Question 1

The two general types of chromosomes are

Accepted Answer

A) autosomes and allosomes. 
B) sex chromosomes and allosomes. 
C) sex chromosomes and autosomes. 
D) X and Y chromosomes. 
A) autosomes and allosomes. 
B) sex chromosomes and allosomes. 
C) sex chromosomes and autosomes. 
D) X and Y chromosomes.

Question 2

During amniocentesis

Accepted Answer

A) a needle removes cells from the fetus. 
B) a piece of the placenta is snipped off and examined for abnormal cells. 
C) fetal fibroblasts in amniotic fluid are cultured and a karyotype constructed. 
D) blood is removed from a woman's arm and fetal cells isolated and their chromosomes karyotyped. 
A) a needle removes cells from the fetus. 
B) a piece of the placenta is snipped off and examined for abnormal cells. 
C) fetal fibroblasts in amniotic fluid are cultured and a karyotype constructed. 
D) blood is removed from a woman's arm and fetal cells isolated and their chromosomes karyotyped.

Question 3

The expression of an inherited trait is the genotype and the DNA sequence is the phenotype.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Your family has a strong genetic predisposition to abnormal blood clotting and deep vein thrombosis. How does this affect or determine your chances of suffering from the same conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) You are guaranteed to experience blood clots and deep vein thrombosis, as the genes producing such conditions are definitely in your genome and will become active at some point. 
B) You don't have to worry about these conditions because genetic predisposition doesn't at all affect your chances of developing these conditions if you exercise regularly and eat healthy foods. 
C) You must expect to die from such conditions if more than 4 or 5 of your relatives have also died from them, as medicine does not yet know how to stop genetic conditions from taking their course. 
D) You have a higher risk of suffering from these conditions, but you can still take preventative steps to reduce the risk if you know about the genetic predisposition. You are not absolutely guaranteed to suffer deep vein thrombosis because environmental factors can be changed. 
A) You are guaranteed to experience blood clots and deep vein thrombosis, as the genes producing such conditions are definitely in your genome and will become active at some point. 
B) You don't have to worry about these conditions because genetic predisposition doesn't at all affect your chances of developing these conditions if you exercise regularly and eat healthy foods. 
C) You must expect to die from such conditions if more than 4 or 5 of your relatives have also died from them, as medicine does not yet know how to stop genetic conditions from taking their course. 
D) You have a higher risk of suffering from these conditions, but you can still take preventative steps to reduce the risk if you know about the genetic predisposition. You are not absolutely guaranteed to suffer deep vein thrombosis because environmental factors can be changed.

Question 5

A gene typically has many alleles because

Accepted Answer

A) humans have many traits. 
B) a chromosome has many genes. 
C) a DNA sequence can vary in many ways. 
D) a protein sequence can vary in many ways. 
A) humans have many traits. 
B) a chromosome has many genes. 
C) a DNA sequence can vary in many ways. 
D) a protein sequence can vary in many ways.

Question 6

The processes that pass genetic information from generation to generation are

Accepted Answer

A) mitosis and fertilization. 
B) meiosis and fertilization. 
C) mitosis and meiosis. 
D) interactions of DNA and the environment. 
A) mitosis and fertilization. 
B) meiosis and fertilization. 
C) mitosis and meiosis. 
D) interactions of DNA and the environment.

Question 7

A human cell that has 47 chromosomes is

Accepted Answer

A) monosomic. 
B) euploid. 
C) polyploid. 
D) trisomic. 
A) monosomic. 
B) euploid. 
C) polyploid. 
D) trisomic.

Question 8

Down syndrome is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) nondisjunction or a translocation. 
B) the karyotype XXY. 
C) an extra Y chromosome. 
D) a missing autosome. 
A) nondisjunction or a translocation. 
B) the karyotype XXY. 
C) an extra Y chromosome. 
D) a missing autosome.

Question 9

Beard growth is a sex-influenced trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In incomplete dominance, the phenotype of a heterozygote is in between that of either homozygote.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Polydactyly is an example of a trait that is both ________ and variably expressive.

Accepted Answer

A) incompletely penetrant 
B) pleiotropic 
C) multifactorial 
D) completely penetrant 
A) incompletely penetrant 
B) pleiotropic 
C) multifactorial 
D) completely penetrant

Question 12

A human male is hemizygous for genes on the X chromosome because he has two copies of that chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Genes have multiple alleles that differ in DNA sequence because a gene consists of many nucleotides, each of which can be any of four types.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The two types of information needed to predict the inheritance pattern of a trait are

Accepted Answer

A) the way genes are distributed in meiosis and the way that they come together when sperm joins egg. 
B) the health of the mother and the father. 
C) the way mitosis distributes the alleles of a gene and whether those alleles are dominant or recessive. 
D) the age at which the trait appears and how it affects males or females. 
A) the way genes are distributed in meiosis and the way that they come together when sperm joins egg. 
B) the health of the mother and the father. 
C) the way mitosis distributes the alleles of a gene and whether those alleles are dominant or recessive. 
D) the age at which the trait appears and how it affects males or females.

Question 15

Maternal serum marker tests detect metabolites in the fetus that may be associated with specific medical conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Chromosome abnormalities include having a number other than 46, a chromosome that has an inverted sequence, and different chromosome types that exchange parts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A genotype that does not affect everyone who inherits it is completely penetrant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The field of genetics deals only with disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Different alleles of the same gene are said to be

Accepted Answer

A) homozygous. 
B) heterozygous. 
C) recessive. 
D) dominant. 
A) homozygous. 
B) heterozygous. 
C) recessive. 
D) dominant.

Question 20

A pharmacogenetic test can reveal whether a certain drug will be effective and/or cause adverse effects in a particular person.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: Genetics and Genomics

The two general types of chromosomes are

During amniocentesis

The expression of an inherited trait is the genotype and the DNA sequence is the phenotype.

Your family has a strong genetic predisposition to abnormal blood clotting and deep vein thrombosis. How does this affect or determine your chances of suffering from the same conditions?

A gene typically has many alleles because

The processes that pass genetic information from generation to generation are

A human cell that has 47 chromosomes is

Down syndrome is caused by

Beard growth is a sex-influenced trait.

In incomplete dominance, the phenotype of a heterozygote is in between that of either homozygote.

Polydactyly is an example of a trait that is both ________ and variably expressive.

A human male is hemizygous for genes on the X chromosome because he has two copies of that chromosome.

Genes have multiple alleles that differ in DNA sequence because a gene consists of many nucleotides, each of which can be any of four types.

The two types of information needed to predict the inheritance pattern of a trait are

Maternal serum marker tests detect metabolites in the fetus that may be associated with specific medical conditions.

Chromosome abnormalities include having a number other than 46, a chromosome that has an inverted sequence, and different chromosome types that exchange parts.

A genotype that does not affect everyone who inherits it is completely penetrant.

The field of genetics deals only with disease.

Different alleles of the same gene are said to be

A pharmacogenetic test can reveal whether a certain drug will be effective and/or cause adverse effects in a particular person.

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

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