ the likelihood that an adolescent will commit serious violence within the succeeding two years.

Which pair below CORRECTLY identifies a stimulus or response in Watson and Rayner's "Little Albert" study?

_____ occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears.

Which of the following is an example of negative punishment?

Introduction to Psychology

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development

Personality

Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

Filters