Question 1

Which blood vessel(s) is (are) primarily concerned with reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A) Renal artery 
B) Glomeruli 
C) Renal vein 
D) Peritubular capillaries 
A) Renal artery 
B) Glomeruli 
C) Renal vein 
D) Peritubular capillaries

Question 2

Renin activates

Accepted Answer

A) aldosterone. 
B) converting enzyme. 
C) angiotensinogen. 
D) angiotensin II. 
A) aldosterone. 
B) converting enzyme. 
C) angiotensinogen. 
D) angiotensin II.

Question 3

Under normal conditions,which substance is present in the urine?

Accepted Answer

A) Creatinine 
B) Fibrinogen 
C) Myosin 
D) Albumin 
A) Creatinine 
B) Fibrinogen 
C) Myosin 
D) Albumin

Question 4

Hyperkalemia

Accepted Answer

A) causes blood volume expansion and hypertension. 
B) refers to an elevation in serum potassium. 
C) is uncomfortable but never serious. 
D) is due to an accumulation of urea in the blood. 
A) causes blood volume expansion and hypertension. 
B) refers to an elevation in serum potassium. 
C) is uncomfortable but never serious. 
D) is due to an accumulation of urea in the blood.

Question 5

The efferent arterioles extend to become the

Accepted Answer

A) peritubular capillaries. 
B) afferent arterioles. 
C) glomeruli. 
D) renal artery. 
A) peritubular capillaries. 
B) afferent arterioles. 
C) glomeruli. 
D) renal artery.

Question 6

Kaliuresis refers to the renal excretion of

Accepted Answer

A) sodium. 
B) bicarbonate. 
C) water. 
D) potassium. 
A) sodium. 
B) bicarbonate. 
C) water. 
D) potassium.

Question 7

An anticholinergic (muscarinic antagonist) drug,such as atropine,prevents both the relaxation of the urinary sphincter and the contraction of the detrusor muscle.You would therefore observe the patient for signs of

Accepted Answer

A) uremia. 
B) urinary suppression. 
C) urinary retention. 
D) nephrotic syndrome. 
A) uremia. 
B) urinary suppression. 
C) urinary retention. 
D) nephrotic syndrome.

Question 8

Severe hyperglycemia is most apt to induce

Accepted Answer

A) glucosuria. 
B) osmotic diuresis. 
C) increased tubular solute load. 
D) All of the above are true. 
A) glucosuria. 
B) osmotic diuresis. 
C) increased tubular solute load. 
D) All of the above are true.

Question 9

Renin

Accepted Answer

A) is a hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. 
B) is called converting enzyme. 
C) activates angiotensinogen. 
D) Two of the above are true. 
A) is a hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. 
B) is called converting enzyme. 
C) activates angiotensinogen. 
D) Two of the above are true.

Question 10

The urinary tract is lined with

Accepted Answer

A) serous membrane. 
B) the renal capsule. 
C) mucous membrane. 
D) tubular epithelium. 
A) serous membrane. 
B) the renal capsule. 
C) mucous membrane. 
D) tubular epithelium.

Question 11

A drug is classified as a diuretic.Most likely,the drug

Accepted Answer

A) decreases the GFR. 
B) blocks the tubular reabsorption of Na+. 
C) activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. 
D) causes the release of ADH. 
A) decreases the GFR. 
B) blocks the tubular reabsorption of Na+. 
C) activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. 
D) causes the release of ADH.

Question 12

What is the urine-making structure of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A) Trigone 
B) Renal pyramid 
C) Renal capsule 
D) Nephron unit 
A) Trigone 
B) Renal pyramid 
C) Renal capsule 
D) Nephron unit

Question 13

The detrusor muscle is located in the

Accepted Answer

A) urethra. 
B) renal pelvis. 
C) urinary bladder. 
D) glomeruli. 
A) urethra. 
B) renal pelvis. 
C) urinary bladder. 
D) glomeruli.

Question 14

Which of the following is caused by prolonged hypotension?

Accepted Answer

A) Oliguria 
B) Albuminuria 
C) Cystitis 
D) Glomerulonephritis 
A) Oliguria 
B) Albuminuria 
C) Cystitis 
D) Glomerulonephritis

Question 15

Which of the following is found in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A) Detrusor muscle 
B) Trigone 
C) Nephron units 
D) Urethra 
A) Detrusor muscle 
B) Trigone 
C) Nephron units 
D) Urethra

Question 16

Where does aldosterone exert its effects?

Accepted Answer

A) Glomeruli 
B) Efferent arteriole 
C) Distal convoluted tubule 
D) Ascending limb (loop of Henle) 
A) Glomeruli 
B) Efferent arteriole 
C) Distal convoluted tubule 
D) Ascending limb (loop of Henle)

Question 17

Which of the following is false with regard to normal urine?

Accepted Answer

A) Normal urine has E.coli as part of its normal flora. 
B) Urinary tract infections are more common in alkaline urine than in acid urine. 
C) Urine does not contain glucose. 
D) Urine does not contain significant amounts of albumin. 
A) Normal urine has E.coli as part of its normal flora. 
B) Urinary tract infections are more common in alkaline urine than in acid urine. 
C) Urine does not contain glucose. 
D) Urine does not contain significant amounts of albumin.

Question 18

Which structure is located between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A) Urethra 
B) Trigone 
C) Urinary meatus 
D) Ureter 
A) Urethra 
B) Trigone 
C) Urinary meatus 
D) Ureter

Question 19

Which of the following is not located within the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A) Trigone 
B) Detrusor muscle 
C) Internal sphincter 
D) Calyces 
A) Trigone 
B) Detrusor muscle 
C) Internal sphincter 
D) Calyces

Question 20

What is the earliest consequence of a decreased GFR,as in shock?

Accepted Answer

A) Urinary retention 
B) Glucosuria 
C) Albuminuria 
D) Oliguria 
A) Urinary retention 
B) Glucosuria 
C) Albuminuria 
D) Oliguria

Exam 24: Urinary System

Which blood vessel(s) is (are) primarily concerned with reabsorption?

Renin activates

Under normal conditions,which substance is present in the urine?

Hyperkalemia

The efferent arterioles extend to become the

Kaliuresis refers to the renal excretion of

An anticholinergic (muscarinic antagonist) drug,such as atropine,prevents both the relaxation of the urinary sphincter and the contraction of the detrusor muscle.You would therefore observe the patient for signs of

Severe hyperglycemia is most apt to induce

Renin

The urinary tract is lined with

A drug is classified as a diuretic.Most likely,the drug

What is the urine-making structure of the kidney?

The detrusor muscle is located in the

Which of the following is caused by prolonged hypotension?

Which of the following is found in the kidney?

Where does aldosterone exert its effects?

Which of the following is false with regard to normal urine?

Which structure is located between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder?

Which of the following is not located within the urinary bladder?

What is the earliest consequence of a decreased GFR,as in shock?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels and Special Circulations

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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