Exam 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Many dendrites contain short outgrowths called spines that:

Chemicals are released by axons:

The sodium-potassium pump repeatedly transports ____ sodium ions out of the cell while drawing ____ potassium ions into it.

The net effect of each cycle of the sodium-potassium pump is to:

Some dendrites contain additional short outgrowths. What are these outgrowths called?

The presence of an all-or-none law suggests that neurons can only convey different messages by changing their:

Santiago Ramon y Cajal demonstrated that:

Why are local neurons more difficult to study?

If depolarization is less than the cell's threshold:

Local anesthetic drugs attach to the sodium channels of the membrane, which:

Dendrites and cell bodies are capable of producing action potentials.

Under which conditions would the sodium-potassium pump be far less effective in creating a concentration gradient?

List the parts of a neuron.

In a myelinated axon, where are sodium gates abundant?

How does saltatory conduction affect energy use in a neuron?

Where do the metabolic activities occur that provide energy for all of the other activities of the cell?

What is the main source of nutrition for vertebrate neurons?

What is the result if a stimulus shifts the potential inside a neuron from the resting potential to a potential slightly closer to zero?

The sodium-potassium pump repeatedly transports three ____ ions out of the cell while drawing two ____ ions into it.

A drug that decreases the flow of potassium through the potassium gates of the membrane would: