Question 1

The neurohypophysis

Accepted Answer

A) is the anterior pituitary gland. 
B) secretes ACTH,TSH,and the gonadotropins. 
C) secretes the releasing hormones. 
D) is the posterior pituitary gland. 
A) is the anterior pituitary gland. 
B) secretes ACTH,TSH,and the gonadotropins. 
C) secretes the releasing hormones. 
D) is the posterior pituitary gland.

Question 2

Which of the following is most descriptive of cAMP?

Accepted Answer

A) Second chemical messenger 
B) Catecholamine that contributes to the fight-or-flight response 
C) Steroid 
D) Releasing hormone 
A) Second chemical messenger 
B) Catecholamine that contributes to the fight-or-flight response 
C) Steroid 
D) Releasing hormone

Question 3

Steroids

Accepted Answer

A) are secreted by the adrenal medulla. 
B) include the glucocorticoids,mineralocorticoids,and androgens. 
C) stimulate the membranes of the target cells to produce the second chemical messenger,cAMP. 
D) are secreted by the pancreas. 
A) are secreted by the adrenal medulla. 
B) include the glucocorticoids,mineralocorticoids,and androgens. 
C) stimulate the membranes of the target cells to produce the second chemical messenger,cAMP. 
D) are secreted by the pancreas.

Question 4

What is the most likely effect of a deficiency of aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A) High blood pressure 
B) Low level of potassium in the blood 
C) Low blood volume and hypotension 
D) Goiter formation 
A) High blood pressure 
B) Low level of potassium in the blood 
C) Low blood volume and hypotension 
D) Goiter formation

Question 5

Cushing syndrome and Addison's disease are

Accepted Answer

A) forms of chronic adrenal cortical hypofunction. 
B) forms of chronic adrenal cortical hypersecretion. 
C) treated with replacement doses of cortisol (i.e. ,prednisone). 
D) disorders of the adrenal cortex. 
A) forms of chronic adrenal cortical hypofunction. 
B) forms of chronic adrenal cortical hypersecretion. 
C) treated with replacement doses of cortisol (i.e. ,prednisone). 
D) disorders of the adrenal cortex.

Question 6

Which of the following are concerned with "sugar,salt,and sex"?

Accepted Answer

A) Epinephrine,norepinephrine,and adrenaline 
B) Glucagon,insulin,and thymosin 
C) ICSH,FSH,and LH 
D) Glucocorticoid,mineralocorticoid,and androgen 
A) Epinephrine,norepinephrine,and adrenaline 
B) Glucagon,insulin,and thymosin 
C) ICSH,FSH,and LH 
D) Glucocorticoid,mineralocorticoid,and androgen

Question 7

Which of the following is not under the direct control of the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A) Adrenal cortical secretion of glucocorticoid 
B) Parathyroid secretion of PTH 
C) Thyroid gland secretion of T₃ and T₄ 
D) Ovarian secretion of estrogen and progesterone 
A) Adrenal cortical secretion of glucocorticoid 
B) Parathyroid secretion of PTH 
C) Thyroid gland secretion of T₃ and T₄ 
D) Ovarian secretion of estrogen and progesterone

Question 8

Glucagon

Accepted Answer

A) is secreted in response to a decrease in blood glucose. 
B) regulates sodium and water balance. 
C) is a steroid. 
D) is a glucocorticoid. 
A) is secreted in response to a decrease in blood glucose. 
B) regulates sodium and water balance. 
C) is a steroid. 
D) is a glucocorticoid.

Question 9

The secretion of this gland enhances a sympathetic response.

Accepted Answer

A) Adrenal medulla 
B) Pancreas 
C) Adrenal cortex 
D) Parathyroid 
A) Adrenal medulla 
B) Pancreas 
C) Adrenal cortex 
D) Parathyroid

Question 10

T₃,T₄,and calcitonin are

Accepted Answer

A) secreted by the thyroid gland. 
B) secreted by the parathyroid glands. 
C) secreted in response to declining plasma levels of calcium. 
D) steroids. 
A) secreted by the thyroid gland. 
B) secreted by the parathyroid glands. 
C) secreted in response to declining plasma levels of calcium. 
D) steroids.

Question 11

The "melting of flesh into urine," an old-timey name,is most descriptive of untreated

Accepted Answer

A) diabetes mellitus. 
B) Addison's disease. 
C) diabetes insipidus. 
D) Cushing syndrome. 
A) diabetes mellitus. 
B) Addison's disease. 
C) diabetes insipidus. 
D) Cushing syndrome.

Question 12

ACTH,TSH,and gonadotropins are

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamic-releasing hormones. 
B) secreted by the neurohypophysis. 
C) "aimed at" the adrenal cortex. 
D) tropic hormones. 
A) hypothalamic-releasing hormones. 
B) secreted by the neurohypophysis. 
C) "aimed at" the adrenal cortex. 
D) tropic hormones.

Question 13

Catecholamines

Accepted Answer

A) include cortisol,aldosterone,and testosterone. 
B) are secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C) lower plasma glucose levels. 
D) include epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine. 
A) include cortisol,aldosterone,and testosterone. 
B) are secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C) lower plasma glucose levels. 
D) include epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine.

Question 14

Abrupt,sudden withdrawal of prednisone (cortisol) is most likely to cause

Accepted Answer

A) Cushing syndrome. 
B) hypocalcemic tetany. 
C) diabetes insipidus. 
D) acute adrenal insufficiency. 
A) Cushing syndrome. 
B) hypocalcemic tetany. 
C) diabetes insipidus. 
D) acute adrenal insufficiency.

Question 15

A benign tumor of the adrenal medulla

Accepted Answer

A) causes life-threatening low blood pressure. 
B) is called a pheochromocytoma. 
C) causes Addison's disease. 
D) causes excess secretion of cortisol. 
A) causes life-threatening low blood pressure. 
B) is called a pheochromocytoma. 
C) causes Addison's disease. 
D) causes excess secretion of cortisol.

Question 16

Which of the following structures connects the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis?

Accepted Answer

A) Islets of Langerhans 
B) Portal capillaries 
C) Corpus callosum 
D) Medulla oblongata 
A) Islets of Langerhans 
B) Portal capillaries 
C) Corpus callosum 
D) Medulla oblongata

Question 17

The bones,kidneys,and intestine are target organs of this calcium-regulator hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) T₃ and T₄ 
B) PTH 
C) ACTH 
D) Oxytocin 
A) T₃ and T₄ 
B) PTH 
C) ACTH 
D) Oxytocin

Question 18

Which gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biological rhythms?

Accepted Answer

A) Pancreas 
B) Adenohypophysis 
C) Pineal gland 
D) Adrenal gland 
A) Pancreas 
B) Adenohypophysis 
C) Pineal gland 
D) Adrenal gland

Question 19

Excess insulin is most apt to cause

Accepted Answer

A) ketosis. 
B) hypoglycemia. 
C) hypertension. 
D) diuresis. 
A) ketosis. 
B) hypoglycemia. 
C) hypertension. 
D) diuresis.

Question 20

A deficiency of ADH most likely

Accepted Answer

A) elevates blood glucose levels. 
B) causes diabetes mellitus. 
C) induces polyuria. 
D) expands blood volume. 
A) elevates blood glucose levels. 
B) causes diabetes mellitus. 
C) induces polyuria. 
D) expands blood volume.

Exam 14: Endocrine System

The neurohypophysis

Which of the following is most descriptive of cAMP?

Steroids

What is the most likely effect of a deficiency of aldosterone?

Cushing syndrome and Addison's disease are

Which of the following are concerned with "sugar,salt,and sex"?

Which of the following is not under the direct control of the pituitary gland?

Glucagon

The secretion of this gland enhances a sympathetic response.

T₃,T₄,and calcitonin are

The "melting of flesh into urine," an old-timey name,is most descriptive of untreated

ACTH,TSH,and gonadotropins are

Catecholamines

Abrupt,sudden withdrawal of prednisone (cortisol) is most likely to cause

A benign tumor of the adrenal medulla

Which of the following structures connects the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis?

The bones,kidneys,and intestine are target organs of this calcium-regulator hormone.

Which gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biological rhythms?

Excess insulin is most apt to cause

A deficiency of ADH most likely

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels and Special Circulations

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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