Question 1

Which condition is caused by vomiting stomach contents?

Accepted Answer

A) Hyperkalemia 
B) Hypernatremia and blood volume expansion 
C) Hypocalcemic tetany 
D) Alkalosis 
A) Hyperkalemia 
B) Hypernatremia and blood volume expansion 
C) Hypocalcemic tetany 
D) Alkalosis

Question 2

A patient is ventilating at a rate of 8 to 10 respirations/min,having been heavily medicated for pain.Which of the following is true? The patient is (may)

Accepted Answer

A) develop a respiratory acidosis. 
B) experiencing Kussmaul respirations. 
C) experiencing diuresis. 
D) likely to develop a metabolic alkalosis. 
A) develop a respiratory acidosis. 
B) experiencing Kussmaul respirations. 
C) experiencing diuresis. 
D) likely to develop a metabolic alkalosis.

Question 3

A drug that blocks the renal reabsorption of sodium

Accepted Answer

A) decreases the renal excretion of Na+. 
B) increases the amount of urine. 
C) decreases the excretion of bicarbonate. 
D) always increases the reabsorption of K+. 
A) decreases the renal excretion of Na+. 
B) increases the amount of urine. 
C) decreases the excretion of bicarbonate. 
D) always increases the reabsorption of K+.

Question 4

Which of the following is true about interstitial fluid,plasma,lymph,and transcellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) Contain no electrolytes 
B) Protein-free fluids 
C) Classified as extracellular 
D) pH less than 6 (highly acidic) 
A) Contain no electrolytes 
B) Protein-free fluids 
C) Classified as extracellular 
D) pH less than 6 (highly acidic)

Question 5

Which of the following is true about these percentages: 60% and 28%? They represent the amount of

Accepted Answer

A) water eliminated as urine and through the skin and lungs. 
B) Na+ and K+ reabsorbed by the kidneys in response to aldosterone. 
C) water ingested through moist food and metabolism. 
D) Na+ and K+ reabsorbed in response to ADH secretion. 
A) water eliminated as urine and through the skin and lungs. 
B) Na+ and K+ reabsorbed by the kidneys in response to aldosterone. 
C) water ingested through moist food and metabolism. 
D) Na+ and K+ reabsorbed in response to ADH secretion.

Question 6

Which ion determines the resting membrane potential of nerve and muscle?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium 
B) Calcium 
C) Hydrogen 
D) Potassium 
A) Sodium 
B) Calcium 
C) Hydrogen 
D) Potassium

Question 7

Water and chloride usually follow the movement of which cation?

Accepted Answer

A) Bicarbonate 
B) Sodium 
C) Potassium 
D) Albumin 
A) Bicarbonate 
B) Sodium 
C) Potassium 
D) Albumin

Question 8

Which of the following is descriptive of normal saline?

Accepted Answer

A) Distilled water 
B) 0.9% sodium chloride 
C) Highly acidic 
D) Contains albumin 
A) Distilled water 
B) 0.9% sodium chloride 
C) Highly acidic 
D) Contains albumin

Question 9

A patient with pulmonary edema is receiving furosemide (Lasix),a kaliuretic diuretic.He has lost 6.6 lb over a 48-hr period.Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) He is probably hyperkalemic secondary to the diuretic therapy. 
B) He has lost 12 L of water. 
C) His skin is "tenting." 
D) He has lost 3 L of water. 
A) He is probably hyperkalemic secondary to the diuretic therapy. 
B) He has lost 12 L of water. 
C) His skin is "tenting." 
D) He has lost 3 L of water.

Question 10

A change of pH from 7.40 to 7.25

Accepted Answer

A) is indicative of expanded blood volume. 
B) is indicative of alkalosis. 
C) reflects an increase in the amount of H+ in the blood. 
D) is within normal limits. 
A) is indicative of expanded blood volume. 
B) is indicative of alkalosis. 
C) reflects an increase in the amount of H+ in the blood. 
D) is within normal limits.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a function of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxygenation of blood 
B) Excretion of carbon dioxide 
C) Secretion of aldosterone and the regulation of Na+ 
D) Regulation of blood pH 
A) Oxygenation of blood 
B) Excretion of carbon dioxide 
C) Secretion of aldosterone and the regulation of Na+ 
D) Regulation of blood pH

Question 12

Which of the following is most apt to cause a hypocalcemic tetany?

Accepted Answer

A) Hyperventilation 
B) Rapid and excess fat catabolism 
C) Metabolic acidosis 
D) pH < 7.35 
A) Hyperventilation 
B) Rapid and excess fat catabolism 
C) Metabolic acidosis 
D) pH < 7.35

Question 13

Which of the following is characteristic of acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A) pH of 7.55 
B) A decrease in the concentration of hydrogen ion in the blood 
C) Urinary excretion of bicarbonate 
D) pH less than 7.35 
A) pH of 7.55 
B) A decrease in the concentration of hydrogen ion in the blood 
C) Urinary excretion of bicarbonate 
D) pH less than 7.35

Question 14

A drug that decreases the synthesis of aldosterone

Accepted Answer

A) decreases blood pressure. 
B) causes hypernatremia. 
C) causes hypokalemia. 
D) does all of the above. 
A) decreases blood pressure. 
B) causes hypernatremia. 
C) causes hypokalemia. 
D) does all of the above.

Question 15

Excessive secretion of ADH,as occurs with head injury,is most likely to cause

Accepted Answer

A) tenting. 
B) blood volume expansion. 
C) diuresis. 
D) hypernatremia. 
A) tenting. 
B) blood volume expansion. 
C) diuresis. 
D) hypernatremia.

Question 16

Under which condition will the renal reabsorption of bicarbonate increase?

Accepted Answer

A) As a compensatory mechanism for respiratory acidosis 
B) Whenever blood pH exceeds 7.45 
C) As a compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis 
D) Whenever a person hyperventilates 
A) As a compensatory mechanism for respiratory acidosis 
B) Whenever blood pH exceeds 7.45 
C) As a compensatory mechanism for metabolic alkalosis 
D) Whenever a person hyperventilates

Exam 25: Water, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

Which condition is caused by vomiting stomach contents?

A patient is ventilating at a rate of 8 to 10 respirations/min,having been heavily medicated for pain.Which of the following is true? The patient is (may)

A drug that blocks the renal reabsorption of sodium

Which of the following is true about interstitial fluid,plasma,lymph,and transcellular fluid?

Which of the following is true about these percentages: 60% and 28%? They represent the amount of

Which ion determines the resting membrane potential of nerve and muscle?

Water and chloride usually follow the movement of which cation?

Which of the following is descriptive of normal saline?

A patient with pulmonary edema is receiving furosemide (Lasix),a kaliuretic diuretic.He has lost 6.6 lb over a 48-hr period.Which of the following statements is true?

A change of pH from 7.40 to 7.25

Which of the following is not a function of the lungs?

Which of the following is most apt to cause a hypocalcemic tetany?

Which of the following is characteristic of acidosis?

A drug that decreases the synthesis of aldosterone

Excessive secretion of ADH,as occurs with head injury,is most likely to cause

Under which condition will the renal reabsorption of bicarbonate increase?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels and Special Circulations

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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