Question 1

An analytic learning style is most likely to be displayed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Caucasian males. 
B)  Asian-American females. 
C)  Hispanic-American females. 
D)  Native-American males. 
A)  Caucasian males. 
B)  Asian-American females. 
C)  Hispanic-American females. 
D)  Native-American males.

Question 2

Classical conditioning is most successful when the neutral stimulus begins:

Accepted Answer

A)  just before the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
B)  at exactly the same time that the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
C)  long before the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
D)  immediately after the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
A)  just before the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
B)  at exactly the same time that the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
C)  long before the unconditioned stimulus begins. 
D)  immediately after the unconditioned stimulus begins.

Question 3

The root of operant conditioning may be traced to _____'s early studies of hungry cats learning to escape from cages.

Accepted Answer

A)  Skinner 
B)  Thorndike 
C)  Watson 
D)  Pavlov 
A)  Skinner 
B)  Thorndike 
C)  Watson 
D)  Pavlov

Question 4

Negative reinforcement:

Accepted Answer

A)  is the same thing as punishment. 
B)  increases the likelihood that preceding behaviors will be repeated. 
C)  decreases the likelihood that a behavior will be performed. 
D)  is a stimulus whose removal leads to a decrease in the probability that a preceding response will be repeated. 
A)  is the same thing as punishment. 
B)  increases the likelihood that preceding behaviors will be repeated. 
C)  decreases the likelihood that a behavior will be performed. 
D)  is a stimulus whose removal leads to a decrease in the probability that a preceding response will be repeated.

Question 5

The most influential psychologist to study operant conditioning was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud. 
B)  Watson. 
C)  Pavlov. 
D)  Skinner. 
A)  Freud. 
B)  Watson. 
C)  Pavlov. 
D)  Skinner.

Question 6

Briefly describe observational learning and Bandura's Bobo doll research.Discuss how this research altered conventional views of learning.What role might mirror neurons play in observational learning?

Accepted Answer

According to psychologist Albert Bandura

Question 7

Psychologists use the term _____ to refer to a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience.

Accepted Answer

A)  growth 
B)  maturation 
C)  cognition 
D)  learning 
A)  growth 
B)  maturation 
C)  cognition 
D)  learning

Question 8

Mrs.Martin,a third-grade teacher,is instructing cursive writing.At first,she reinforces even crude attempts to reproduce letters with an encouraging word;as time goes on,though,she reinforces only well-formed letters.By reinforcing progressively better attempts at writing letters,Mrs.Martin is using:

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination training. 
B)  shaping. 
C)  stimulus control training. 
D)  behavior modification. 
A)  discrimination training. 
B)  shaping. 
C)  stimulus control training. 
D)  behavior modification.

Question 9

_____ is associated with the Fearless-Peer experiment.The experiment demonstrates _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pavlov;classical conditioning 
B)  Bandura;observational learning 
C)  Skinner;operant conditioning 
D)  Thorndike;latent learning 
A)  Pavlov;classical conditioning 
B)  Bandura;observational learning 
C)  Skinner;operant conditioning 
D)  Thorndike;latent learning

Question 10

What are the pros and cons of punishment?

Accepted Answer

Punishment often presents the quickest r

Question 11

Which of the following sequences CORRECTLY arranges the phases of the classical conditioning process,from first to last?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acquisition $\rarr$ spontaneous recovery $\rarr$ extinction 
B)  Acquisition $\rarr$ extinction $\rarr$ spontaneous recovery 
C)  Spontaneous recovery $\rarr$ acquisition $\rarr$ extinction 
D)  Extinction $\rarr$ acquisition $\rarr$ spontaneous recovery 
A)  Acquisition $\rarr$ spontaneous recovery $\rarr$ extinction 
B)  Acquisition $\rarr$ extinction $\rarr$ spontaneous recovery 
C)  Spontaneous recovery $\rarr$ acquisition $\rarr$ extinction 
D)  Extinction $\rarr$ acquisition $\rarr$ spontaneous recovery

Question 12

How have psychologists challenged Pavlov's traditional account of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Psychologists have challenged Pavlov's o

Question 13

Which of the following approaches to treating a phobia is/are CORRECTLY matched with the type of learning it reflects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conditioning client to associate a response of relaxation rather than anxiety to the feared object - observational learning 
B)  Reinforcing client directly by interacting with the feared object - operant conditioning 
C)  Exposing client to a model interacting successfully with the feared object - classical conditioning 
D)  A new behavior is learned but not demonstrated until some incentive is provided for displaying it - perceptual learning 
A)  Conditioning client to associate a response of relaxation rather than anxiety to the feared object - observational learning 
B)  Reinforcing client directly by interacting with the feared object - operant conditioning 
C)  Exposing client to a model interacting successfully with the feared object - classical conditioning 
D)  A new behavior is learned but not demonstrated until some incentive is provided for displaying it - perceptual learning

Question 14

_____ learning occurs without reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A)  Latent 
B)  Operant 
C)  Subliminal 
D)  Manifest 
A)  Latent 
B)  Operant 
C)  Subliminal 
D)  Manifest

Question 15

Neal,an Asian-American student would most likely:

Accepted Answer

A)  focus on detail. 
B)  have a good memory for verbally presented ideas and information. 
C)  learn materials that have a human,social content. 
D)  perceive information as part of total picture. 
A)  focus on detail. 
B)  have a good memory for verbally presented ideas and information. 
C)  learn materials that have a human,social content. 
D)  perceive information as part of total picture.

Question 16

_____ refers to a decrease in the response to a stimulus when it is presented repeatedly,whereas _____ refers to the eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented.

Accepted Answer

A)  Extinction;habituation 
B)  Habituation;extinction 
C)  Habituation;adaptation 
D)  Adaptation;habituation 
A)  Extinction;habituation 
B)  Habituation;extinction 
C)  Habituation;adaptation 
D)  Adaptation;habituation

Question 17

A _____ is any stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will occur again.

Accepted Answer

A)  catalyst 
B)  rejoinder 
C)  reinforcer 
D)  stimulant 
A)  catalyst 
B)  rejoinder 
C)  reinforcer 
D)  stimulant

Question 18

In the latent learning study described in the text,the rats that were reinforced only during the latter portion of the experiment would be considered a(n)group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the latent learning study described in...

Question 19

Which of the following promotions exemplifies the use of a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  A café prints "You are a winner" on a random one-twelfth of its coffee lids;patrons receiving such a lid can redeem it for a free beverage. 
B)  A café offers its customers a punch card.Each time a patron purchases a beverage,a hole is punched;when ten holes are punched,the patron receives a free beverage. 
C)  A café offers each patron an early morning two-for-one free-beverage-with-purchase deal from 5 to 6 a.m.on Monday mornings. 
D)  Now and then,a café announces a two-for-one deal. 
A)  A café prints "You are a winner" on a random one-twelfth of its coffee lids;patrons receiving such a lid can redeem it for a free beverage. 
B)  A café offers its customers a punch card.Each time a patron purchases a beverage,a hole is punched;when ten holes are punched,the patron receives a free beverage. 
C)  A café offers each patron an early morning two-for-one free-beverage-with-purchase deal from 5 to 6 a.m.on Monday mornings. 
D)  Now and then,a café announces a two-for-one deal.

Question 20

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies extinction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexis is a former cocaine user.Now that she no longer uses cocaine,her hands no longer shake and her heart no longer pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car. 
B)  Alexis uses cocaine.She no longer feels quite the same rush as she did when she first started using. 
C)  Alexis is a former cocaine user in recovery.After a relapse,though,her hands shake and her heart pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car. 
D)  Alexis uses cocaine.She finds that she is slowly losing her sense of smell. 
A)  Alexis is a former cocaine user.Now that she no longer uses cocaine,her hands no longer shake and her heart no longer pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car. 
B)  Alexis uses cocaine.She no longer feels quite the same rush as she did when she first started using. 
C)  Alexis is a former cocaine user in recovery.After a relapse,though,her hands shake and her heart pounds when she hears a car pull into her drive,like her dealer used to do in his car. 
D)  Alexis uses cocaine.She finds that she is slowly losing her sense of smell.

An analytic learning style is most likely to be displayed by:

Classical conditioning is most successful when the neutral stimulus begins:

The root of operant conditioning may be traced to _____'s early studies of hungry cats learning to escape from cages.

Negative reinforcement:

The most influential psychologist to study operant conditioning was:

Briefly describe observational learning and Bandura's Bobo doll research.Discuss how this research altered conventional views of learning.What role might mirror neurons play in observational learning?

Psychologists use the term _____ to refer to a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience.

_ is associated with the Fearless-Peer experiment.The experiment demonstrates _.

What are the pros and cons of punishment?

Which of the following sequences CORRECTLY arranges the phases of the classical conditioning process,from first to last?

How have psychologists challenged Pavlov's traditional account of classical conditioning?

Which of the following approaches to treating a phobia is/are CORRECTLY matched with the type of learning it reflects?

_____ learning occurs without reinforcement.

Neal,an Asian-American student would most likely:

_ refers to a decrease in the response to a stimulus when it is presented repeatedly,whereas _ refers to the eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented.

A _____ is any stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will occur again.

In the latent learning study described in the text,the rats that were reinforced only during the latter portion of the experiment would be considered a(n)group.

Which of the following promotions exemplifies the use of a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement?

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies extinction?

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Exam 5: Learning

An analytic learning style is most likely to be displayed by:

Classical conditioning is most successful when the neutral stimulus begins:

The root of operant conditioning may be traced to _____'s early studies of hungry cats learning to escape from cages.

Negative reinforcement:

The most influential psychologist to study operant conditioning was:

Briefly describe observational learning and Bandura's Bobo doll research.Discuss how this research altered conventional views of learning.What role might mirror neurons play in observational learning?

Psychologists use the term _____ to refer to a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience.

_____ is associated with the Fearless-Peer experiment.The experiment demonstrates _____.

What are the pros and cons of punishment?

Which of the following sequences CORRECTLY arranges the phases of the classical conditioning process,from first to last?

How have psychologists challenged Pavlov's traditional account of classical conditioning?

Which of the following approaches to treating a phobia is/are CORRECTLY matched with the type of learning it reflects?

_____ learning occurs without reinforcement.

Neal,an Asian-American student would most likely:

_____ refers to a decrease in the response to a stimulus when it is presented repeatedly,whereas _____ refers to the eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented.

A _____ is any stimulus that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will occur again.

In the latent learning study described in the text,the rats that were reinforced only during the latter portion of the experiment would be considered a(n)group.

Which of the following promotions exemplifies the use of a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement?

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies extinction?

Introduction to Psychology

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development

Personality

Health Psychology: Stress, Coping, and Well-Being

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Social Psychology

Filters

_ is associated with the Fearless-Peer experiment.The experiment demonstrates _.

_ refers to a decrease in the response to a stimulus when it is presented repeatedly,whereas _ refers to the eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented.