Question 1

The principle of flow cytometry is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen-antibody reactions. 
B)  the formation of immune complexes. 
C)  the reaction of dyes with the cellular component of interest. 
D)  the reaction of dyes with immune complexes. 
A)  antigen-antibody reactions. 
B)  the formation of immune complexes. 
C)  the reaction of dyes with the cellular component of interest. 
D)  the reaction of dyes with immune complexes. C

Question 2

A fluorochrome is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  dye. 
B)  immunologic reagent. 
C)  nonspecific indicator. 
D)  both a and b 
A)  dye. 
B)  immunologic reagent. 
C)  nonspecific indicator. 
D)  both a and b D

Question 3

In nephelometry measurement,a __________________method is used.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable-time 
B)  fixed-time 
C)  fluorescent-tagging 
D)  competitive immunoassay 
A)  variable-time 
B)  fixed-time 
C)  fluorescent-tagging 
D)  competitive immunoassay B

Question 4

The major application(s)of flow cell technology is (are):

Accepted Answer

A)  identification of cells. 
B)  cell sorting before further analysis. 
C)  diagnosis of autoimmune disease. 
D)  both a and b 
A)  identification of cells. 
B)  cell sorting before further analysis. 
C)  diagnosis of autoimmune disease. 
D)  both a and b

Question 5

Microbial contamination can produce erroneous results in nephelometry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Immunophenotyping includes the detection or identification of:

Accepted Answer

A)  CD34+ stem cells. 
B)  minimal residual disease in patients with leukemia. 
C)  T and B lymphocytes. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  CD34+ stem cells. 
B)  minimal residual disease in patients with leukemia. 
C)  T and B lymphocytes. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 7

In nephelometry measurement,if antigen overwhelms the quantity of antibody,the measured signal:

Accepted Answer

A)  increases. 
B)  decreases. 
C)  remains the same. 
D)  fluctuates between high and low. 
A)  increases. 
B)  decreases. 
C)  remains the same. 
D)  fluctuates between high and low.

Question 8

Cryoglobulins are proteins that precipitate or gel when cooled to:

Accepted Answer

A)  -18° C. 
B)  0° C. 
C)  4° C. 
D)  18° C. 
A)  -18° C. 
B)  0° C. 
C)  4° C. 
D)  18° C.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding measurements of turbidity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Light is scattered at a determined angle. 
B)  It is unaffected by large particles precipitating out of a solution. 
C)  The reference value is recorded in units of relative light scatter. 
D)  It represents the scattered light in forward direction. 
A)  Light is scattered at a determined angle. 
B)  It is unaffected by large particles precipitating out of a solution. 
C)  The reference value is recorded in units of relative light scatter. 
D)  It represents the scattered light in forward direction.

Question 10

The most common type of laser light used in laboratory instrumentation is neon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Nephelometry is less expensive initially than other forms of testing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Laser is an acronym for:

Accepted Answer

A)  light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. 
B)  light augmentation by stimulated emitted radiation. 
C)  light amplified by stimulated energy radiation. 
D)  large angle stimulation by emitted radiation. 
A)  light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. 
B)  light augmentation by stimulated emitted radiation. 
C)  light amplified by stimulated energy radiation. 
D)  large angle stimulation by emitted radiation.

Question 13

Monoclonal antibodies can produce spurious results in nephelometry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

MATCHING
Match the activity with the appropriate phase of testing related to laboratory automation.

-Quality control

Accepted Answer

A) Preanalytical 
B) Analytical 
C) Postanalytical 
A) Preanalytical 
B) Analytical 
C) Postanalytical

Question 15

Nephelometry can be used to assay all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  IgM. 
B)  IgG. 
C)  IgD. 
D)  IgA. 
A)  IgM. 
B)  IgG. 
C)  IgD. 
D)  IgA.

Question 16

Lasers sort the energy in atoms and molecules,concentrate it,and release it in powerful waves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Latex particles act as ______________________ in nephelometry.

Accepted Answer

A)  antigen-coated reaction intensifiers 
B)  antigen-coated reaction stabilizers of precipitate 
C)  sensitivity enhancers 
D)  color reaction intensifiers 
A)  antigen-coated reaction intensifiers 
B)  antigen-coated reaction stabilizers of precipitate 
C)  sensitivity enhancers 
D)  color reaction intensifiers

Question 18

Monoclonal cryoglobulins are most often:

Accepted Answer

A)  IgM. 
B)  IgG. 
C)  IgA. 
D)  either a or b 
A)  IgM. 
B)  IgG. 
C)  IgA. 
D)  either a or b

Question 19

Laser light is concentrated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The most frequently used fluorochrome(s)is (are):

Accepted Answer

A)  fluorescein isothiocyanate (FIT
C) . 
B)  phycoerythrin (P
E) . 
C)  peridinin chlorophyll protein (PerCP). 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  fluorescein isothiocyanate (FIT
C) . 
B)  phycoerythrin (P
E) . 
C)  peridinin chlorophyll protein (PerCP). 
D)  all of the above.

Exam 13: Automated Procedures

The principle of flow cytometry is based on:

A fluorochrome is a(n):

In nephelometry measurement,a __________________method is used.

The major application(s)of flow cell technology is (are):

Microbial contamination can produce erroneous results in nephelometry.

Immunophenotyping includes the detection or identification of:

In nephelometry measurement,if antigen overwhelms the quantity of antibody,the measured signal:

Cryoglobulins are proteins that precipitate or gel when cooled to:

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding measurements of turbidity?

The most common type of laser light used in laboratory instrumentation is neon.

Nephelometry is less expensive initially than other forms of testing.

Laser is an acronym for:

Monoclonal antibodies can produce spurious results in nephelometry.

MATCHING Match the activity with the appropriate phase of testing related to laboratory automation. -Quality control

Nephelometry can be used to assay all the following except:

Lasers sort the energy in atoms and molecules,concentrate it,and release it in powerful waves.

Latex particles act as ______________________ in nephelometry.

Monoclonal cryoglobulins are most often:

Laser light is concentrated.

The most frequently used fluorochrome(s)is (are):

An Overview of Immunology

Antigens and Antibodies

Cells and Cellular Activities of the Immune System: Granulocytes and Mononuclear Cells

Cells and Cellular Activities of the Immune System: Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells

Soluble Mediators of the Immune System

Safety in the Immunology-Serology Laboratory

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

Basic Serologic Laboratory Techniques

Point-Of-Care Testing

Agglutination Methods

Electrophoresis Techniques

Labeling Techniques in Immunoassay

Molecular Techniques

The Immune Response in Infectious Diseases

A Primer on Vaccines

Streptococcal Infections

Syphilis

Vector-Borne Diseases

Toxoplasmosis

Cytomegalovirus

Infectious Mononucleosis

Viral Hepatitis

Rubella and Rubeola Infections

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Hypersensitivity Reactions

Immunoproliferative Disorders

Autoimmune Disorders

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Solid Organ Transplantation

Bone Marrow Transplantation

Tumor Immunology

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