Question 1

Hyperpolarization is:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased polarization. 
B)  decreased polarization. 
C)  the threshold of the cell. 
D)  the resting potential of the cell. 
A)  increased polarization. 
B)  decreased polarization. 
C)  the threshold of the cell. 
D)  the resting potential of the cell.

Question 2

Astrocytes remove waste material created when neurons die and control the amount of blood flow to each brain area.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

An axon releases chemicals:

Accepted Answer

A)  into the presynaptic terminal. 
B)  into the junction between neurons. 
C)  through the efferent terminals. 
D)  to the mitochondria. 
A)  into the presynaptic terminal. 
B)  into the junction between neurons. 
C)  through the efferent terminals. 
D)  to the mitochondria.

Question 4

Briefly describe how the brain transports essential chemicals.

Accepted Answer

The brain transports essential chemicals

Question 5

Molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier are usually:

Accepted Answer

A)  large, uncharged molecules, such as lactose. 
B)  large, charged molecules. 
C)  neurotransmitters, such as dopamine. 
D)  molecules that can dissolve in the fats of the capillary walls. 
A)  large, uncharged molecules, such as lactose. 
B)  large, charged molecules. 
C)  neurotransmitters, such as dopamine. 
D)  molecules that can dissolve in the fats of the capillary walls.

Question 6

Which type of glia remove waste material in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes 
B)  Schwann cells 
C)  oligodendrocytes 
D)  radial glia 
A)  astrocytes 
B)  Schwann cells 
C)  oligodendrocytes 
D)  radial glia

Question 7

The sodium gates in the axon are usually closed. Which of the following opens them?

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization of the membrane 
B)  increased concentration of socium outside the cell 
C)  increased concentration of sodium inside the cell 
D)  increased activity of the sodium-potassium pump 
A)  depolarization of the membrane 
B)  increased concentration of socium outside the cell 
C)  increased concentration of sodium inside the cell 
D)  increased activity of the sodium-potassium pump

Question 8

A neuron's sodium gates are firmly closed and the membrane cannot produce an action potential during:

Accepted Answer

A)  the absolute refractory period. 
B)  the relative refractory period. 
C)  depolarization. 
D)  saltatory conduction. 
A)  the absolute refractory period. 
B)  the relative refractory period. 
C)  depolarization. 
D)  saltatory conduction.

Question 9

The resting potential is mainly the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  negatively charged proteins inside the cell. 
B)  positively charged proteins inside the cell. 
C)  negatively charged proteins outside the cell. 
D)  positively charged proteins outside the cell. 
A)  negatively charged proteins inside the cell. 
B)  positively charged proteins inside the cell. 
C)  negatively charged proteins outside the cell. 
D)  positively charged proteins outside the cell.

Question 10

A membrane produces an action potential whenever the potential across it reaches what level?

Accepted Answer

A)  the resting potential 
B)  -90 mV 
C)  the threshold of excitation 
D)  the refractory period 
A)  the resting potential 
B)  -90 mV 
C)  the threshold of excitation 
D)  the refractory period

Question 11

In the brain, an arrangement of endothelial cells:

Accepted Answer

A)  has gaps large enough to allow the passage of molecules. 
B)  synthesizes neurotransmitters. 
C)  does not allow most molecules to pass because the cells are so tightly packed. 
D)  has gaps that are filled with enzymes that attack most blood chemicals. 
A)  has gaps large enough to allow the passage of molecules. 
B)  synthesizes neurotransmitters. 
C)  does not allow most molecules to pass because the cells are so tightly packed. 
D)  has gaps that are filled with enzymes that attack most blood chemicals.

Question 12

When a membrane is at rest, what attracts sodium ions to the inside of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  an electrical gradient 
B)  a concentration gradient 
C)  both an electrical gradient and a concentration gradient 
D)  neither an electrical gradient nor a concentration gradient 
A)  an electrical gradient 
B)  a concentration gradient 
C)  both an electrical gradient and a concentration gradient 
D)  neither an electrical gradient nor a concentration gradient

Question 13

There are more glial cells than neurons in the human brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What structure is composed of two layers of fat molecules that are free to flow around one another?

Accepted Answer

A)  the endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  a ribosome 
C)  a mitochondrion 
D)  the membrane 
A)  the endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  a ribosome 
C)  a mitochondrion 
D)  the membrane

Question 15

Incoming synapses are primarily found on:

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites only. 
B)  cell bodies only. 
C)  axons only. 
D)  dendrites and cell bodies. 
A)  dendrites only. 
B)  cell bodies only. 
C)  axons only. 
D)  dendrites and cell bodies.

Question 16

What would happen to the resting potential if a neuron's membrane was always completely permeable to charged ions?

Accepted Answer

The freedom of movement would

Question 17

Oligodendrocytes in the periphery are specialized types of glia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Multiple sclerosis is one of several:

Accepted Answer

A)  blood-brain disorders 
B)  neuron diseases 
C)  demyelinating diseases 
D)  movement disorders 
A)  blood-brain disorders 
B)  neuron diseases 
C)  demyelinating diseases 
D)  movement disorders

Question 19

One of the most distinctive features of neurons compared to other types of cells is their:

Accepted Answer

A)  shape. 
B)  number of mitochondria. 
C)  lack of a cell membrane. 
D)  size. 
A)  shape. 
B)  number of mitochondria. 
C)  lack of a cell membrane. 
D)  size.

Question 20

What would a neuron in the pons be called that receives information only from other cells in the pons and sends information only to other cells in the pons?

Accepted Answer

A)  afferent 
B)  efferent 
C)  intrinsic 
D)  inter-synaptic 
A)  afferent 
B)  efferent 
C)  intrinsic 
D)  inter-synaptic

Hyperpolarization is:

Astrocytes remove waste material created when neurons die and control the amount of blood flow to each brain area.

An axon releases chemicals:

Briefly describe how the brain transports essential chemicals.

Molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier are usually:

Which type of glia remove waste material in the nervous system?

The sodium gates in the axon are usually closed. Which of the following opens them?

A neuron's sodium gates are firmly closed and the membrane cannot produce an action potential during:

The resting potential is mainly the result of:

A membrane produces an action potential whenever the potential across it reaches what level?

In the brain, an arrangement of endothelial cells:

When a membrane is at rest, what attracts sodium ions to the inside of the cell?

There are more glial cells than neurons in the human brain.

What structure is composed of two layers of fat molecules that are free to flow around one another?

Incoming synapses are primarily found on:

What would happen to the resting potential if a neuron's membrane was always completely permeable to charged ions?

Oligodendrocytes in the periphery are specialized types of glia.

Multiple sclerosis is one of several:

One of the most distinctive features of neurons compared to other types of cells is their:

What would a neuron in the pons be called that receives information only from other cells in the pons and sends information only to other cells in the pons?

The Major Issues

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

Exam 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Hyperpolarization is:

Astrocytes remove waste material created when neurons die and control the amount of blood flow to each brain area.

An axon releases chemicals:

Briefly describe how the brain transports essential chemicals.

Molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier are usually:

Which type of glia remove waste material in the nervous system?

The sodium gates in the axon are usually closed. Which of the following opens them?

A neuron's sodium gates are firmly closed and the membrane cannot produce an action potential during:

The resting potential is mainly the result of:

A membrane produces an action potential whenever the potential across it reaches what level?

In the brain, an arrangement of endothelial cells:

When a membrane is at rest, what attracts sodium ions to the inside of the cell?

There are more glial cells than neurons in the human brain.

What structure is composed of two layers of fat molecules that are free to flow around one another?

Incoming synapses are primarily found on:

What would happen to the resting potential if a neuron's membrane was always completely permeable to charged ions?

Oligodendrocytes in the periphery are specialized types of glia.

Multiple sclerosis is one of several:

One of the most distinctive features of neurons compared to other types of cells is their:

What would a neuron in the pons be called that receives information only from other cells in the pons and sends information only to other cells in the pons?

The Major Issues

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters