Question 1

What is the most critical need for the child with newly diagnosed cretinism?

Accepted Answer

A) Thyroidectomy 
B) Administration of a radioactive cocktail of 131I (radioactive iodine) 
C) Replacement dose of thyroid hormones 
D) Replacement dose of calcitonin 
A) Thyroidectomy 
B) Administration of a radioactive cocktail of 131I (radioactive iodine) 
C) Replacement dose of thyroid hormones 
D) Replacement dose of calcitonin C

Question 2

Growth hormone

Accepted Answer

A) is secreted by the adenohypophysis. 
B) stimulates growth of the musculoskeletal system. 
C) is also called somatotropic hormone. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) is secreted by the adenohypophysis. 
B) stimulates growth of the musculoskeletal system. 
C) is also called somatotropic hormone. 
D) All of the above are true. D

Question 3

Lactogenic hormone

Accepted Answer

A) is also called oxytocin. 
B) is a gonadotropin. 
C) stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk. 
D) exerts its greatest effect on the gonads. 
A) is also called oxytocin. 
B) is a gonadotropin. 
C) stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk. 
D) exerts its greatest effect on the gonads. C

Question 4

Which of the following is most responsive to treatment with thyroxine?

Accepted Answer

A) Diabetes mellitus 
B) Hyperglycemia 
C) Myxedema 
D) Graves' disease 
A) Diabetes mellitus 
B) Hyperglycemia 
C) Myxedema 
D) Graves' disease

Question 5

Virilization is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) excess facial hair. 
B) buffalo hump. 
C) truncal obesity. 
D) gonadal atrophy. 
A) excess facial hair. 
B) buffalo hump. 
C) truncal obesity. 
D) gonadal atrophy.

Question 6

Which of the following is not controlled by a hypothalamic-releasing hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) ACTH 
B) ADH 
C) Growth hormone 
D) Prolactin 
A) ACTH 
B) ADH 
C) Growth hormone 
D) Prolactin

Question 7

The adrenal medulla

Accepted Answer

A) is controlled primarily by ACTH. 
B) secretes steroids. 
C) is associated with the fight-or-flight response. 
D) secretes iodine-containing hormones. 
A) is controlled primarily by ACTH. 
B) secretes steroids. 
C) is associated with the fight-or-flight response. 
D) secretes iodine-containing hormones.

Question 8

Bronzing

Accepted Answer

A) always accompanies hyperglycemia. 
B) is the most prominent symptom of Cushing syndrome. 
C) is characteristic of chronic adrenal cortical insufficiency (Addison's disease). 
D) is a consequence of ADH insufficiency. 
A) always accompanies hyperglycemia. 
B) is the most prominent symptom of Cushing syndrome. 
C) is characteristic of chronic adrenal cortical insufficiency (Addison's disease). 
D) is a consequence of ADH insufficiency.

Question 9

Myxedema,Graves' disease,and cretinism are

Accepted Answer

A) hypothyroid disorders. 
B) due to a deficiency of TSH. 
C) disorders of the thyroid gland. 
D) best treated with T₃ and/or T₄. 
A) hypothyroid disorders. 
B) due to a deficiency of TSH. 
C) disorders of the thyroid gland. 
D) best treated with T₃ and/or T₄.

Question 10

"Sugar,salt,and sex" is descriptive of

Accepted Answer

A) ACTH,TSH,and somatotropic hormone. 
B) cortisol,aldosterone,and testosterone. 
C) epinephrine,norepinephrine,and estrogen. 
D) insulin,glucagon,and cortisol. 
A) ACTH,TSH,and somatotropic hormone. 
B) cortisol,aldosterone,and testosterone. 
C) epinephrine,norepinephrine,and estrogen. 
D) insulin,glucagon,and cortisol.

Question 11

Iodine,colloid,and goiter refer to which gland?

Accepted Answer

A) Pancreas 
B) Parathyroid 
C) Thyroid 
D) Neurohypophysis 
A) Pancreas 
B) Parathyroid 
C) Thyroid 
D) Neurohypophysis

Question 12

The islets of Langerhans

Accepted Answer

A) are cells found in the adenohypophysis. 
B) secrete insulin and glucagon. 
C) secrete steroids. 
D) secrete releasing hormones. 
A) are cells found in the adenohypophysis. 
B) secrete insulin and glucagon. 
C) secrete steroids. 
D) secrete releasing hormones.

Question 13

Iodine is

Accepted Answer

A) used by the adenohypophysis to synthesize TSH. 
B) necessary for the synthesis of calcitonin by the thyroid gland. 
C) necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. 
D) necessary for the synthesis of both PTH and calcitonin. 
A) used by the adenohypophysis to synthesize TSH. 
B) necessary for the synthesis of calcitonin by the thyroid gland. 
C) necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. 
D) necessary for the synthesis of both PTH and calcitonin.

Question 14

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin?

Accepted Answer

A) Low plasma levels of calcium 
B) High plasma levels of potassium 
C) High plasma levels of glucose 
D) Low blood volume 
A) Low plasma levels of calcium 
B) High plasma levels of potassium 
C) High plasma levels of glucose 
D) Low blood volume

Question 15

This cone-shaped gland is located in the head and is called the "biological clock."

Accepted Answer

A) Posterior pituitary 
B) Hypothalamus 
C) Pineal 
D) Thymus 
A) Posterior pituitary 
B) Hypothalamus 
C) Pineal 
D) Thymus

Question 16

Iodine-containing hormones

Accepted Answer

A) include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 
B) are secreted by the hypothalamus as releasing hormones. 
C) are steroids. 
D) regulate the metabolic rate. 
A) include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 
B) are secreted by the hypothalamus as releasing hormones. 
C) are steroids. 
D) regulate the metabolic rate.

Question 17

The secretion of cortisol by the adrenal gland suppresses further secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary gland.What is this interaction called?

Accepted Answer

A) Cerebral lateralization 
B) Circadian rhythm 
C) Cellular differentiation 
D) Negative feedback control 
A) Cerebral lateralization 
B) Circadian rhythm 
C) Cellular differentiation 
D) Negative feedback control

Question 18

Hypocalcemic tetany

Accepted Answer

A) is a consequence of a deficiency of calcitonin. 
B) is caused by a lack of TSH. 
C) is caused by osteoclastic activity. 
D) develops in response to a deficiency of parathyroid activity. 
A) is a consequence of a deficiency of calcitonin. 
B) is caused by a lack of TSH. 
C) is caused by osteoclastic activity. 
D) develops in response to a deficiency of parathyroid activity.

Question 19

Cushing syndrome

Accepted Answer

A) may be caused by steroid (prednisone) therapy. 
B) is caused by adrenal insufficiency. 
C) is characterized by hypoglycemia and low blood volume. 
D) is treated with growth hormone. 
A) may be caused by steroid (prednisone) therapy. 
B) is caused by adrenal insufficiency. 
C) is characterized by hypoglycemia and low blood volume. 
D) is treated with growth hormone.

Question 20

The adrenal cortex

Accepted Answer

A) is the target gland of ACTH. 
B) secretes catecholamines. 
C) is an extension of the sympathetic nervous system. 
D) secretes ADH and oxytocin. 
A) is the target gland of ACTH. 
B) secretes catecholamines. 
C) is an extension of the sympathetic nervous system. 
D) secretes ADH and oxytocin.

Exam 14: Endocrine System

What is the most critical need for the child with newly diagnosed cretinism?

Growth hormone

Lactogenic hormone

Which of the following is most responsive to treatment with thyroxine?

Virilization is characterized by

Which of the following is not controlled by a hypothalamic-releasing hormone?

The adrenal medulla

Bronzing

Myxedema,Graves' disease,and cretinism are

"Sugar,salt,and sex" is descriptive of

Iodine,colloid,and goiter refer to which gland?

The islets of Langerhans

Iodine is

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin?

This cone-shaped gland is located in the head and is called the "biological clock."

Iodine-containing hormones

The secretion of cortisol by the adrenal gland suppresses further secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary gland.What is this interaction called?

Hypocalcemic tetany

Cushing syndrome

The adrenal cortex

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels and Special Circulations

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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