Question 1

Why do neurons rely so heavily on glucose as their source of nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurons lack the enzymes necessary to metabolize other fuels. 
B)  Glucose is the only fuel that can be used even in the absence of vitamins. 
C)  Glucose is not used extensively by other parts of the body. 
D)  Other fuels do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier. 
A)  Neurons lack the enzymes necessary to metabolize other fuels. 
B)  Glucose is the only fuel that can be used even in the absence of vitamins. 
C)  Glucose is not used extensively by other parts of the body. 
D)  Other fuels do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier.

Question 2

The two kinds of cells in the nervous system are:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurons and glia 
B)  dendrites and axons 
C)  ribosomes and lysosomes 
D)  neurons and axons 
A)  neurons and glia 
B)  dendrites and axons 
C)  ribosomes and lysosomes 
D)  neurons and axons

Question 3

The surface of a dendrite is lined with specialized junctions through which the dendrite receives information from other neurons. What are these junctions called?

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic receptors 
B)  axons 
C)  synaptic hillocks 
D)  glia 
A)  synaptic receptors 
B)  axons 
C)  synaptic hillocks 
D)  glia

Question 4

Which of the following describes selective permeability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ions can only travel in certain directions across the membrane. 
B)  Only certain molecules are allowed to cross the membrane freely. 
C)  Only certain types of stimulation will result in an action potential. 
D)  All molecules must pass through designated channels. 
A)  Ions can only travel in certain directions across the membrane. 
B)  Only certain molecules are allowed to cross the membrane freely. 
C)  Only certain types of stimulation will result in an action potential. 
D)  All molecules must pass through designated channels.

Question 5

Which feature of a neuron limits the number of action potentials it can produce per second?

Accepted Answer

A)  the threshold 
B)  the refractory period 
C)  saltatory conduction 
D)  the length of the axon 
A)  the threshold 
B)  the refractory period 
C)  saltatory conduction 
D)  the length of the axon

Question 6

Neurons differ most strongly from other body cells in their:

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature. 
B)  shape. 
C)  osmotic pressure. 
D)  mitochondria. 
A)  temperature. 
B)  shape. 
C)  osmotic pressure. 
D)  mitochondria.

Question 7

Additional stimulation beyond the threshold of excitation will result in a greater depolarization of the membrane during an action potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following molecules would be able to passively cross the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  small, uncharged molecules 
B)  large, charged molecules 
C)  glucose 
D)  amino acids 
A)  small, uncharged molecules 
B)  large, charged molecules 
C)  glucose 
D)  amino acids

Question 9

Glial cells:

Accepted Answer

A)  are less numerous than neurons in the human brain. 
B)  transmit information over long distances within the central nervous system. 
C)  occupy about ten times more space in the brain than do neurons. 
D)  occupy about the same total space as do neurons. 
A)  are less numerous than neurons in the human brain. 
B)  transmit information over long distances within the central nervous system. 
C)  occupy about ten times more space in the brain than do neurons. 
D)  occupy about the same total space as do neurons.

Question 10

Local anesthetic drugs, such as Novocain, work by:

Accepted Answer

A)  opening the potassium gates. 
B)  blocking the sodium gates. 
C)  inactivating the sodium-potassium pump. 
D)  decreasing blood flow to certain areas of the brain. 
A)  opening the potassium gates. 
B)  blocking the sodium gates. 
C)  inactivating the sodium-potassium pump. 
D)  decreasing blood flow to certain areas of the brain.

Question 11

The ____ of neurons most strongly differentiate them from other cells in the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature. 
B)  shape. 
C)  osmotic pressure. 
D)  mitochondria. 
A)  temperature. 
B)  shape. 
C)  osmotic pressure. 
D)  mitochondria.

Question 12

Stimulus A depolarizes a neuron just barely above the threshold. Stimulus B depolarizes a neuron to 10 mV beyond threshold. What can we expect to happen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulus B will produce an action potential that is conducted at a faster speed than A. 
B)  Stimulus B will produce an action potential of greater magnitude than stimulus A. 
C)  Stimulus B will produce an action potential but stimulus A will not. 
D)  Stimulus A and stimulus B will produce the same response in the neurons. 
A)  Stimulus B will produce an action potential that is conducted at a faster speed than A. 
B)  Stimulus B will produce an action potential of greater magnitude than stimulus A. 
C)  Stimulus B will produce an action potential but stimulus A will not. 
D)  Stimulus A and stimulus B will produce the same response in the neurons.

Question 13

Which function is NOT performed by glia?

Accepted Answer

A)  removing waste materials 
B)  building myelin sheaths 
C)  transmitting information 
D)  guiding the growth of axons and dendrites 
A)  removing waste materials 
B)  building myelin sheaths 
C)  transmitting information 
D)  guiding the growth of axons and dendrites

Question 14

What are the nodes of Ranvier?

Accepted Answer

A)  gates in the membrane that admit all ions freely 
B)  gaps in the myelin sheath 
C)  branching points in an axon 
D)  places where dendrites join the cell body 
A)  gates in the membrane that admit all ions freely 
B)  gaps in the myelin sheath 
C)  branching points in an axon 
D)  places where dendrites join the cell body

Question 15

Gaps in the insulating material that surrounds axons are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  interpeduncular nuclei. 
B)  nodes of Ranvier. 
C)  myelin synapses. 
D)  presynaptic terminals. 
A)  interpeduncular nuclei. 
B)  nodes of Ranvier. 
C)  myelin synapses. 
D)  presynaptic terminals.

Question 16

Which chemicals flow most freely across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins, fats, and carbohydrates 
B)  positively charged ions 
C)  water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide 
D)  calcium and magnesium 
A)  proteins, fats, and carbohydrates 
B)  positively charged ions 
C)  water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide 
D)  calcium and magnesium

Question 17

When the neuronal membrane is at rest, the potassium channels:

Accepted Answer

A)  permit potassium ions to pass quickly and easily. 
B)  permit potassium ions to pass slowly. 
C)  prohibit any movement of potassium ions. 
D)  help to open up the sodium channels. 
A)  permit potassium ions to pass quickly and easily. 
B)  permit potassium ions to pass slowly. 
C)  prohibit any movement of potassium ions. 
D)  help to open up the sodium channels.

Question 18

What are two requirements for the brain to metabolize glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  thiamine and oxygen 
B)  vitamin C and nitrogen 
C)  niacin and bicarbonate 
D)  riboflavin and iron 
A)  thiamine and oxygen 
B)  vitamin C and nitrogen 
C)  niacin and bicarbonate 
D)  riboflavin and iron

Question 19

Dendrites ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  contain the nucleus, ribosomes, and other structures found in most cells 
B)  are branching fibers that get narrower near their ends 
C)  is a thin fiber of constant diameter 
D)  are an insulating material that cover an axon 
A)  contain the nucleus, ribosomes, and other structures found in most cells 
B)  are branching fibers that get narrower near their ends 
C)  is a thin fiber of constant diameter 
D)  are an insulating material that cover an axon

Question 20

The cell membrane is composed of two layers of:

Accepted Answer

A)  protein. 
B)  fat. 
C)  carbohydrate. 
D)  plasma. 
A)  protein. 
B)  fat. 
C)  carbohydrate. 
D)  plasma.

Why do neurons rely so heavily on glucose as their source of nutrition?

The two kinds of cells in the nervous system are:

The surface of a dendrite is lined with specialized junctions through which the dendrite receives information from other neurons. What are these junctions called?

Which of the following describes selective permeability?

Which feature of a neuron limits the number of action potentials it can produce per second?

Neurons differ most strongly from other body cells in their:

Additional stimulation beyond the threshold of excitation will result in a greater depolarization of the membrane during an action potential.

Which of the following molecules would be able to passively cross the blood-brain barrier?

Glial cells:

Local anesthetic drugs, such as Novocain, work by:

The ____ of neurons most strongly differentiate them from other cells in the body.

Stimulus A depolarizes a neuron just barely above the threshold. Stimulus B depolarizes a neuron to 10 mV beyond threshold. What can we expect to happen?

Which function is NOT performed by glia?

What are the nodes of Ranvier?

Gaps in the insulating material that surrounds axons are known as:

Which chemicals flow most freely across a cell membrane?

When the neuronal membrane is at rest, the potassium channels:

What are two requirements for the brain to metabolize glucose?

Dendrites ____.

The cell membrane is composed of two layers of:

The Major Issues

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

Exam 2: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Why do neurons rely so heavily on glucose as their source of nutrition?

The two kinds of cells in the nervous system are:

The surface of a dendrite is lined with specialized junctions through which the dendrite receives information from other neurons. What are these junctions called?

Which of the following describes selective permeability?

Which feature of a neuron limits the number of action potentials it can produce per second?

Neurons differ most strongly from other body cells in their:

Additional stimulation beyond the threshold of excitation will result in a greater depolarization of the membrane during an action potential.

Which of the following molecules would be able to passively cross the blood-brain barrier?

Glial cells:

Local anesthetic drugs, such as Novocain, work by:

The ____ of neurons most strongly differentiate them from other cells in the body.

Stimulus A depolarizes a neuron just barely above the threshold. Stimulus B depolarizes a neuron to 10 mV beyond threshold. What can we expect to happen?

Which function is NOT performed by glia?

What are the nodes of Ranvier?

Gaps in the insulating material that surrounds axons are known as:

Which chemicals flow most freely across a cell membrane?

When the neuronal membrane is at rest, the potassium channels:

What are two requirements for the brain to metabolize glucose?

Dendrites ____.

The cell membrane is composed of two layers of:

The Major Issues

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters