Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of insulin?

Accepted Answer

A) Lowers blood glucose levels 
B) Stimulates cells to make glucose (gluconeogenesis) 
C) Deficiency causes diabetes insipidus 
D) Decreases blood volume 
A) Lowers blood glucose levels 
B) Stimulates cells to make glucose (gluconeogenesis) 
C) Deficiency causes diabetes insipidus 
D) Decreases blood volume

Question 2

Insulin,cortisol,thyroxine,and oxytocin

Accepted Answer

A) are hypothalamic-releasing hormones. 
B) are secreted by the adenohypophysis. 
C) increase blood glucose levels. 
D) are hormones. 
A) are hypothalamic-releasing hormones. 
B) are secreted by the adenohypophysis. 
C) increase blood glucose levels. 
D) are hormones.

Question 3

Insulin and glucagon

Accepted Answer

A) are secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B) elevate blood glucose levels. 
C) are secreted in response to declining plasma levels of glucose. 
D) are secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood glucose. 
A) are secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B) elevate blood glucose levels. 
C) are secreted in response to declining plasma levels of glucose. 
D) are secreted by the pancreas to regulate blood glucose.

Question 4

Which gland secretes TSH,ACTH,and growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) Neurohypophysis 
B) Pancreas 
C) Adrenal medulla 
D) Anterior pituitary gland 
A) Neurohypophysis 
B) Pancreas 
C) Adrenal medulla 
D) Anterior pituitary gland

Question 5

Hyperglycemia,glucosuria,polyuria,and acidosis are

Accepted Answer

A) most apt to be caused by a deficiency of insulin. 
B) characteristic of diabetes insipidus. 
C) the consequences of a hormone-secreting tumor of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
D) indicative of a deficiency of ADH. 
A) most apt to be caused by a deficiency of insulin. 
B) characteristic of diabetes insipidus. 
C) the consequences of a hormone-secreting tumor of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
D) indicative of a deficiency of ADH.

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of parathyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) It causes the excretion of calcium in the urine. 
B) It stimulates osteoblastic activity to form bone. 
C) It stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin. 
D) It increases plasma levels of calcium. 
A) It causes the excretion of calcium in the urine. 
B) It stimulates osteoblastic activity to form bone. 
C) It stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin. 
D) It increases plasma levels of calcium.

Question 7

Which of the following is the response to low plasma levels of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) Secretion of calcitonin 
B) Secretion of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans 
C) Inhibition of the adenohypophyseal release of ACTH 
D) Secretion of PTH 
A) Secretion of calcitonin 
B) Secretion of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans 
C) Inhibition of the adenohypophyseal release of ACTH 
D) Secretion of PTH

Question 8

Which of the following suppress(es) the secretion of ACTH?

Accepted Answer

A) Elevated blood glucose levels 
B) Dietary iodine 
C) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) 
D) Elevated plasma cortisol levels 
A) Elevated blood glucose levels 
B) Dietary iodine 
C) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) 
D) Elevated plasma cortisol levels

Question 9

Why is the posterior pituitary gland called the neurohypophysis?

Accepted Answer

A) The posterior pituitary gland is an extension of the hypothalamus. 
B) The neurohypophysis secretes releasing hormones. 
C) The posterior pituitary gland secretes hormones that regulate adenohypophyseal function. 
D) The posterior pituitary gland secretes releasing hormones. 
A) The posterior pituitary gland is an extension of the hypothalamus. 
B) The neurohypophysis secretes releasing hormones. 
C) The posterior pituitary gland secretes hormones that regulate adenohypophyseal function. 
D) The posterior pituitary gland secretes releasing hormones.

Question 10

Hypocalcemic tetany

Accepted Answer

A) causes a flaccid paralysis. 
B) resembles neuromuscular blockade by curare. 
C) may be caused by a deficiency of PTH. 
D) is caused by a deficiency of insulin. 
A) causes a flaccid paralysis. 
B) resembles neuromuscular blockade by curare. 
C) may be caused by a deficiency of PTH. 
D) is caused by a deficiency of insulin.

Question 11

The person with _____ is most likely to receive insulin therapy.

Accepted Answer

A) myxedema 
B) Graves' disease 
C) diabetes insipidus 
D) hyperglycemia 
A) myxedema 
B) Graves' disease 
C) diabetes insipidus 
D) hyperglycemia

Question 12

Which of the following is most likely to cause the secretion of calcitonin?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypocalcemia 
B) Hyperglycemia 
C) Dehydration 
D) Elevated plasma calcium level 
A) Hypocalcemia 
B) Hyperglycemia 
C) Dehydration 
D) Elevated plasma calcium level

Question 13

Which of the following is characterized by excess urine production resulting in low blood volume?

Accepted Answer

A) Cushing syndrome 
B) Tetany 
C) Diabetes insipidus 
D) Oversecretion of ACTH 
A) Cushing syndrome 
B) Tetany 
C) Diabetes insipidus 
D) Oversecretion of ACTH

Question 14

Which of the following is descriptive of the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the target gland of ACTH. 
B) It secretes catecholamines. 
C) It secretes hormones that lower blood glucose. 
D) It secretes iodine-containing hormones. 
A) It is the target gland of ACTH. 
B) It secretes catecholamines. 
C) It secretes hormones that lower blood glucose. 
D) It secretes iodine-containing hormones.

Question 15

ACTH stimulates the

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus to secrete corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). 
B) adenohypophysis to secrete cortisol. 
C) adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol. 
D) adrenal medulla to secrete glucagon. 
A) hypothalamus to secrete corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). 
B) adenohypophysis to secrete cortisol. 
C) adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol. 
D) adrenal medulla to secrete glucagon.

Question 16

PTH

Accepted Answer

A) lowers plasma calcium. 
B) stimulates osteoclastic activity. 
C) is an iodine-containing hormone. 
D) stimulates osteoblastic activity and causes blood calcium levels to increase. 
A) lowers plasma calcium. 
B) stimulates osteoclastic activity. 
C) is an iodine-containing hormone. 
D) stimulates osteoblastic activity and causes blood calcium levels to increase.

Question 17

The adrenal medulla

Accepted Answer

A) is an extension of the "feed-and-breed" division of the autonomic nervous system. 
B) secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
C) secretes steroids. 
D) causes Cushing syndrome when it is overactive. 
A) is an extension of the "feed-and-breed" division of the autonomic nervous system. 
B) secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
C) secretes steroids. 
D) causes Cushing syndrome when it is overactive.

Question 18

TSH

Accepted Answer

A) stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin. 
B) is secreted by the neurohypophysis. 
C) stimulates the hypothalamus to secrete TRH,thyrotropin-releasing hormone. 
D) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. 
A) stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin. 
B) is secreted by the neurohypophysis. 
C) stimulates the hypothalamus to secrete TRH,thyrotropin-releasing hormone. 
D) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 19

Which of the following posterior pituitary hormones causes the kidney to decrease its excretion of urine?

Accepted Answer

A) ADH 
B) ACTH 
C) Aldosterone 
D) Oxytocin 
A) ADH 
B) ACTH 
C) Aldosterone 
D) Oxytocin

Question 20

A patient has been receiving a large dose of prednisone for the relief of arthritic pain for 6 months.He suddenly stops taking his medication.What is the most serious concern?

Accepted Answer

A) His arthritic pain will recur. 
B) He will develop an acute adrenal insufficiency. 
C) He will continue to exhibit symptoms of Cushing syndrome. 
D) He will develop a moon face and buffalo hump. 
A) His arthritic pain will recur. 
B) He will develop an acute adrenal insufficiency. 
C) He will continue to exhibit symptoms of Cushing syndrome. 
D) He will develop a moon face and buffalo hump.

Exam 14: Endocrine System

Which of the following best describes the function of insulin?

Insulin,cortisol,thyroxine,and oxytocin

Insulin and glucagon

Which gland secretes TSH,ACTH,and growth hormone?

Hyperglycemia,glucosuria,polyuria,and acidosis are

Which of the following is a function of parathyroid hormone?

Which of the following is the response to low plasma levels of calcium?

Which of the following suppress(es) the secretion of ACTH?

Why is the posterior pituitary gland called the neurohypophysis?

Hypocalcemic tetany

The person with _____ is most likely to receive insulin therapy.

Which of the following is most likely to cause the secretion of calcitonin?

Which of the following is characterized by excess urine production resulting in low blood volume?

Which of the following is descriptive of the adrenal cortex?

ACTH stimulates the

PTH

The adrenal medulla

TSH

Which of the following posterior pituitary hormones causes the kidney to decrease its excretion of urine?

A patient has been receiving a large dose of prednisone for the relief of arthritic pain for 6 months.He suddenly stops taking his medication.What is the most serious concern?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels and Special Circulations

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

Filters