Question 1

A deficiency of aldosterone causes a decrease in the tubular reabsorption of sodium and water,causing a significant decrease in blood volume and

Accepted Answer

A) azotemia and uremia. 
B) generalized edema. 
C) hypotension. 
D) anemia. 
A) azotemia and uremia. 
B) generalized edema. 
C) hypotension. 
D) anemia. C

Question 2

Which of the following is true of glomerular function?

Accepted Answer

A) It is unaffected by blood pressure. 
B) It is concerned with the filtration of 1.5 L/24 hr (of water). 
C) A decline in GFR (glomerular filtration rate) causes polyuria. 
D) An increase in GFR increases urine formation. 
A) It is unaffected by blood pressure. 
B) It is concerned with the filtration of 1.5 L/24 hr (of water). 
C) A decline in GFR (glomerular filtration rate) causes polyuria. 
D) An increase in GFR increases urine formation. D

Question 3

Which of the following is not true of ADH?

Accepted Answer

A) Secreted by the posterior pituitary gland 
B) Secreted in response to low blood volume and concentrated plasma (as in dehydration) 
C) Causes the renal excretion of sodium,potassium,and water 
D) Deficiency causes diabetes insipidus 
A) Secreted by the posterior pituitary gland 
B) Secreted in response to low blood volume and concentrated plasma (as in dehydration) 
C) Causes the renal excretion of sodium,potassium,and water 
D) Deficiency causes diabetes insipidus C

Question 4

Albuminuria is most indicative of

Accepted Answer

A) an enlarged pore size of the collecting duct membrane. 
B) urinary incontinence. 
C) increased pore size of the glomeruli 
D) a deficiency of ADH and/or aldosterone. 
A) an enlarged pore size of the collecting duct membrane. 
B) urinary incontinence. 
C) increased pore size of the glomeruli 
D) a deficiency of ADH and/or aldosterone.

Question 5

In the process of secretion,a substance moves from the peritubular capillaries into what structure?

Accepted Answer

A) Glomeruli 
B) Calyces 
C) Renal pelvis 
D) Renal tubules 
A) Glomeruli 
B) Calyces 
C) Renal pelvis 
D) Renal tubules

Question 6

Albuminuria and generalized edema (anasarca) are usually accompanied by

Accepted Answer

A) cystitis. 
B) hypoalbuminemia. 
C) glucosuria. 
D) pyuria. 
A) cystitis. 
B) hypoalbuminemia. 
C) glucosuria. 
D) pyuria.

Question 7

Glucosuria is most likely to cause

Accepted Answer

A) hyperglycemia. 
B) uremia and azotemia. 
C) polyuria and dehydration. 
D) hematuria and anemia. 
A) hyperglycemia. 
B) uremia and azotemia. 
C) polyuria and dehydration. 
D) hematuria and anemia.

Question 8

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) One kidney 
B) One ureter 
C) Two urinary bladders 
D) One urethra 
A) One kidney 
B) One ureter 
C) Two urinary bladders 
D) One urethra

Question 9

Which of the following terms refers to the voluntary expulsion of urine?

Accepted Answer

A) Polyuria 
B) Diuresis 
C) Micturition 
D) Dialysis 
A) Polyuria 
B) Diuresis 
C) Micturition 
D) Dialysis

Question 10

Which of the following urine-making processes occurs first?

Accepted Answer

A) Urine concentration by the collecting ducts 
B) Glomerular filtration 
C) Reabsorption of Na+ 
D) Secretion of K+ 
A) Urine concentration by the collecting ducts 
B) Glomerular filtration 
C) Reabsorption of Na+ 
D) Secretion of K+

Question 11

Which of the following is true of aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A) It is an androgen. 
B) It is the "salt-retaining" hormone. 
C) It causes the tubular reabsorption of sodium,potassium,and water. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) It is an androgen. 
B) It is the "salt-retaining" hormone. 
C) It causes the tubular reabsorption of sodium,potassium,and water. 
D) All of the above are true.

Question 12

A sudden decline in blood pressure to 80/45 mm Hg is most apt to

Accepted Answer

A) increase GFR. 
B) increase glomerular filtration. 
C) cause oliguria. 
D) cause hematuria. 
A) increase GFR. 
B) increase glomerular filtration. 
C) cause oliguria. 
D) cause hematuria.

Question 13

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) is located near the

Accepted Answer

A) collecting duct. 
B) afferent arteriole. 
C) ureter. 
D) renal pelvis. 
A) collecting duct. 
B) afferent arteriole. 
C) ureter. 
D) renal pelvis.

Question 14

The calyces receive urine from the

Accepted Answer

A) proximal convoluted tubule. 
B) collecting ducts. 
C) glomeruli. 
D) peritubular capillaries. 
A) proximal convoluted tubule. 
B) collecting ducts. 
C) glomeruli. 
D) peritubular capillaries.

Question 15

Bowman's capsule is part of the

Accepted Answer

A) nephron unit. 
B) renal pelvis. 
C) collecting duct. 
D) urinary bladder. 
A) nephron unit. 
B) renal pelvis. 
C) collecting duct. 
D) urinary bladder.

Question 16

The collecting duct

Accepted Answer

A) is primarily concerned with the concentration of urine. 
B) collects urine from the renal pelvis and pumps it into the ureters. 
C) collects urine from Bowman's capsule and pumps it into the peritubular capillaries. 
D) is primarily concerned with micturition. 
A) is primarily concerned with the concentration of urine. 
B) collects urine from the renal pelvis and pumps it into the ureters. 
C) collects urine from Bowman's capsule and pumps it into the peritubular capillaries. 
D) is primarily concerned with micturition.

Question 17

Renal failure causes anemia because of

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of erythropoietin. 
B) gross hematuria. 
C) uremia-induced hemolysis. 
D) uremia-induced hypokalemia. 
A) a lack of erythropoietin. 
B) gross hematuria. 
C) uremia-induced hemolysis. 
D) uremia-induced hypokalemia.

Question 18

What part of the nephron unit filters 180 L of water per day?

Accepted Answer

A) Peritubular capillaries 
B) Glomeruli 
C) Calyces 
D) Trigone 
A) Peritubular capillaries 
B) Glomeruli 
C) Calyces 
D) Trigone

Question 19

The internal and external sphincters are associated with (the)

Accepted Answer

A) renal pelvis. 
B) Bowman's capsule. 
C) juxtaglomerular apparatus. 
D) urinary bladder. 
A) renal pelvis. 
B) Bowman's capsule. 
C) juxtaglomerular apparatus. 
D) urinary bladder.

Question 20

Most diuretics work by

Accepted Answer

A) increasing blood flow to the kidneys. 
B) increasing the urge to urinate. 
C) stimulating the contraction of the detrusor muscle. 
D) blocking the tubular reabsorption of Na+. 
A) increasing blood flow to the kidneys. 
B) increasing the urge to urinate. 
C) stimulating the contraction of the detrusor muscle. 
D) blocking the tubular reabsorption of Na+.

Exam 24: Urinary System

A deficiency of aldosterone causes a decrease in the tubular reabsorption of sodium and water,causing a significant decrease in blood volume and

Which of the following is true of glomerular function?

Which of the following is not true of ADH?

Albuminuria is most indicative of

In the process of secretion,a substance moves from the peritubular capillaries into what structure?

Albuminuria and generalized edema (anasarca) are usually accompanied by

Glucosuria is most likely to cause

Which of the following is correct?

Which of the following terms refers to the voluntary expulsion of urine?

Which of the following urine-making processes occurs first?

Which of the following is true of aldosterone?

A sudden decline in blood pressure to 80/45 mm Hg is most apt to

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) is located near the

The calyces receive urine from the

Bowman's capsule is part of the

The collecting duct

Renal failure causes anemia because of

What part of the nephron unit filters 180 L of water per day?

The internal and external sphincters are associated with (the)

Most diuretics work by

Introduction to the Human Body

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